高效凝胶过滤色谱法测定肽的相对分子量分布

采用高效凝胶过滤色谱法,对肽粉、酵母核苷酸和自溶酵母粉三种肽类产品的相对分子量大小及分布进行了测定。结果表明,此三种产品的相对分子量分布范围集中在2000Da以下,寡肽含量丰富,其中含有一定量的游离氨基酸和氨基酸残基。该方法简便快捷、准确性高、重复性好,适合肽类产品分子量(<1 0KD)分布的分析检测。     

妊娠早期蒙古绵羊子宫内膜enJSRV及IFN-τ基因表达水平的分析

本研究旨在检测内源性绵羊肺腺瘤反转录病毒(enJSRV)与干扰素-τ(IFN-τ)在妊娠早期蒙古绵羊子宫内膜组织的表达以及enJSRV的表达与外周血孕酮水平变化的关系。运用TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR技术和电化学发光法对enJSRV和IFN-τ在妊娠早期蒙古绵羊子宫内膜组织相对表达及孕酮水平进行了测定。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,enJSRV和IFN-τmRNA在妊娠早期绵羊子宫内膜组织有不同程度的表达。SAS统计学软件分析得出,子宫内膜组织中enJSRV mRNA在妊娠12～14d(交配日为0d)表达较高,2～10、16～30d的表达均低于前者。IFN-τmRNA仅在妊娠12～25d表达,14d达其峰值,30d就不能检出,且差异都极显著(P<0.01)。电化学发光法结果显示,孕酮水平在妊娠2d为0.4ng·mL-1,以后升高,妊娠8～16d维持在8.3ng·mL-1左右,在妊娠19～30d孕酮水平有所下降,30d为2.5ng·mL-1。以上结果提示,子宫内膜组织中enJSRV mRNA的表达与外周血孕酮含量及IFN-τ的变化高度相关,且enJSRV在胎盘的形态发生及生殖生物学方面发挥重要作用。     

Simulation of pressure caused by multiplication and swelling of Erwinia amylovora in intercellular space of host tissue

WhenErwinia amylovora grows, in an intercellular space of a host, and fills this space, further multiplication or swelling may create a pressure, and may cause tearing of host tissue. Theoretically, this bacterial pressure equals the actual water potential of the host tissue minus the water potential at which the bacterial biomass would completely fill the intercellular space, but without exerting pressure.Simulation runs indicate that, when the pressure increases, the extracellular slime ofE. amylovora shrinks by releasing water, thus allowing further production of bacterial dry matter. The slime remains around the bacterial cells as a dense substance, low in water content, having a strong capacity to swell when the pressure induces tearing apart of the host tissue. Simulation runs show that the pressure attains its highest values at evening and night.Some fire blight symptoms that illustrate the evidence of bacterial pressure are discussed.     

空气相对湿度对粘虫飞翔活动的影响

在室内条件下，系统研究了粘早蛾飞翔活动与温度的关系，试验结果表明，空气相对湿度对粘虫蛾的翔活动具有显著影响，干燥或极端潮湿的条件均不利于粘虫飞翔活动，适宜的空气相对湿度为７０％－８５％。在蛾龄或温度不同的情况下，湿度对其飞翔活动的影响是一致的。在不同相对温度下由飞翔活动造成的体重和水分损失随温度的增加而减少，且蛾龄越低其损耗愈重。另外，根据测试结果讨论了粘虫在自然情况下迁悦时的空间位置等问题。     

反刍家畜粗饲料品质评定的指标及其应用比较

本文结合笔者的研究结果就评定粗饲料品质的单项指标粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、消化率与动物的粗饲料干物质随意采食量以及综合指标粗饲料相对值(RFV)、粗饲料分级指数(GI)在粗饲料品质评定上的应用进行了比较,指出:上述各单项指标并不能客观地反映粗饲料的品质,应使用综合指标。由于GI考虑了粗饲料中的能氮互作,对粗饲料的分级比RFV更精确。     

披碱草野生种质材料芽期耐盐性研究

通过对20份来自不同地区的披碱草野生种质材料在0、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%浓度盐胁迫下的相对发芽率、相对发芽势、致死浓度等指标的综合评价,筛选出耐盐材料4份(G8、G17、G18、G19),分别来自甘肃古浪县、山西沁源、甘肃古浪县、山西五台山;敏盐材料3份(G2、G3、G5),分别来自北京百花山、北京灵山、新疆吉阜康白杨沟;其他为中等耐盐材料。     

Effect of road density on abundance of white-footed mice

While several studies have demonstrated that roads can act as barriers to small mammal movement, the relationship between road density and small mammal abundance has not yet been investigated. In southeastern Ontario, Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mice) suffer high over-winter mortality rates, resulting in small springtime populations and frequent local extinctions. Peromyscus leucopus movement is known to be inhibited by roads, which should result in lower rates of immigration into and recolonization of habitats in landscapes with high road density. We tested two predictions: (1) Forest sites situated in landscapes with high road densities have a higher chance of P. leucopus being absent during the early spring than forest sites situated in landscapes with low road densities and (2) P. leucopus populations during the summer are smaller in forest sites situated in landscapes with high road densities than in landscapes with low road densities. We sampled P. leucopus in focal patches within nineteen landscapes (7 rural, low-road-density landscapes; 7 rural, high-road-density landscapes; 5 urban landscapes). There was no significant relationship between road density and the presence/absence of P. leucopus during the early spring. We found a significant positive effect of road density on P. leucopus relative abundance during the summer, even when we excluded the urban landscapes and based the analysis on only the 14 rural landscapes. Our results suggest that any negative effect of roads on P. leucopus populations, created by their inhibition to moving across roads, is far outweighed by some positive effect of roads on P. leucopus abundance. We suggest that the two most likely explanations are that roads are positively correlated with an important as-yet-undetermined component of habitat quality, or that roads positively affect P. leucopus by negatively affecting their predators.     

辽西地区相对资源承载力与可持续发展研究

本文讨论并改进了相对资源承载力的概念、研究思路和计算方法,选择具有代表性的辽西地区,实证分析1988—2004年辽西地区相对土地资源承载力、相对经济资源承载力、相对生活水平承载力和综合承载力的演变和空间差异,预测2010年和2015年辽西地区的人口超载规模,分析辽西地区相对资源承载力存在问题的原因,提出辽西地区实现可持续发展的对策。     

抗三氟氯氰菊酯棉铃虫种群相对适合度研究

应用经三氟氯氰菊酯汰选的棉铃虫种群,在室内条件下分别研究了抗性、敏感及杂交Ｆ_１代（ＲＳ和ＳＲ）基因型相对适合度。结果表明,抗性基因型在产卵量、卵孵化率、幼虫及蛹历期和成虫存活期等方面与敏感基因型相比较存在明显的不利性;与敏感基因型相比,抗性基因型只有０.４５的适合度,ＲＳ和ＳＲ基因型的相对适合度分别为１.１４和１.０８。