大石早生李幼树光合特性研究

采用红外线CO2分析仪对大石早生李幼树光合特性研究结果表明：大石早生李光饱和点为1820－2120μmol·m-2·s-1,光补偿点为75μmol·m-2·s-1。净光合速率的日变化呈“中午降低型”的双峰曲线,最大值出现;在上午9：30,次峰值出现在下午5：00;净光合速率的年周期变化为双峰曲线,最高峰出现在6月10日,净光合速率为19．2μmolCO2·m-2·s-1,次高峰出现在8月22日。不同品种的净光合速率维持在13．3～17．7μmolCO2·m－2·s－1之间,大石早生李与其它相比,品种净光合速率无明显差异。     

番茄叶片再生系统建立的研究

比较了不同基本培养基、不同激素及其不同浓度组合对4个番茄栽培品种叶片诱导愈伤组织、不定芽分化及其生根的效果.结果表明:MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L+IAA0.2mg/L+蔗糖30 mg/L(pH=5.8)对愈伤组织诱导及诱导愈伤组织分化不定芽的效果最佳;MS+IAA 0.1mg/L+蔗糖20mg/L培养基对生根最好。     

温度、投饵频次对海蜇碟状体生长的影响

实验室条件下,就温度和投饵频次对海蜇碟状体生长过程(伞径生长及活动灵敏度)的影响进行了研究。温度设置为17、21、25℃,投饵频次设置为0.5、1、2、3、4次/d,进行交叉实验。结果表明,温度、投饵频次对碟状体伞径生长的影响均十分显著,且二者的交互作用明显。温度、投饵频次与海蜇碟状体生长之间均存在正相关关系,但各温度下当饵料频次达到一定程度时,投饵频次的增加未对碟状体的平均日生长率产生差异,17℃时每天投饵1次,21℃、25℃时每天投饵2次即能满足碟状体正常生长发育的需求。温度、投饵频次对碟状体的收缩率影响均十分显著,二者的交互作用也很明显。温度与碟状体的收缩率之间成正相关关系,17~21℃时Q10值为2.74,21~25℃时Q10值为1.53,随温度的升高其灵敏度降低。综合本实验条件下的观察结果发现:饵料丰富(即投饵频次相对较高)时,高温(21~25℃)有利于碟状体的生长;饵料不足(即投饵频次相对较低)时,低温(17℃)也有利于碟状体的生长。     

低温胁迫下小麦幼穗中差异表达蛋白质的鉴定

为探究低温胁迫下小麦幼穗中胁迫响应差异表达蛋白,采用IEF/SDS-PAGE双向凝胶电泳及质谱技术,以低温敏感品种SW601和低温不敏感品种陇麦157为材料,对常温生长、0℃低温胁迫12h和72h的幼穗全蛋白进行了分析。结果表明,在pH 4~7时,SW601和陇麦157各处理幼穗蛋白图谱中均可重复检测到800~900个有效蛋白质点;低温胁迫12h、72h后,SW601和陇麦157中上调表达的蛋白点分别有120个和101个,下调表达的蛋白点分别有92个和60个。对2种胁迫处理下均差异表达且Ratio2的54个蛋白点进行质谱分析,成功鉴定出43个差异蛋白。经数据库搜索匹配和蛋白质鉴定,这43个差异蛋白分别属于胁迫应激/防御相关蛋白、光合作用蛋白、蛋白代谢相关蛋白、碳水化合物代谢相关蛋白、信号传导相关蛋白、能量产生和运输相关蛋白和未知功能蛋白等7类蛋白。其中,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、Cu/Zn超氧化物歧化酶和胚胎后期发育富集(LEA)同源蛋白14-A等蛋白的表达量在低温不敏感材料陇麦157中变化显著,而在低温敏感材料SW601中没有表达,这可能与小麦幼穗在低温逆境下的代谢调控和低温敏感特性有一定关系。     

Swimming depths of the giant jellyfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nemopilema nomurai</Emphasis> investigated using pop-up archival transmitting tags and ultrasonic pingers

The swimming depths of 12 individual Nemopilema nomurai with bell diameters of 0.8–1.6 m were investigated using pop-up archival transmitting tags and ultrasonic pingers, and the validity of the research method was evaluated. The N. nomurai studied frequently showed vertical movement, with the swimming depth ranging from 0 to 176 m, The mean swimming depths of most individuals were less than 40 m. The swimming depths of N. nomurai in the northern Japan Sea in the winter were mostly deeper than those of this species in the southern Japan Sea in the autumn. This result suggests that the range of the depths almost depends on the vertical structure of the ocean. Swimming depths during the nighttime were significantly deeper than those during the daytime. More specifically, during the daytime, the swimming depths in the afternoon tended to be shallower than those in the morning, while during the nighttime, the swimming depths after midnight were deeper than those before midnight.     

Evaluating Domestic Sheep Survival with Different Breeds of Livestock Guardian Dogs

Livestock guard dogs (LGDs; Canis familiaris) have been widely adopted by domestic sheep (Ovis aries) producers because they reduce predation by wild carnivores. LGDs were originally used in the United States to reduce coyote (Canis latrans) depredations, but their efficacy against a suite of large carnivores, including wolves (Canis lupus), brown bears (Ursus arctos), black bears (Ursus americanus), and cougars (Puma concolor), and whether specific breeds perform better than others remains unclear. To assess breed-specific effectiveness at reducing depredations from a suite of livestock predators, we compared survival rates of sheep protected by different breeds of LGDs, including three breeds from Europe (Turkish kangal, Bulgarian karakachan, and Portuguese cão de gado transmontano) and mixed-breed LGDs, “whitedog,” common in the United States. With the help of participating sheep producers, we collected cause-specific mortality data from domestic sheep in Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Wyoming between 2013 and 2016. All three of the novel breeds of LGD tested were associated with overall reductions in sheep depredation relative to whitedogs, ranging from 61% to 95% (P < 0.05). In terms of predator-specific effectiveness, the Turkish kangal was associated with decreases in depredation from cougars (e^β = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.10–0.94, P = 0.04), black bears (e^β = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.28–0.37, P < 0.01), and coyotes (e^β = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.35–0.90, P = 0.02). The Bulgarian karakachan was associated with a decrease in coyote depredations (e^β = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.01–0.49, P < 0.01). The Portuguese transmontano was not associated with significant reductions in depredation hazard for any specific predator. Although variations in breed-specific effectiveness were subtle and nuanced, these findings will help livestock producers and wildlife managers make tailored decisions about how best to incorporate different breeds of LGD into sheep grazing regimes.     

几种抗球虫药物对獭兔球虫感染和幼兔生长性能的影响

在福建省福安市某獭兔场共检测出16种艾美耳球虫,均为混合感染。选取210只断乳1周、球虫卵囊阳性的獭兔幼兔,随机分为7组,进行抗球虫药物试验。在抗球虫药物试验组中,2.5%妥曲珠利组的獭兔幼兔按有效剂量30 mg/kg体重、5%肠球双效(盐酸氨丙啉+胺喹噁啉钠)组和5%优球乐(癸氧喹酯)组按有效剂量50 mg/kg体重灌服,分为1次用药组和2次用药组;对照组灌服等量生理盐水。结果显示,妥曲珠利组獭兔幼兔用药后第1周,粪便中的球虫卵囊数(OPG值)比用药前减少78.39%,也显著低于其他药物组和对照组(P<0.01);用药后第2周,球虫OPG值比用药前减少88.35%,感染率也降至最低;用药后第8周,粪便中球虫OPG值比用药前减少92.99%。至用药后第8周,各试验组与对照组獭兔幼兔球虫OPG值均转归为相对较低水平,感染率则仍保持较高水平;妥曲珠利组獭兔幼兔死亡率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其他组间死亡率差异不显著;其平均增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比则显著低于对照组(P<0.05)、极显著低于5%肠球双效1次用药组(P<0.01)。     

目的论翻译原则下电影《狄仁杰之神都龙王》的字幕翻译探究

狄仁杰在武则天统治时期判决积案、疑案,纠正冤案、错案、假案,是我国历史上以廉洁勤政著称的清官.本文以2013年徐克导演的古装动作片《狄仁杰之神都龙王》为案例,探讨目的论翻译三原则下该影片中的字幕翻译.     

小蚕期打孔薄膜覆盖育对蚕室湿度要求的商讨

打孔薄膜覆盖育的桑叶保湿效果成于防干纸育，对蚕室湿度无需提高要求或者不需补温，只需在眠期适当补湿即可。     

钙调素拮抗剂TFP对低温胁迫下枇杷幼果AsA-GSH循环的影响

以3年生"早钟6号"枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)容器苗为试材,采用100.0 mmol/L钙调素拮抗剂三氟拉嗪(Trifluoperazine,TFP)的Hoagland营养液砂培法预处理24 h后,于-3℃人工气候室进行低温胁迫,研究钙调素拮抗剂TFP对低温胁迫下枇杷幼果AsA-GSH循环的影响。结果表明:TFP处理导致低温胁迫下枇杷幼果H2O2含量高于单一低温胁迫的LTS处理(Low Temperature Stress,LTS),而AsA和GSH含量低于LTS处理,且两者差异达显著水平(p<0.05);同时GR、DHAR、MDAR、APX活性也受到不同程度的抑制,其中对APX和GR活性的抑制作用较为明显。TFP预处理削弱了枇杷幼果低温胁迫后的抗氧化能力,加重了低温胁迫对幼果的伤害,表明低温胁迫下枇杷幼果的AsA-GSH循环受Ca2+.CaM信使系统的诱导和调控。