SUBLUMBAR ABSCESS AND DISKOSPONDYLITIS IN A CAT

Diskospondylitis is uncommon in cats. We describe a cat with diskospondylitis of the L7-S1 intervertebral disk, and a concurrent sublumbar abscess. Radiographic, computed tomographic and ultrasonographic findings are presented. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures of blood and spinal fluid yielded no growth. Aerobic and anaerobic urine cultures resulted in growth of an Enterococcus sp. and Clostridium perfringens, respectively. The cat was successfully treated with enrofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Clinical signs resolved completely, and based on follow-up ultrasonography there was no remaining evidence of the sublumbar abscess. Etiologic agents and outcome from other cats with diskospondylitis are reviewed.     

肠球菌毒力因子研究进展

肠球菌(Enterococcus)是人和动物肠道的正常菌群,通常不引起发病,为一种重要的机会致病菌.最近几年,由于免疫制剂的广泛使用,侵入性治疗机会的增加和抗生素的过渡使用,尤其是第3代头孢菌素的广泛应用,使得肠球菌的感染不断上升,成为医院内感染的主要致病菌.肠球菌致病机制与其致病岛编码的毒力因子表面蛋白、溶血素、蛋白明胶酶等有关,肠球菌致病机理不是由单一毒力因子所决定,而是多种毒力因子共同作用的结果.文章综述了肠球菌的各种潜在毒力因子的生物特性及其与致病性的关系,为预防和控制肠球菌感染提供参考.     

猪源粪肠球菌的BIOLOG系统鉴定及其生物学特性

利用BIOLOG自动微生物分析系统和传统鉴定方法对1株猪源粪肠球菌进行了鉴定，并对其生物学特性进行了系统研究。结果显示，2种鉴定方法的结果一致，与传统的鉴定方法相比，BIOLOG自动微生物分析系统更快捷、方便、高效，可快速为临床诊断和用药提供依据。生物学试验表明，本株粪肠球菌在液体和固体培养基内均可有效抑制大肠杆菌生长，从而维持肠道平衡；另外，该菌株可使培养液的pH值降低至3．69。上述结果为该菌株的进一步开发利用提供了理论支持。     

林麝源屎肠球菌LS170308株多重耐药基因岛PRI1分析

屎肠球菌作为条件致病菌在临床上报道的越来越多,主要引起宿主心内膜炎、败血症等,目前关于屎肠球菌的耐药性研究已日益突出,其原因主要在于该菌对β-内酰胺类药物天然耐药及对万古霉素等糖肽类抗生素耐药性不断增强,但该菌耐药性传播机制仍在进一步研究中。本研究拟描述1株林麝源屎肠球菌多重耐药基因岛的特征,显示出该基因岛在不同属细菌中的传播。采用单分子测序技术对这株林麝心源屎肠球菌进行从头测序,同时采用分子生物学工具对该基因岛进行分析。结果显示:这株屎肠球菌染色体上携带多个耐药基因,其中携带ANT(9)、ErmA的Tn554转座酶和携带AAC(6′)-le-APH(2″)-la的一对插入元件IS256共同构成的一个多重耐药基因岛来自金黄色葡萄球菌,该基因岛对大环内酯类、林可酰胺类及氨基糖苷类抗生素具有抗性。结果表明从死亡林麝内脏组织中分离得到1株屎肠球菌,该菌株携带有一个多重耐药基因组岛PRI1,该类型基因岛目前在屎肠球菌中并未有相关报道,同时这株菌来自野生动物,可为野生动物源细菌耐药性传播提供数据支持。     

Effect of seaweed on gastrointestinal microbiota isolated from Norwegian White sheep

The effects of a commercial seaweed (SW) product and extracts collected from wild SWs in the Northern Norway on cultivable commensal intestinal bacterial groups isolated from Norwegian White sheep ewes were studied in vivo and in vitro. Bacterial counts from faeces from the ewes fed with supplement which contained SW meal throughout the entire indoor winter period had significantly lower lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts (P?≈?.05). The screening of extracts from red and brown SWs showed that a number of the organic extracts had an inhibitory effect on the growth of the two Enterococcus sp. isolates. The results indicate that Ascophyllum nodosum supplementation reduces LAB counts in the ewes and the lambs, and that extracts from this SW have an inhibitory effect on the growth of Enterococcus sp. isolates.     

鲤鱼源粪肠球菌的体外抑菌试验研究

为证明益生菌候选菌株具有益生特性,将筛选的鲤鱼源粪肠球菌YL-1进行体外抑菌试验。结果发现,YL-1对病原菌嗜水气单胞菌有较强的抑菌作用;通过对YL-1上清液进行热处理,蛋白酶处理,中和酸等方式分析发现,其抑菌物质主要是对有机酸和胰蛋白酶敏感的一类物质。     

乳酸菌对Caco-2细胞分泌APRIL和IL-10的影响

【目的】通过检测促炎细胞因子APRIL和抗炎细胞因子IL-10的分泌水平来观察屎肠球菌和乳酸乳球菌对肠上皮细胞先天性免疫应答的调节作用。【方法】Caco-2细胞分别和PBS（CT组,阴性对照组）、Escherichia coli K88（EC组,阳性对照组）,Enterococcus faecium（EF组）或Lactococcus lactis（LL组）共孵育2 h,以及先分别和Enterococcus faecium或Lactococcus lactis共孵育1 h,再和Escherichia coli K88共孵育2 h（EF-EC组和LL-EC组）。试验结束时,用ELISA方法检测细胞培养上清中APRIL和IL-10的含量。【结果】结果表明,2株乳酸菌都促进正常状态下的肠上皮细胞分泌促炎细胞因子APRIL和抗炎细胞因子IL-10,抑制Escherichia coli K88对APRIL分泌的诱导作用,促进Escherichia coli K88感染的肠上皮细胞分泌IL-10。【结论】体外试验条件下,屎肠球菌和乳酸乳球菌能够诱导肠上皮细胞产生先天免疫应答,分泌APRIL和IL-10,抑制大肠杆菌K88引起的促炎反应,表现出抗炎作用。     

Classification and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Enterococcus Species Isolated from Apparently Healthy Food‐Producing Animals in Japan

Summary A total of 1024 enterococci were recovered from faeces of healthy animals from 178 cattle, 178 pig and 156 broiler farms. Enterococcus faecium was the predominant species recovered (35.8%), followed by E. faecalis (31.3%) and E. hirae (25.6%). Oxytetracycline resistance was most frequently found among E. faecalis (85.9%), E. faecium (58.8%) and E. hirae (48.1%). Resistance rates to almost all antimicrobials were higher in E. faecalis than E. faecium and E. hirae. Isolates from cattle were more susceptible to the antimicrobials studied than those from pigs and broilers. VanA‐ or VanB‐type vancomycin‐resistant enterococci have not been found since the ban of avoparcin use 5 years ago.     

新疆动物源粪肠球菌的耐药性分析与耐药基因检测

为了解新疆不同动物源粪肠球菌的耐药性和耐药基因携带情况,并指导临床针对不同动物合理用药,从新疆9个县区养殖场分别采集猪、牛、羊、骆驼、鸡和鸽的粪样共564份,进行粪肠球菌的分离鉴定.对分离得到的粪肠球菌采用CLSI推荐的琼脂稀释法进行11种抗菌药物最小抑菌浓度的测定,用PCR方法进行10种耐药基因的检测.结果显示:1)...     

粪肠球菌fsr群体感应系统的研究进展

群体感应系统是微生物间交流和适应周围环境的一种机制。粪肠球菌fsr群体感应系统与粪肠球菌致病性密切相关。综述了粪肠球菌fsr群体感应系统的组成,各部分特点,群体感应系统信号调控通路,fsr群体感应系统相关毒力基因,群体感应系统抑制剂等国内外研究进展,并对粪肠球菌所引起疾病的治疗提出新的建议。