中国禽(番鸭)呼肠孤病毒YB株S4基因序列分析

应用非免疫番鸭胚增殖中国禽(番鸭)呼肠孤病毒YB分离株,用LSTRIAZOL提取病毒RNA,反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增中国禽(番鸭)呼肠孤病毒YB分离株S4基因节段cDNA.将S4cDNA克隆到PMDl8-T载体上,并进行了鉴定和核苷酸序列测定.序列分析结果,克隆的S4cDNA共1 124bp,包括非编码区和完整的阅读框架.分子进化系统分析表明该毒株与禽呼肠孤病毒(鸡呼肠孤病毒)的亲缘关系较远,DRV-YB与DRV-89330同缘率为93.3%.     

Association of aster yellows subgroup 16SrI-B phytoplasmas with a disease of Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea

A new phytoplasma disease of Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea was observed in the Czech Republic in 1998. Infected plants showing severely proliferating shoots, leaves reduced in size with vein clearing and chlorosis, shortened internodes and virescent petals died in advanced stages of the disease. Electron microscopy examination of the ultra-thin sections revealed the presence of numerous polymorphic bodies in phloem tissue of leaf midribs and petioles. The disease was successfully transmitted from infected plant via a dodder bridge into periwinkle ( Catharanthus roseus ). The phytoplasma aetiology of this disease was further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using universal primers R16F2/R16R2. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of amplification products indicated the presence of aster yellows related phytoplasmas (16SrI-B) in naturally infected samples of R. glutinosa var . purpurea and in symptomatic periwinkle after dodder transmission of the agent. A comparison of the amplified sequence with 17 sequences available in the GenBank confirmed the classification of the phytoplasma in the subgroup 16SrI-B. This is the first report of natural occurrence of phytoplasma-associated disease in R. glutinosa var. purpurea.     

Sequences of the 3′ Halves of the Genomes of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-PAV cpA Isolates that Vary in Symptom Severity

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)-PAV isolates from USA have been separated into two distinct clusters (Chay et al. (1996) Virology 219: 57–65; Chay et al. (1996) Phytopathology 86: 370–377). Following this finding we have shown that BYDV-PAV is divided into two groups cpA and cpB based on their coat protein gene sequence, and distinct host preferences (Mastari et al. (1998) Phytopathology 88: 818–821). We have sequenced the complete 3 half of the genomes of two lethal and two mild cpA isolates and compared them with those of several known PAV cpA isolates to assess variability and locate potential determinants of severity. Open reading frames (ORFs) 3, 4, 5, 6 and the 3 untranslated regions had different percent homologies between isolates: ORF5 (92–97%), ORF3 (88–98%) 3-translational enhancer (87–100%) ORF4 (85–99%), 3 untranslated region (72–97%) and ORF6 (61–99%). In contrast to the mild isolates, the field-lethal isolates (FHv1 and FHv2) fell into the same cluster, regardless of the genomic region analysed. The isolates FHv1 and FHv2 differed from mild isolates by eight amino acid substitutions in ORFs 3 and 4, and insertions in ORF5. Four amino acid substitutions in the 17-kDa protein encoded by ORF4 caused a change in local net charge in the field-lethal isolates. Two insertions of four amino acids were identified in the C-terminal half of ORF5 of the field-lethal isolates, but were not present systematically in all lethal isolates analysed. The potential relationships of these differences in predicted amino acid sequences to disease severity are discussed.     

实验室人工感染诱发猪瘟野毒垂直传播

利用2头人工感染中等毒力猪瘟野毒耐过猪进行配种,诱发了猪瘟野毒垂直传播.带毒母猪于带毒后171 d产下9头仔猪,其中3头为死胎,6头为木乃伊.直接免疫荧光抗体试验和RT-PCR检测,9头均为阳性.测序结果表明,3头测序仔猪中,2头仔猪所分离病毒E2基因主要抗原编码区序列与公猪所接种病毒的一致;另1头仔猪所分离病毒E2基因主要抗原编码区序列与公猪所接种病毒的同源性高于与母猪所接种病毒的同源性.母猪在与公猪配种前后,其所分离病毒E2基因主要抗原编码区序列发生了变化,配种后与公猪所分离病毒的一致,说明猪瘟病毒在猪体内的繁殖存在一定的优势选择现象.     

New potyvirus isolated from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptotaenia japonica</Emphasis>

 A potyvirus, for which the name Japanese hornwort mosaic virus (JHMV) is proposed, was isolated from Japanese hornwort plants (Cryptotaenia japonica) with mosaic disease symptoms. The virus was used to inoculate mechanically 34 plants belonging to 33 species of 10 families. Of these species seven from two families were infected. Faint chlorotic spots appeared on the inoculated leaves of Chenopodium quinoa and C. amaranticolor, but no systemic infection occurred in these plants. JHMV systemically infected only Umbelliferae plants; they did not infect 26 other species in eight families. JHMV was transmitted in a nonpersistent manner by aphids (Myzus persicae). The virus was a flexuous rod-shaped particle about 750 nm in length. Sequencing the nucleotides in the 3′ terminal region of JHMV revealed that the coat protein contains 280 amino acids with a molecular mass of 32.2 kDa. The nucleotide sequence of the coat protein of JHMV had the highest similarity with that of Zantedeschia mosaic virus (83.3%) compared to those of other potyviruses (57.0%–64.9%). An antiserum against JHMV reacted strongly with JHMV and weakly with Potato virus Y. These results indicate that JHMV is a new potyvirus. Received: September 9, 2002 / Accepted: November 7, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" The nucleotide sequence determined in this work appears in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank nucleotide sequence databases with the accession number AB081518     

家蚕核型多角体病毒酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酯酶基因核苷酸序列分析

从家蚕核型多角体病毒中国镇江株 (BmNPV ZJ)基因组DNA中克隆出酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酯酶基因 (ptp) ,该基因的编码部分由 5 0 7个核苷酸组成 ,其中A为 16 3、C为 99、G为 113、T为 132 ,G +C含量约为 4 2 %。根据其核苷酸序列推演的蛋白质由 16 8个氨基酸残基组成 ,其中含有酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酯酶催化活性区的 11个氨基酸“HC”基序。该基因与苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒 (AcMNPV)ptp和BmNPV T3株 (日本 )的ptp核苷酸序列的同源性分别为 96 8%和 98 2 %。BmNPV ZJ酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酯酶 (BmNPV ZJPTPase)的氨基酸全序列与AcMNPV、BmNPV T3、芹菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒 (AfMNPV)PTPase和黄杉毒蛾核型多角体病毒 (OpMNPV)PTPase 1的氨基酸全序列的同源性分别为 97%、97 6 %、96 %和 6 0 % ,而与OpMNPVPTPase 2的同源性仅为 2 0 %。在NCBI数据库中查找BmNPV ZJPTPase的同源性序列 ,查找到的 5 99381个序列中发现至少有 14种mRNA加帽酶其N端部分存在PTPase催化活性区的“HC”基序 ,但其氨基酸全序列的同源性只有 31%～ 32 %。该基因序列已被GenBank数据库收录 ,登录号为AF316 871     

一株无血凝性兔出血症病毒的分离鉴定及其衣壳蛋白VP60基因的克隆和序列分析

从临床病料中分离鉴定出1株无血凝性的致病性兔出血症病毒（RHDV），命名为Yaan-1。HA试验测得该毒株原代及经兔体传3代后的肝毒在25℃、37℃和4℃时均无血凝性；但在琼脂扩散试验和对流免疫电泳中均可见分离株与常规RHDV高免血清形成清晰的沉淀线；电镜观察可见30nm左右的病毒粒子。采用RT-PCR方法将Yaan-1株的衣壳蛋白VP60基因进行了克隆测序，序列分析表明VP60基因序列全长1740bp，编码579个氨基酸，测序结果提交GenBank（注册号为DQ069280），并与世界各国的常规RHDV分离株进行比较，结果表明核苷酸同源性为90．0％～98．0％，氨基酸同源性为94．1％～99．0％，氨基酸变异多发生在衣壳蛋白C、E区；同时对Yaan-1株的分子量、等电点、疏水性、跨膜区等分子结构特征进行了分析。本研究首次报道了无血凝性RHDV中国分离株，丰富了地方毒株资源，为明确我国地方株的分子流行病学，以及对VP60蛋白分子特征研究提供了新材料。     

A-FABP 在不同鸡种中遗传多态性分析

利用PCR—RFLP技术和DNA测序检测了尤溪麻鸡、鹿苑鸡、隐性白羽鸡3个鸡种共计96只鸡的脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白（A—FABP）第85位点和第1805位点的遗传变异。结果表明：1）在这2个位点上，3个鸡种均存在变异，外来品种隐性白羽鸡以杂合子Cc居多；地方鸡种以cc居多，3个鸡种均含有较高频率的等位基因c，其中以尤溪麻鸡最高，而以隐性白羽鸡最低。2）A—FABP第85位点不影响A—FABP的氨基酸序列；而第1805位点的遗传多态性影响氨基酸序列的变化：由脯氨酸变为丝氨酸，说明该多态性可能通过A-FABP基因的表达水平从而影响鸡的肉质。本试验为进一步分析A-FABP基因的遗传变异与肌内脂肪含量的关系及该分子标记在育种计划中的应用奠定基础。     

亚洲璃眼蜱唾液腺一新基因(GP29)的原核表达及产物鉴定

将吸血诱导的亚洲璃眼蜱唾液腺差异表达基因GP29的开放性阅读框插入pGEX-4T-1,转化BL21,表达出一相对质量为53 ku的蛋白,其大小与预计结果一致。蛋白质的肽质量图谱和“1381.7511”肽段序列两方面的结果证明,SDS-PAGE胶板上相对质量为53 ku的蛋白就是由目的基因表达的GST融合蛋白。该蛋白与SwissPROT库中的任何蛋白均有较大差别,可能是一个新功能分子。     

鸡病毒性关节炎病毒C-98分离株S1基因的克隆与序列分析

提取鸡病毒性关节炎病毒（AVAV）内蒙古分离株（C-98株）总RNA，参考GenBank中禽呼肠孤病毒（ARV）S1133株S1基因序列设计了2对引物，应用RT—PCR技术扩增了病毒S1基因，将S1基因cDNA克隆到pGEM—T Easy载体后测序。将测定序列拼接后与参考毒株ARV-176、ARV-138、ARV-S1133、MDRV—YJL的S1基因序列进行了比较。结果显示，AVAV C-98分离株的S1基因与强毒株ARV-176株的同源性最高，达99．9％；与MDRV—YJL的同源性为99．3％，与弱毒疫苗株ARV—S1133的同源性也达97．9％；与ARV-138株的同源性最低，为81．2％。表明，AVAVC-98株与参考毒株的差异较小，与疫苗株ARV-S1133有很高的同源性。