Review of Trends in Strawberry Research from 1960 to 2016

A review of publications on “Strawberry” was done by using the Scopus database for the period 1960–2016. A total of 10,400 articles were found in the database and analyzed using a variety of measures. Results show that publication increased exponentially from 1960 to 2016. Multiple authors are collaborating in strawberry research. Acta Horticulturae was the most productive journal. The United States of America was the most productive country. The greatest portion of the research was concerned with medicinal benefits of strawberries to humans. This work will be useful to researchers in identifying trends in strawberry research.     

A simple,low‐cost technique for in situ measurement of leaf P concentration in field‐grown rice

Simple tools for diagnosing crop nutritional status are in great demand by agricultural extension staff, particularly in low‐fertility environments. We developed the first practical method for in situ diagnosis of phosphorus (P) nutrition in field‐grown cereal crops by using a handheld colorimeter. The concentration of P in extracts from fresh leaves of lowland rice grown under various P availabilities was closely correlated with that of oven‐dried leaves measured with the standard molybdenum‐blue method in the laboratory, over a range of values from 0.319 to 1.420 mg P g ^?1 DW (r = 0.885^**, n = 14). It takes only 3–5 min to estimate the P concentration of plant samples using the new technique. Although not as accurate as the laboratory method, the new method can easily detect P deficiency of rice in the field (and possibly other cereal crops) without requiring costly, off‐site equipment. Thus, extension staff and agronomists can easily adopt this technique.     

崖柏组织培养初探

以崖柏茎段为外植体,MS为基本培养基,探讨0.1%升汞不同消毒时间对外植体消毒效果;不同盐浓度的培养基对外植体生长的影响。结果表明:0.1%升汞消毒12 min污染率最低,杀伤率低,表面灭菌效果最好;1/2MS培养基上培养愈伤组织长势效果最好。     

用于土壤侵蚀试验的降雨模拟器研究进展

述评悬线式、针头式、管网式、喷头式4种降雨模拟器的特性及其应用现状与前景。悬线式和针头式降雨模拟器具有降雨强度下限低、均匀性好等优点,但在模拟降雨时,控制面积小,雨滴粒径偏大而且单一,所以应用渐少。管网式与喷头式降雨模拟器所产生的雨滴粒径与能量分布与天然降雨更为接近,广泛应用于土壤侵蚀试验研究中。目前,智能化、自动化、大型化的降雨模拟大厅不断涌现,同时根据雨滴发生基本原理搭建的手控、简易的降雨模拟器仍有其强大的生命力。     

Soils are back on the global agenda

In the 1990s and early 2000s, there was widespread pessimism on the status of soil science in most parts of the world. This was mainly due to dwindling research budgets, reduced number of students and the overall perception that soil science and pedology were dead and buried. Renewed interest in agriculture for food, feed and fuel has brought soils back onto the global research agenda. Soil erosion, nutrient depletion and pollution are key issues brought up in many recent reports by UN and other international organizations. The need for up‐to‐date and fine resolution soil information and the revival of soil research is highlighted and prioritized in several studies. There is increased interest in soils in the popular press and media, and soils have entered the policy arena. For the global soil science community, there are challenges ahead and there is a direct need to educate a new generation of soil scientists.     

施肥水平对冬小麦田土壤水分影响的模拟

在模拟精度验证基础上,应用WinEPIC模型模拟研究了黄土高原长武早塬地1957～2001年期间不同肥力水平下连作冬小麦田的土壤干燥化效应.结果表明:4种肥力处理下连作冬小麦逐月土壤有效含水量均呈现波动性降低趋势,平均每年分别减少8.6、8.6、11.1和13.7 mm,无肥和低肥与中肥和高肥处理间土壤有效含水量差异十分显著,但无肥和低肥处理间无明显差异;在模拟初期出现了土壤湿度逐年降低、土壤干层逐年加厚的干燥化过程,在连作第5～8年以后均出现了稳定的土壤干层,无肥和低肥处理土壤干层均分布于2～3 m土层,中肥和高肥肥处理分别分布于2～4 m和2～5 m土层,随肥力和作物产量水平的提高,土壤干层厚度增厚;4种肥力处理麦田生产年度耗水量接近且呈现波动性缓慢降低趋势,但前1～4年中肥和高肥处理麦田共计较无肥处理麦田多耗水91和203 mm,长武旱塬地麦田土壤水分承载力为1.422～2.405 t/hm2,相应的肥力水平为N45～90 kg/hm2和P 15～30 kg/hm2.     

黑木耳的营养功效及其在食品行业的加工现状

黑木耳是一种药食两用的食用菌,富含木耳多糖、蛋白质、粗纤维、维生素B以及钙磷铁等微量元素,具有滋阴养血、补肝润肺、强体通便等功效。目前国内食品制造企业以天然种植黑木耳为主要原料,研制出了黑木耳饼干、黑木耳馒头、黑木耳果冻等深加工产品。本文对黑木耳的营养成分、活性功效以及食品深加工方面进行综述,为黑木耳高附加值产品的深度开发提供一定的参考。     

金如意黄山楂丰产管理技术研究

Objective To explore and seek the best solution for the suitable high-yield tree shape and planting mode, fertilizer selection, chemical selection and other technologies of Jin Ruyi yellow hawthorn, in order to fully demonstrate the early maturity of Jin Ruyi yellow hawthorn, golden peel, fragrant and sweet flesh, and good fresh food. The advantages of new varieties such as export, Yifengyin, etc., and at the same time obtain the best yield per unit area. Method to carry out high-yield cultivation technology research through different tree shape comparison experiments, planting mode comparison experiments, fertilizer comparison experiments, and chemical comparison experiment analysis. Completion it was concluded that the trunk-shaped high-light-efficiency tree shape was adopted, supplemented by ridge cultivation, determined planting density of 2m×4m, water-saving drip irrigation, application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, improved fruit setting rate, and green control of pests and other measures to optimize the configuration technology. The plan can realize the early high yield of Jinruyi yellow hawthorn with high quality and stable yield year after year.     

中国热带农业科学院所办企业发展初探

文章以中国热带农业科学院为例,总结了当前科研院所所办企业经营现状,剖析了当前科研院所所办企业普遍存在的主要问题及其原因,经过归类分析与总结,提出了推动当前科研院所所办企业改革发展的对策建议,以期为推动科研单位所办企业持续稳定健康发展提供借鉴。     

农业科研基地科普工作的思考

国家高度重视科学普及工作,致力于不断提升公众科学文化素质。作为科普教育的重要组成部分,农业科研基地科普工作对加快推进农业现代化,助力乡村振兴发挥着不可替代的作用。文章阐述了农业科研基地在农业科普工作中的重要地位与作用,剖析了当前农业科研基地科普工作存在的主要问题,并针对这些问题提出了深入推动农业科普工作的对策建议。