Identification and characterization of an anti-fibrotic benzopyran compound isolated from mangrove-derived Streptomyces xiamenensis

An anti-fibrotic compound produced by Streptomycesn xiamenensis, found in mangrove sediments, was investigated for possible therapeutic effects against fibrosis. The compound, N-[[3,4-dihydro-3S-hydroxy-2S-methyl-2-(4'R-methyl-3'S-pentenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]carbonyl]-threonine (1), was isolated from crude extracts and its structure, including the absolute configuration was determined by extensive spectroscopic data analyses, Mosher's method, Marfey's reagent and quantum mechanical calculations. In terms of biological effects, this compound inhibits the proliferation of human lung fibroblasts (WI26), blocks adhesion of human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1) to a monolayer of WI26 cells, and reduces the contractile capacity of WI26 cells in three-dimensional free-floating collagen gels. Altogether, these data indicate that we have identified a bioactive alkaloid (1) with multiple inhibitory biological effects on lung excessive fibrotic characteristics, that are likely involved in fibrosis, suggesting that this molecule might indeed have therapeutic potential against fibrosis.     

New Capoamycin-Type Antibiotics and Polyene Acids from Marine Streptomyces fradiae PTZ0025

Capoamycin-type antibiotics (2–5) and polyene acids (6, 7) were isolated from marine Streptomyces fradiae strain PTZ0025. Their structures were established by extensive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution electron spray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS) analyses and chemical degradation. Compounds 3, 4, 6, 7 were found to be new and named as fradimycins A (3) and B (4), and fradic acids A (6) and B (7). Compounds 3–5 showed in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.0 to 6.0 μg/mL. Interestingly, Compounds 3–5 also significantly inhibited cell growth of colon cancer and glioma with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.13 to 6.46 μM. Fradimycin B (4), the most active compound, was further determined to arrest cell cycle and induce apoptosis in tumor cells. The results indicated that fradimycin B (4) arrested the cell cycle at the G₀/G₁ phase and induced apoptosis and necrosis in colon cancer and glioma cells. Taken together, the results demonstrated that the marine natural products 3–5, particularly fradimycin B (4), possessed potent antimicrobial and antitumor activities.     

链霉菌702抗尖孢镰刀菌次级代谢产物的分离鉴定及活性研究

从链霉菌702代谢产物中分离纯化抗尖孢镰刀菌的活性成分.以抗尖孢镰刀菌活性为导向,采用多种色谱分离技术对活性成分进行分离纯化,并对其理化性质和波谱学数据进行测定和综合解析,鉴定其化学结构.结果从链霉菌702代谢产物中分离得到1个多烯大环内酯化合物,经鉴定为制霉色基素(Fungichromin),该化合物具有显著的抗尖孢...     

阿维菌素高产菌的育种研究进展

阿维菌素是阿维链霉菌产生的具有杀虫活性的大环内酯类抗生素,在农业和畜牧业中应用广泛。对近年来的研究概况,从产特定组分阿维茵素菌种选育、阿维菌素高产菌选育和阿维菌素的改造创新等方面进行了综述。     

拮抗放线菌B1菌株鉴定及其防治番茄灰霉病的初步研究

为明确放线菌B1菌株在植物病害生物防治中的应用潜力,采用平板对峙培养法、离体叶片和果实及温室盆栽苗测定其抑菌作用,通过多相分类法研究其分类地位,并且采用单因子试验与正交试验相结合的方法,筛选出该菌株的液体发酵培养基配方.结果表明:菌株B1对10种植物病原真菌和3种植物病原细菌有抑制作用,其中对番茄灰霉病菌、番茄早疫病菌、小麦纹枯病菌、甘蓝黑腐病菌和西瓜果腐病菌的抑制作用较强,对番茄灰霉病菌的生长抑制率达86.25%;菌株B1的代谢产物对番茄灰霉病菌菌丝有致畸作用;菌株B1发酵上清液在离体叶片和活体植株上对番茄灰霉病具有良好的生防作用,其防治效果分别为68.80%和64.03%.根据形态特征、培养性状、生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列分析结果,将菌株B1初步鉴定为淡紫灰链霉菌Streptomyces lavendulae.通过正交试验筛选出菌株B1的液体发酵培养基组成为:葡萄糖15 g、玉米浆20g、NH4H2PO40.5 g、MgSO41.0 g、自来水1 000mL,pH 7.2～7.4.     

金色链霉菌接合转移体系的构建

以金色链霉菌J13基因组DNA为模板,扩增金霉素C6甲基化酶基因ctcF上下游序列作为两端同源交换臂,在两臂之间添加抗性筛选标记neo基因,并在该基因上游加入组成型强启动子ermE*,以强化筛选标记.将该外源DNA序列插入到质粒pSET152,构建重组质粒pFD106.转化大肠杆菌ET12567后,经接合转移导入金色链...     

壳聚糖酶高产菌的筛选、鉴定与发酵产酶初探

壳聚糖酶(EC3.2.1.132)能催化壳聚糖分子中β-1,4-糖苷键的水解,以获得具有特殊生理活性的壳聚寡糖(聚氨基葡萄糖,聚合度2-10)。该酶在细菌、真菌等多种微生物中存在。采用透明圈法,以壳聚糖为唯一碳源,从11份虾蟹壳堆积的土壤中分离出51株能降解壳聚糖的菌株。经平板初筛、摇瓶发酵复筛以及产酶动力学研究,确定H2为产壳聚酶活力高、发酵时间短的优良菌株。根据其形态及培养特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定该菌株为浅玫瑰色链霉菌,并命名为(Streptomyces roseolus DH)。进一步的基本发酵条件研究显示:该菌株发酵最适温度为30℃,发酵液初始pH为7.2,最适碳源为1%胶体壳聚糖,最适氮源为0.5%蛋白胨。此条件下经60 h发酵,发酵液中壳聚糖酶活力可达(6.10±0.12)U/mL。此菌株产酶量高,发酵周期短,具有良好的应用潜力。     

高产抗生素产生菌Streptomyces albogriseus的选育

采用紫外线、亚硝酸和氮离子注入等诱变处理方法,对抗生素产生菌Streptomyces albogriseus的出发菌株JFA-001-71进行逐步选育,最终获得高产菌株N-56-343,菌株产素水平高且较为稳定,世代间的发酵产素水平无显著性差异。     

黄麻链霉菌NF0919菌株发酵提取液HPLC检测分析及稳定性研究

采用HPLC法检测分析了黄麻链霉菌NF0919菌株发酵提取液的主要有效成分,以确定该发酵液的HPLC检测方法,采用菌丝生长速率法对不同处理条件下的发酵提取液进行抑菌活性测定,以确定该发酵提取液的稳定性。结果表明,在采用C18柱,波长305nm,甲醇与水梯度洗脱的条件下,所检测到的发酵提取液物质成分最多;该菌株发酵提取液对热、碱、紫外线的稳定性较差,对酸、光照均较稳定,在冰箱贮藏条件下,该菌株的发酵提取液稳定性较强,具有一定的研究开发价值。     

杨树烂皮病生防链霉菌的筛选及鉴定

为明确能有效抑制杨树烂皮病菌的拮抗放线菌F58的生防效果及分类地位,采用平板对峙法、杯碟法和人工接种法分别测定了其活菌及发酵液的抑菌活性;并通过形态学、生理生化特征、16S rRNA及全细胞脂肪酸分析等方法研究了其分类地位。结果表明,拮抗放线菌F58对杨树烂皮病菌、杨树溃疡病菌、苹果斑点落叶病菌等13种供试植物病原菌均有抑制作用,抑菌谱广,其中对杨树烂皮病菌和杨树溃疡病菌抑制作用最强,抑菌带达30.2 mm以上,菌株F58发酵液对这2种病菌也有很强的抑制作用,抑菌圈直径分别为56.4 mm和42.7 mm;发酵液的无菌滤液对杨树烂皮病的保护效果和治疗效果分别达88.7%和73.4%。根据菌株形态、生理生化特性、16S rRNA序列比对及全细胞脂肪酸分析,鉴定拮抗放线菌F58为盐屋链霉菌Streptomyces sioyaensis。