人类表皮生长因子受体2蛋白在宫颈癌组织中的表达及意义

目的观察宫颈癌组织中人类表皮生长因子受体2（HER-2/neu）蛋白表达及其在宫颈癌发生发展中的作用。方法应用免疫组织化学方法检测20例正常宫颈组织、30例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（CINⅠ-Ⅲ）和50例宫颈癌组织中HER-2/neu蛋白表达。结果宫颈癌组织中HER-2/neu蛋白表达显著高于宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（P〈0.01）,正常宫颈组织未见阳性表达;宫颈癌组织中HER-2/neu蛋白表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、临床分期密切相关（P〈0.05）。结论 HER-2/neu蛋白表达上调可能在宫颈癌发生发展中起重要作用。     

美洲大蠊对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝功能的影响

[目的]探讨美洲大蠊对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝功能的影响。[方法]采用腹腔注射猪血清法诱导大鼠免疫性肝纤维化模型,在造模的同时分别用不同剂量的受试药物(美洲大蠊总提取物和美蠊氨)干预,以秋水仙碱为阳性对照药,分别于试验第4周和第12周结束时取血检测血清中ALT(谷丙转氨酶)、AST(谷草转氨酶)和TBIL(总胆红素)的含量,并在第12周结束时处死大鼠,取肝脏称重并计算肝脏指数。[结果]试验4周后,美洲大蠊总提取物能明显降低大鼠血清中ALT、AST、TBIL的含量。试验12周后,美蠊氨能明显降低大鼠血清中ALT、AST、TBIL的含量,但此时美洲大蠊总提取物对3个指标的影响不大。[结论]美洲大蠊对免疫性肝纤维化具有一定的防治作用,能明显改善肝功能。     

肝癌细胞靶向肽的筛选与鉴定

利用噬菌体环七肽库筛选与肝癌细胞特异性结合的多肽,并对其亲和力进行生物学鉴定。以HL-7702为消减细胞,HepG2为筛选靶细胞,对噬菌体随机环七肽库进行4轮全细胞消减筛选,并随机挑取60个阳性噬菌体克隆,以ELISA法鉴定其与HepG2细胞的结合活性,并取阳性克隆进行测序分析,并合成多肽进行免疫细胞化学染色鉴定。经4轮筛选,噬菌体在靶细胞HepG2上出现明显富集;利用ELISA从随机挑选的60个噬菌体克隆中得到15个与肝癌细胞具有高结合力的阳性克隆,测序并进行序列分析比对发现氨基酸序列无同源性,经免疫细胞化学染色鉴定后,发现1条多肽序列亲和力较高,为提高抗菌肽对肿瘤细胞的靶向杀伤作用奠定基础。     

犬基底细胞癌的病理组织学观察

基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma,BCC)是一种常见的低度皮肤恶性肿瘤,又名基底细胞上皮癌、基底细胞癌和侵蚀性溃疡。本文主要探讨皮肤基底细胞癌的临床病理诊断和鉴别诊断要点,为提高基底细胞癌的诊治水平提供依据。通过病理组织学观察,皮肤破溃、出血,肿瘤细胞成团块状增生,由结缔组织分割为不规则小叶状。细胞呈梭形、多边形及近圆形;细胞核圆形,核膜清晰,有一明显核仁,有一定异形性,偶见分裂相,作为确诊基底细胞肉瘤的主要依据,并对疾病的处理和治疗方法进行了归纳和总结。     

p27基因在宫颈癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的：探讨肿瘤抑制基因p27在宫颈癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法（SP法）检测p27基因在62例官颈癌组织和20例正常官颈组织中的表达。结果：62例宫颈癌组织中,p27的阳性表达率为38．7％（24／62）;p27的阳性表达与宫颈病灶大小、临床分期、细胞分化程度、转移及预后有密切关系（P〈0．01或〈0．05）;与宫颈癌的病理类型及年龄无关（P〉0．05）。结论：p27基因的表达与宫颈癌的生长、浸润及淋巴结转移有关,其表达水平的高低可作为判断宫颈癌预后的重要指标之一。     

双歧杆菌完整肽聚糖的体外抗肿瘤作用及对大鼠大肠肿瘤的影响

目的：观察双歧杆菌完整肽聚糖（WPG）体外抗肿瘤作用及对大鼠大肠肿瘤的影响。方法：采用MTT法检测双歧杆菌WPG对人结肠癌细胞株LS-174T、人胃粘膜上皮细胞株GES-1的杀伤作用。以二甲肼（DMH）为诱发荆,观察双歧杆菌WPG对大鼠大肠肿瘤的防治作用;DMH诱癌及双歧杆菌WPG灌胃时间为18周,在第33周结束实验。结果：双歧杆菌WPG在体外对人结肠癌细胞株具有显著的选择性杀伤作用,体内给药可明显降低大鼠大肠肿瘤发生率（60％vs100％,P〈0．01）．但大肠癌平均个数及肿瘤体积指数的差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：双歧杆菌的WPG对DMH诱导的大鼠大肠肿瘤具有预防作用。     

应用抑制消减杂交技术克隆鼻咽癌转移调控基因

目的：分离并鉴定高低转移表型不同的人鼻咽癌细胞株差异表达cDNA序列,了解鼻咽癌转移抑制基因或具有抑制活性的核苷酸序列。方法：以具有高低转移潜能不同的人鼻咽癌细胞株为研究对象,应用抑制消减杂交技术（suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH）和T／A克隆法构建差异表达cDNA消减文库,对差异表达的cDNA进行测序和生物信息学分析。结果：成功构建人鼻咽癌细胞克隆株差异表达cDNA消减文库,从随机测序10个克隆中获得6个在低转移鼻咽癌细胞株中高表达cDNA序列,它们都与已知的人类基因片段具有高度同源性。结论：应用抑制消减杂交技术,从一对具有高低转移表型差异的鼻咽癌细胞株中获得6条可能与肿瘤转移抑制相关的cDNA序列,它们可能在维持肿瘤细胞的稳定和抑制肿瘤转移中起重要作用。     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF BASIHYOID ECTOPIC THYROID CARCINOMA IN DOGS

Eight dogs with a firm, nonpainful swelling in the ventral laryngeal region and with a final diagnosis of ectopic thyroid carcinoma were investigated by Computed Tomography (CT) at six different institutions. Computed Tomography findings were reviewed, focusing on lesion volume, shape, margins, relationship with surrounding structures and adjacent vessels, attenuation characteristics, and presence of metastases. Ectopic thyroid carcinomas were seen as oval‐to‐bilobed masses centered on the basihyoid bone with associated bone lysis, highly vascularized capsules with central poorly contrast enhancing areas. In all cases there was laryngeal wall infiltration, in two dogs invasion of the laryngeal lumen and in one case invasion of the ventral muscular and subcutaneous plane. Metastases were found in retropharyngeal lymph nodes (three cases) and in the lung (two cases). Ectopic thyroid carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a mass in the basihyoid region is present. Described CT features may be typical for ectopic thyroid neoplasia and could be used to help decide the therapeutic plan.     

Streptococcus suis type 2 infections in pigs in the Netherlands (part two)

Summary

Since 1983 some pig breeding and fattening farms in the Netherlands have been faced with a considerable mortality in pigs due to Streptococcus suis type 2 infections. The most predominant clinical feature of S. suis type 2 infection is meningitis, although sudden deaths often occur. It was noted that some affected farms had imported breeding stock from the United Kingdom.

Tonsils of slaughter pigs were collected from herds with and without a history of S. suis type 2 infections. Bacteriological examination was done by using an elective‐selective medium. No significant difference was found in carrier rates of S. suis type 2 between clinically healthy and affected herds (38% vs. 45%).

A cohort study was carried out by regular bacteriological examination of tonsil biopsies on a farm with a high incidence of streptococcal meningitis. Twenty‐seven percent of the pigs were carriers of S. suis type 2 at nine weeks of age. Possible methods for disease control are discussed.