芜菁小孢子胚胎发生及其显微结构观察研究

以喀什芜菁为材料,利用显微镜技术,研究小孢子胚胎发生过程。试验结果表明,没有进行热激处理的小孢子主要是沿配子体途径发育,即从四分体,经由单核靠边期、双核期,发育成为成熟的花粉粒过程;33℃热激处理1~3 d后,小孢子改变发育途径,沿孢子体途径发育。部分小孢子出现细胞膨大,发生第一次有丝分裂分裂,形成2—细胞,2个子细胞之一发生垂直于子细胞壁方向的分裂,形成"T"型3—细胞原胚然后沿多细胞原胚、胚柄球形胚、鱼雷形胚、心形胚最终发育成子叶型胚。但随培养天数增加,大多数膨大的细胞不能分裂或分裂后停止发育。     

水温和盐度对尖鳍鲤胚胎发育的影响

水温和盐度对尖鳍鲤胚胎发育的影响赵俊，易祖盛，陈湘粦，王春（华南师范大学生物系，广州５１０６３１）尖鳍鲤（ＣｙｐｒｉｎｕｓａｃｕｔｉｄｏｒｓａｌｉｓＷａｎｇ，１９７６）是我国特有的能长期适应咸淡水生活的少数鲤科鱼类之一，其分布范围狭窄，种群数量较少。...     

鄱阳湖黄颡鱼胚胎发育观察

黄颡鱼 (Pseudobagrusfulvidraco)是江西各类型水域中常见的经济鱼类。我们对鄱阳湖黄颡鱼进行了人工繁殖及苗种培育 ,并对该鱼的胚胎发育进行了观察。本文就鄱阳湖黄颡鱼的胚胎发育观察结果报道如下 :1　材料和方法黄颡鱼亲鱼于 2 0 0 1年早春从鄱阳湖水系的江河、湖泊、水库和池塘等水体收集。选择纯种 ,体质健壮且已达性成熟的鱼作为繁殖用亲鱼专池培育。6月上旬 ,选择成熟度好的雌雄亲鱼以 1∶1配比进行催产。雌鱼催产剂量为 :LRH—A2 3～ 5 μg kg亲鱼重 +HCG80 0～ 12 0 0IU kg亲鱼重 +DOM 3～ 5mg kg亲鱼重 +催产灵 80 0～ 10 …     

单环刺Yi生活史研究

有关单环刺Ｙｉ发育周期的研究，国内外迄今未见专门报道，本文报道了烟台沿岸单环刺Ｙｉ早期胚胎发育，各期幼虫形态标志、幼Ｙｉ和成Ｙｉ的形态特征的研究结果。     

中华鲟胚胎发育的研究

<正> 国内外学者对多种鱼类的胚胎发育做过大量工作。苏联鱼类学家A·C·金兹堡和T·A·杰特拉费(1954,1958)对闪光鲟、俄罗斯鲟和欧洲鳇等鲟科鱼类胚胎发育做过深入细致的研究。我国四川省长江水产资源调查组和长江水产研究所(1976)对中华鲟胚胎发育进行了初步观察,西南师范学院苏良栋(1980)和四川省合川水产学校周仰璟(1981)对中华鲟胚胎发育做过初步研究。     

河蟹胚胎发育不同步现象的初步观察

本文对河蟹受精卵胚胎发育不同步现象进行了探讨，认为河蟹受精卵胚胎发育不同步与低积温程度不足有关；种蟹交配前或抱卵后接受低温刺激均能有效提高受精卵的胚胎发育同步率。     

长吻鮠胚胎和胚后发育与温度的关系

鱼类的胚胎发育(embryonic development)与水温具有十分密切的关系。国内外一些学者先后探讨了鲤鱼(Cyprinus caripo)、湖红点鲑(Salvelimus namaycush)等多种鱼类发育的有效温度、最适温度和临界温度,以及鱼类胚胎对水温的敏感性、依从性等内容。     

盐度对黄鲷胚胎发育及早期仔鱼生长的影响

The effect of salinity on embryo and early larva development of Dentex tumiforns was discussed. Floating forms of egg in different salinities, optimal salinity for embryonic development and early larva growth was studied. The results showed: 1. In immobile condition, all eggs sank at salinity of 32.0, most of egg ssuspended in the middle of water at 34.0, and all eggs floated on the surface when salinity above 36.0. 2. Eggs did not hatch out at salinity of below 10.0 or above 60.0 and the death time of egg gradually moved up with increase or decline of salinity. Eggs hatched out at salinity range of 15.0 and 50.0, including abnormal larva. There was indistinct difference in speed of embryonic development (about 36-40h) within the salinity of 15.0 and 50.0. However the salinity had a great effect on larval survival after hatching and abnormal rate. The relation between hatching rate and salinity variation showed parabola but abnormal rate showed inverted parabola. The hatching rate was 81%-86% and abnormal rate of yolk sac larva was 27%-30% in suitable salinities of 27.0-39.0. The hatching rate was 89%-91% and abnormal rate was 13%-16% in optimal salinities of 33.0-36.0. The oil ball of abnormal larva was located in the central or front position. With increased extent of salinity, spondyle of larva bended and number of larva with arrhythmia increased. 3. The optimal salinities were 30.0-35.0 based on SAI. The test with SAI showed that SAI of early larvae was 41.25-47.53 at salinities of 30.0-35.0, the yolk and oil ball of 7-8 days larva was completely absorbed with a survival rate of 88%.     

斜带石斑鱼胚胎及仔稚幼鱼形态发育

对斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)的胚胎及仔稚幼鱼形态发育进行了观察与研究,详细描述从受精卵到初孵仔鱼的28个具体发育时期的形态特征和发育时间。根据研究观察结果,将斜带石斑鱼胚胎发育划分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期和器官形成期。在水温(25±0.5)℃、盐度31.0p、H 7.8的海水中,斜带石斑鱼胚胎历时28 h 30 min完成整个胚胎发育孵化出膜。胚后发育主要根据卵黄囊、腹鳍棘及第二背鳍棘、鳞片、体色的变化分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期、幼鱼期。仔鱼期根据卵黄囊的有无又分为早期仔鱼和晚期仔鱼。在水温24.5~29.2℃,盐度28.8~33.5,pH 7.5~8.5的海水中,培育至36 d,发育最快的斜带石斑鱼结束仔鱼期进入稚鱼期;培育至42 d,发育最快的稚鱼完成变态,成为幼鱼。斜带石斑鱼胚后发育过程中最明显的变化是腹鳍棘与第二背鳍棘以及鳍棘上小刺的长出与收回。