快速检测大豆疫霉菌的酶联免疫吸附技术研究

利用已经制备的大豆疫霉菌的抗血清，对大豆疫霉菌的纯培养和大豆病组织进行检测。结果表明：间接法（Ｉ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）和夹心法（ＤＡＳ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）都能较好地检测纯培养的大豆疫霉菌，但在检测病组织时，夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ的特异性较强，能够可靠地检测到大豆病组织内的病原菌     

ELISA检测兔出血症病毒抗体的研究

用人“O”型红细胞吸附解脱法提纯制备的兔出血症病毒抗原,成功地建立了ELISA检测兔出血症病毒抗体的方法。实验证明,该ELISA方法敏感、特异,与HI试验结果有极好地相关性。     

A novel technique using the Hendrickx centrifuge for extracting winter sporangia of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Synchytrium endobioticum</Emphasis> from soil

A zonal centrifugation method, known as the Hendrickx centrifuge technique, was tested for routine detection of winter sporangia of Synchytrium endobioticum in soil. In four experiments the ability of the Hendrickx centrifuge to extract the sporangia from soil was compared with a method used by the Dutch Plant Protection Service, which is a modification of the recommended EPPO method. Naturally and artificially contaminated soil samples were used to study the recovery percentage of and variation in numbers of winter sporangia. The effects of soil type and inoculum density were studied. The Hendrickx centrifuge method, developed originally for extraction of free living nematodes from soil, performed better than the method used by the Dutch Plant Protection Service. This was due to a better extraction recovery (60% higher), a lower measurement error (50% lower) and a lower detection level (down to 0.02 sporangia g⁻¹ soil). The Hendrickx centrifuge method is much less labour-intensive than the method used by the Dutch Plant Protection Service. It can be used to extract many different organisms from soil, and DNA can be subsequently extracted from the supernatant for further PCR analysis. Inclusion of the Hendrickx centrifuge method in the official EPPO diagnostic protocol for regulated pests is recommended as an alternative method for detection of sporangia in soil.     

柑橘衰退病毒研究进展

综合有关文献,就柑橘衰退病毒(Citrustristezavirus,CTV)的生物学特征、分子生物学、抗病毒基因工程和柑橘衰退病的检测、鉴定及防治作一综述。重点讨论CTV株系分化、基因组和亚基因组RNA、CTV的血清学和分子生物学检测方法。目前的研究表明,CTV通常以不同株系的混合物存在,并且和其他病原形成复合侵染,各分离物之间存在明显的遗传多样性。不同株系的分离纯化、各株系间的交叉保护及CTV和橘蚜的互作关系还有待深入的研究。     

应用间接荧光抗体法检测鱼类嗜水气单胞菌的试验研究

作者制备了鱼类嗜水气单胞菌（AH）－77株兔抗血清,建立了应用间接荧光抗体试验（IFA）检测鱼类嗜水气单胞菌病原的方法。该法能有效地检测人工感染鳟鱼体内的嗜水气单胞菌病原体,对杀鲑气单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、爱德华氏菌不发生交叉反应。整个过程可在2．5h内完成,是一种有前途的鱼类嗜水气单胞菌快速诊断方法。     

禽白血病的流行病学与检测方法的研究进展

从禽白血病的定义、分类、流行病学、症状及诊断方法等方面对禽白血病进行了全面阐述,并介绍了其相关研究方法和进展情况,以期为规模养殖场诊断禽白血病提供参考。     

运用实时荧光RT-PCR技术检测柑橘碎叶病毒

柑橘碎叶病是由橘碎叶病毒(Citrus tatter leaf virus,CTLV)引起的一种重要的柑橘病害,为更快、更准确的检测CTLV,合成了一对特异性引物ASG-Pf和ASG-Pr,建立了运用SYBRGreenI荧光染料法检测CTLV的实时荧光RT-PCR体系,并对该体系的特异性、灵敏性和适用性进行了测试。结果表明,该检测体系能特异的检出CTLV,对测试的衰退病毒、温州蜜柑萎缩病毒和鳞皮病毒都不能检出;灵敏度比常规PCR高100倍;适用性广,可检测出多种柑橘类植物中的CTLV。实时荧光RT-PCR检测整个过程完全闭管,无需PCR后处理,且SYBR GreenI荧光染料成本较低,适用于检测柑橘体内含量较低的CTLV病毒。     

BC1群体单标记分析检测QTL的效率

[目的]为QTL定位中进一步估计QTL的位置和影响效应提供必要的依据。[方法]以BC1设计为资源群体,通过计算机模拟研究了不同群体规模、标记-QTL间图距、性状遗传力和QTL效应（QTL方差占加性遗传方差的比例）对单标记分析检测QTL效率的影响。[结果]表明：资源群体规模较大,标记与QTL的间距较小（或标记与QTL连锁紧密）,目标性状的遗传力较高,且QTL效应较大时,采用单标记分析方法检测QTL的检出率较高。当所检测的标记距离QTL较近时,获得相同的QTL检出率所需的资源群体规模更小。[结论]QTL效应对QTL检出率的影响会受性状遗传力的制约,如果性状的遗传力过低,即使QTL方差占遗传方差的比例很高,也很难获得理想的QTL检出率。     

屠宰场猪瘟及猪丹毒检验方法的优化

[目的]探讨用于屠宰场生猪猪瘟、猪丹毒的检验方法。[方法]收集疑似猪丹毒、猪瘟病例,宰前检疫,并观察宰后检验过程中皮肤、体内各器官系统出现的病理变化,用微生物学和血清学检查佐证屠宰检验结果,对检出猪丹毒、猪瘟生猪按规定处理。[结果]从疑似猪丹毒病料中分离到猪丹毒杆菌,且分离株可使小鼠感染死亡;对疑似猪瘟病例30份血清进行血清学检查,阳性率达73.3%。[结论]熟练地掌握猪丹毒、猪瘟病理变化鉴别要点,结合实验室快速检测可以提高不合格生猪的检出率。     

The physiology of triploid fish: current knowledge and comparisons with diploid fish

This paper is aimed at underlining the limited knowledge available about the physiology of triploid fishes compared with diploids. Whereas many aspects (induction, detection, growth, resistance to diseases, etc.) in the production and rearing of triploid fishes have widely been developed and described in the literature, other numerous questions of ecophysiology remain in abeyance, and the study of triploid cells physiology is still in its infancy. Triploid fishes can be considered as models worthwhile for physiological investigations not only for the economical stake in relation to the development of triploid fishes rearing, but also for the cytological and molecular features of their tissues and organs. The functional implications of these features have been poorly studied although they are potential areas of applied and/or fundamental studies.