犬皮肤基底细胞癌病例

皮肤基底细胞癌（basal cell carcinoma，BCC）是来源于皮肤或附件基底细胞的一种肿瘤，发展缓慢，呈浸润性生长，很少有血管和淋巴管转移。人医对于皮肤基底细胞癌的诊断与治疗已经是非常常见，而兽医对其报道的却很少。现将我院遇到的一例犬的皮肤基底细胞癌病例，就其治疗与诊断过程介绍如下。     

犬低分化鳞状细胞癌的病理特点

运用病理组织学方法,观察了3例犬低分化鳞癌的病理特点,结果显示,在犬低分化鳞状细胞癌组织中,癌细胞类似于棘细胞、基底细胞,癌组织中形成癌腔,在一些癌腔内可见角化不全细胞,无癌珠形成。癌腔是低分化鳞状细胞癌的病理特点之一,可作为诊断低分化鳞状细胞癌的依据。     

金毛巡回猎犬体表多发性肿瘤的病理分析

对金毛巡回猎犬的体表多处肿物采用临床检查、血常规、血生化、X射线检查,对切除后的肿物进行病理组织学分析。结果：颈背部肿物组织为黑褐色有包囊团块,脚趾部肿物组织为黑色松果样增生物;观察病理组织切片可见大量基底细胞和黑色素细胞变异增生,颈背部组织由表示恶化程度较高的基底细胞癌癌巢形成,并可见大量黑色素细胞和黑色素颗粒,脚趾处组织可见黑色素瘤细胞大小不等、排列不整齐,有的成漩涡状,有的呈梭形、束状。根据临床症状、实验室检测结果、病理组织学分析,该犬颈背部肿物为色素型基底细胞癌,脚趾处肿物为恶性黑色素瘤。     

犬倒置性毛囊角化病的病理学观察

倒置性毛囊角化病(inverted follicular kerato-sis)是一种良性皮肤病变。由于过去对此病认识不足,临床常易误诊为基底细胞癌、恶性黑色素瘤、寻常疣等肿瘤。病理组织学检查又易误诊为鳞状细胞癌、脂溢性角化病及毛母质瘤等,误诊率较高。2011年本实验室在接诊的病例中发现1例倒置性毛囊角化病,报告如下。1材料与方法     

38例犬肿瘤的病理诊断及分析

收集深圳市2010年－2012年部分宠物医院的犬肿瘤病例41例，采用组织病理学方法对犬肿瘤病例进行组织学分类，并对患病动物的年龄、性别和发生部位进行了统计分析。38例确诊肿瘤病例中，皮肤肿瘤有19例，包括鳞状细胞癌4例、基底细胞癌5例、乳头状瘤3例，皮脂腺瘤和肛周腺癌各2例，脂肪瘤、黑色素瘤、角化棘皮瘤各1例；乳腺肿瘤9例，包括乳腺癌3例、乳腺鳞状细胞癌2例、乳腺癌肉瘤2例、黏液癌1例，患犬以雌性为主；其他部位肿瘤分别有纤维肉瘤2例，血管瘤、肺癌、淋巴瘤、睾丸精原细胞瘤、睾丸支柱细胞瘤、组织细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、乳头状瘤各1例。上述结果显示，犬肿瘤的高发部位是皮肤，其次是乳腺，其发生年龄以7岁以上为多，在发病动物的品种上没有明显差别；除乳腺肿瘤外，其余肿瘤的性别差异不大。本研究为犬肿瘤的流行病学及诊断提供了参考依据。     

猫基底细胞癌的组织病理学观察

基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma,BCC)是一种常见的低度皮肤恶性肿瘤,又称基底细胞上皮瘤。其特征是发展缓慢,可破坏局部软组织,但极少发生转移。该病多发生于皮肤表皮的基底细胞层,是家畜中常见肿瘤,以犬、猫特别是6岁以上者多见。据研究资料报道,此病约占犬皮肤肿瘤性疾病的     

澳美种公羊皮肤底细胞癌病例

澳美种公羊皮肤底细胞癌病例杨昌唐正稳梁万才王志文孙景才（大庆市三环企业集团总公司·１６３３１１）杨贵君周志勇（东北农业大学动物医学系皮肤基底细胞癌是皮肤表皮来源的一种恶性肿瘤，以狗发生率最高，牛、猫、绵羊、马等均见有报道，本文系澳美强毛型种公羊发生皮...     

肉用家畜七种少见肿瘤病例的介绍

本文报道了从上海地区屠宰的肉用动物中检出7个罕见肿瘤病例,它们是黄牛何杰金氏病、黄牛肾上腺交感神经母细胞瘤、奶牛卵巢含睾丸母细胞瘤、猪软骨肉瘤、猪卵巢粘液性腺癌(印戒细胞癌),猪皮肤鳞状细胞癌、猪皮肤汗腺瘤癌变。描述了其病理形态,并讨论了有关组织来源和鉴别诊断的问题。     

犬毛母质瘤的细胞学特征

犬毛母质瘤是皮肤基底细胞发生的良性肿瘤,在临床上非常罕见,占皮肤活检病例的1%,其细胞学特征主要为基底细胞和影细胞。人医在毛母质瘤细针穿刺细胞学检查在临床上有较高的诊断率,但笔者收治的一例犬毛母质瘤,有大量黑素颗粒和淋巴细胞,容易和黑色素瘤、转移性淋巴瘤混淆,从细胞学检查很难确定为毛母质瘤,组织病理学检查确定为毛母质瘤。     

杜洛克病理皮肤组织结构观察及研究

阿拉尔十二团万头猪场一头新生仔猪发生一起皮肤病变,表现为背臀部皮肤不同程度白斑、脱屑、脱毛、结痂等现象。为了探究引起杜洛克背臀部皮肤病变的可能原因,手术切取背臀部病变部位皮肤并制作成石蜡切片,皮肤切片经苏木精-伊红染色(HE染色)后用于显微镜观察,分析病理皮肤组织结构变化。显微镜下观察表皮角质层变薄,棘细胞层增宽,表皮突变宽或向下延伸。真皮网状层胶原纤维排列不整齐,走向凌乱且结构不清晰,皮肤附属器减少或萎缩,有炎性细胞浸润,血管腔增大内含大量红细胞。本病疑似基底细胞癌早期,确诊此病还需要做更进一步的研究。     

Clinicopathologic and electron microscopic study of cutaneous neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma in a cat with comparisons to human and canine tumors

Malignant neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin (Merkel cell tumor) was diagnosed in an 18-year-old spayed female Maine Coon Cat. The diagnosis was made on the basis of morphologic and electron microscopic findings. The cat was euthanatized 321 days after surgical excision of the tumor. The tumor's malignancy contrasted with the benign nature of Merkel cell tumors reported in dogs and was consistent with the malignancy of Merkel cell tumors reported in humans.     

Cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma with dual CD3 and c‐kit expression in a dog

An 11‐year‐old 8.9‐kg spayed female Boston Terrier was presented for evaluation of a mucocutaneous tumor on the right side of the upper lip that had been biopsied (punch biopsy) by the referring veterinarian. The histologic diagnosis was poorly differentiated round cell tumor involving the submucosa with patchy involvement of the mucosa. On presentation of the dog to Louisiana State University, the tumor was found to involve the mucosa and haired skin surface of the right upper lip. A fine‐needle aspirate of the right mandibular lymph node contained atypical poorly differentiated round cells similar to those in the histologic sections. To further characterize the tumor, immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor on the lip was performed; tumor cells were strongly immunoreactive for both CD3 and c‐kit in a cytoplasmic to membranous pattern, with CD3 expression having a more intense membranous component. The diagnosis was cutaneous epitheliotropic T‐cell lymphoma with co‐expression of CD3 and c‐kit by neoplastic lymphocytes, an unusual finding. As receptor tyrosine kinases can be attractive targets for cancer treatment, expression of these molecular targets in tumors is a promising subject of future research.     

Paratracheal cervical mass in a dog

A 14-year-old female Welsh Terrier was presented for evaluation of multiple skin masses. Two of them were diagnosed as a follicular (epidermal) cyst and a sebaceous epithelioma by cytology and histopathology. The third mass was located in the subcutis adjacent to the cervical trachea. Clinical findings, thoracic radiography, and laboratory results were otherwise unremarkable. Cytologically, the cervical mass was characterized by the presence of round to polygonal cells with distinct cell borders, mild to moderate anisocytosis, round to oval eccentric nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and a variable amount of finely granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm. Differential diagnoses included endocrine/neuroendocrine tumors such as thyroid adenocarcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, carotid body chemodectoma, and parathyroid carcinoma. The mass was removed surgically and submitted for histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination. Histologically, the mass was composed of rows and nests of densely packed cells separated by thin fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic cells had moderate to large amounts of pale eosinophilic dusty or finely vacuolated cytoplasm and round to oval nuclei with finely dispersed chromatin and 1 or 2 small nucleoli. On immunohistochemistry, neoplastic cells were positive for chromogranin A, calcitonin, and neuron-specific enolase, and were negative for cytokeratin and thyroglobulin. The final diagnosis was medullary thyroid carcinoma, an uncommon endocrine tumor of dogs that has cytologic and histopathologic features similar to other endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors. Immunohistochemistry or immunocytochemistry should be performed to differentiate medullary thyroid carcinoma from other endocrine/neuroendocrine tumors of dogs.     

Chromatophoroma in a crevice kelpfish (Gibbonsia montereyensis)

A captive adult crevice kelpfish, Gibbonsia montereyensis, developed a cutaneous mass, approximately 9 × 7 mm on the right side of the head in an area of nonscaled skin. Following surgical debulking, examination of both impression smears and histologic sections of the tumor revealed a predominant population of round to spindloid to polygonal cells with a moderate amount of lightly basophilic cytoplasm. The cytoplasm was filled with round, variably-sized reddish-brown granules that often obscured the nucleus. Nuclei were round to ovoid with coarsely granular chromatin. There was minimal anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. The cytoplasmic granules in histologic sections were weakly positive by the Fontana-Masson method, and staining was eliminated with melanin bleach. Immunohistochemical staining was strongly positive with a murine monoclonal antibody for melan A. As the specificity of melan A for melanophores is not clearly defined in nonmammalian species, the tumor was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Melanophores were not detected. Instead, neoplastic cells were filled with numerous intracytoplasmic organelles with triple-limiting membranes composed of concentric lamellae; these structures were most compatible with pterinosomes, which are the pigment-containing organelles of cells called xanthophores and erythrophores. As both of these organelles are ultrastructurally indistinguishable and as kelpfish skin is known to contain both xanthophores and erythrophores, a diagnosis of a mixed pigment cell tumor or chromatophoroma was made. As the tumor was grossly reddish-brown, the possibility of a neoplastic population of only erythrophores could not be excluded. Pigment cell tumors, arising from cells of the embryonic neural crest, are common in reptiles and bony fish.     

2例犬皮肤肥大细胞瘤细胞学与病理组织学观察

为了确定细胞学检查在犬皮肤肥大细胞瘤诊断中的诊断意义,采取细胞学检查和病理组织学检查相结合的方法对2例犬皮肤肥大细胞瘤临床病例进行诊断。结果显示：细胞学检查结果与病理组织学检查结果相符。由此可以得出,在犬皮肤肥大细胞瘤的诊断中,细胞学检查具有一定的诊断价值,为肿瘤的性质及分化程度分级提供参考,为该病临床诊断提供了一种新的辅助方法。     

Extensive cutaneous metastases in a dog with duodenal adenocarcinoma

Abstract: A 6-year-old Rottweiler was presented to the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine for evaluation of multiple cutaneous nodules. The dog had a history of anorexia, vomiting, and hind-limb paraplegia. Results of cytologic examination of the cutaneous nodules were consistent with a round cell tumor. At necropsy, primary tumors were found coalescing in the duodenum and the pancreas and extending into the associated mesentery. Numerous masses also were found throughout the skin, abdominal and thoracic viscera, and lumbar spinal cord. Histologically, the duodenal tumor had variable morphology, with some areas resembling adenocarcinoma and others resembling anaplastic round cell neoplasia; the skin and other metastatic lesions resembled round cell neoplasia. Immunohistochemistry of the cutaneous, duodenal, and pancreatic masses showed the neoplastic cells were positive for pancytokeratin, supporting an epithelial origin. In addition, low numbers of neoplastic cells were positive for periodic acid-Schiff and Alcian blue, consistent with acid mucin production by duodenal epithelium. These findings confirmed that the cutaneous nodules were metastatic lesions originating from the duodenal adenocarcinoma. Cutaneous metastasis of intestinal carcinoma is rare in domestic animals. This case demonstrates the potential difficulty in diagnosing metastatic lesions based on cytologic and histologic morphology alone, because the cutaneous metastases may not resemble the primary neoplasm morphologically.     

Cutaneous neoplasms in pet rabbits: a retrospective study

Over a 16-year period, 190 tumors and tumorlike lesions from 179 pet rabbits were submitted for histopathologic examination. A total of 23 different tumor types and 1 tumorlike lesion were diagnosed. The most common diagnoses were trichoblastoma, collagenous hamartoma, and Shope fibroma. Viral-induced tumors were Shope fibroma (19) and Shope papilloma (2). Common nonviral epithelial tumors included trichoblastoma (59), squamous cell carcinoma (5), squamous papilloma (4), trichoepithelioma (3), and apocrine carcinoma (3). Common mesenchymal tumors were lipoma (10), liposarcoma (3), myxosarcoma (9), malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (8), fibrosarcoma (7), and leiomyosarcoma (4). Malignant melanoma was diagnosed in 8 rabbits. Collagenous hamartomas were diagnosed in 26 rabbits. Mesenchymal proliferations occurred significantly more often in male rabbits than in females. Collagenous hamartomas and myxosarcomas occurred exclusively in male animals, and 3 rabbits had multiple collagenous hamartomas. Immunohistochemistry was applied in cases in which a definite diagnosis could not be reached on hematoxylin and eosin slides. Follow-up information was received in 19 cases. Carcinomas recurred (2 of 3) or metastasized (1 of 3), whereas sarcomas frequently recurred (7 of 12). One malignant melanoma (1 of 3) and one poorly differentiated round cell neoplasm recurred (1 of 1). This is the first comprehensive retrospective analysis on skin neoplasia in pet rabbits.     

Squamous cell carcinoma and suspect peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a 10-year-old Paint horse

A round mass 4 cm in diameter was present on the proximal rostro-lateral border of the right pinna of a 10-year-old, gelded, Paint horse. A preliminary histopathological diagnosis of a potential squamous cell carcinoma and peripheral nerve sheath tumor was made, and the lesion was resected at the base of the lateral edge of the ear.     

A case of papillary squamous cell carcinoma in the mandible of a young French bulldog

A 7-month-old castrated French bulldog was presented with a left-sided mandibular tumor. The initial tumor biopsy diagnosis was ameloblastoma. The owner brought this dog the Kitasato University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for more detailed examination and treatment. Computed tomography revealed a tumor on the left lateral mandibular gingiva from the caudal third of the incisor tooth to the right canine tooth, associated with severe amorphous osteolysis of the mandibular bone. The tumor was surgically excised and diagnosed as papillary squamous cell carcinoma. Currently, 2514 d (6.9 y) since the operation, the dog is healthy, without recurrence.Key clinical message:Although papillary squamous cell carcinoma is rare, many cases have been reported in the oral cavity of medium-to large-sized dogs. Based on this report, papillary squamous cell carcinoma can occur in small dogs such as young French bulldogs and a good prognosis can be achieved with proper resection.