基于食品安全的供应链合作伙伴关系研究

针对国内近年来频繁的食品安全问题,从食品供应链角度进行分析,查找现有食品供应链影响食品安全的隐患,指出构建食品供应链合作伙伴关系对于保障食品安全的重要意义,并提出构建食品供应链合作伙伴关系的措施,更有效保证食品安全。     

QSAR及其在农药设计中的应用和进展

在介绍定量结构 -活性关系 (QSAR)的基本原理后 ,重点评述了 QSAR各种方法的主要原理、优缺点及其在农药设计中的研究应用进展 ,包括取代基多参数法 (Hansch法 )、Free- Wilson法、分子轨道法 (MO)、距离比较法 (DISCO)、比较分子力场分析法 (Co MFA)、分子模拟法 (MS)、分子对接法 (MD)、人工神经网络法 (ANN)以及 Leapfrog法等。     

Quantitative structure—activity studies of insect growth regulators. XI. Stimulation and inhibition of N-acetylglucosamine incorporation in a cultured integument system by substituted N-tert-butyl-N,N′-dibenzoylhydrazines

The ability to stimulate N-acetylglucosamine (GluNAc) incorporation in-vitro of a number of N-tert-butyl-N,N′-dibenzoylhydrazines having various substituents on both phenyl rings was measured in cultured integument excised from the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker). The relationship between in-vitro and larvicidal potency was approximately linear. The substituent effects on variations in the potency were similar between in-vitro and larvicidal activities. An inhibitor of oxidative detoxication, piperonyl butoxide, had no synergistic effects on the in-vitro potency. The ability of some dibenzoylhydrazines to inhibit GluNAc incorporation at exposure periods longer than the optimum for stimulation was also measured in a similar cultured integument system. The relationship between the inhibitory and stimulatory potency indices was linear, indicating that the larvicidal activity of dibenzoylhydrazines is closely related to its ability to stimulate as well as to inhibit GluNAc incorporation into the larval cuticle.     

几种中国野生菊的染色体组分析及亲缘关系初步研究

通过对不同倍性的几种中国野生菊之间杂种F1减数分裂期染色体的配对分析,对它们的亲缘关系和演化过程进行了研究。观察到甘菊(Dendranthema lavandulifolium)和菊花脑(D.nankingense)是两个亲缘关系较近、但已发生了某种程度分化的二倍体;南京野菊(D.indicum)和尖叶野菊(D.indicum var.acutum)是含有相同染色体组的异源四倍体,毛华菊(D.sestitum)为异源六倍体,它们在减数分裂中期Ⅰ,染色体均能较好地配成二价体构型。尖叶野菊(4x)与菊花脑(2x)、南京野菊(4x)与毛华菊(6x)的F1,染色体配对构型分别接近于9Ⅰ 9Ⅱ和9Ⅰ 18Ⅱ,表明菊花脑或其近缘种是尖叶野菊染色体组之一的供体,南京野菊或其近缘种是毛华菊两个染色体组的供体。本文还对这几种菊属植物的演化过程进行了讨论。     

协力构建和谐的医患关系

和谐的医患关系是社会主义和谐社会的重要内容.构建和谐的医患关系,需要政府、医院、医务人员和患方的共同努力.为此,政府应增加卫生经费投入,加快卫生立法步伐;医院应着力医德医风建设,正确处理医疗纠纷;医务人员应树立人文关怀理念,改善医疗服务态度;患方应科学认识就医行为,理性对待医疗事故.     

Production of inter-section hybrids between Primula filchnerae and P. sinensis through ovule culture

Inter-section hybrids were obtained in the reciprocal crosses between Primula filchnerae (2n = 2x = 24) of Sect. Pinnatae and P. sinensis ‘Fanfare’ (2n = 2x = 24) of Sect. Auganthus by rescuing ovules on half-strength (1/2) Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 50 g l⁻¹ sucrose, 2.5 g l⁻¹ gellan gum, 0.1 mg l⁻¹ α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.1 mg l⁻¹ 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 50 mg l⁻¹ gibberellic acid (GA₃). In ovule culture, germination occurred with radicle elongation but no plumule was observed. The radicle kept on the initial medium showed root proliferation with callus formation. When the calluses were transferred to (1/2)MS media containing 30 g l⁻¹ sucrose and 3 g l⁻¹ gellan gum, without plant growth regulators (PGRs) or with 1 mg l⁻¹ zeatin and 0.1 mg l⁻¹ NAA, plantlets were regenerated. The plants thus obtained were confirmed to be hybrids through flow cytometry (FCM) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses. The hybrid obtained when P. filchnerae was used as the maternal parent was diploid, whereas hexaploid hybrid was obtained when using P. sinensis as the maternal parent. The hexaploid hybrid might be produced through chromosome doubling of a triploid originated from the fertilization of P. sinensis with unreduced pollen of P. filchnerae.     

Interspecific relationships of Lycoris (Amaryllidaceae) inferred from inter-simple sequence repeat data

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate interspecific relationships of Lycoris. Twenty-four samples were included in the study representing a total of 20 among species and varieties. Thirteen primers produced 228 discernible DNA fragments, 205, or 89.91%, of which were polymorphic, indicating a high level of interspecific genetic variation in Lycoris. Our UPGMA cluster analysis recognized four major groups of species, which were consistent with morphological and karyotype observations. The first group included species with telocentric and metacentric chromosomes, while the second consisted of species with a haploid genome of 11 subtelocentric chromosomes. The third group contained species with a mixture of subtelocentric, telocentric and metacentric chromosomes. The last group included the Japanese and Korean species. Lycoris anhuiensis was clustered within accessions of Lycoris longituba, suggesting that it could be recognized as a variety of L. longituba. Our ISSR data also suggested that L. straminea may be a hybrid between Lycoris chinensis and Lycoris radiata var. pumila, and that L. caldwellii, an allotriploid, may be of a hybrid origin of L. chinensis and L. sprengeri.     

甜瓜种质资源亲缘关系的聚类分析

采用数量分类方法，对来源于国内外的48份甜瓜种质资源的17个农艺性状进行了聚类分析，研究其遗传亲缘关系。结果表明，供试材料在生态型上可分为两大类群，即厚皮甜瓜类群和薄皮甜瓜类群，其中厚皮甜瓜与薄皮甜瓜杂交的中间型在亲缘关系上与薄皮甜瓜更为接近，划入薄皮甜瓜类群中。厚皮甜瓜类群和薄皮甜瓜类群又分别划分为2个和6个品种群。     

用微卫星标记研究樱桃品种间的亲缘关系(英文)

从来自不同地理区域的36个樱桃基因型中筛选了33对不同樱桃品种的微卫星引物,以鉴定和描述他们的基因型并确定亲缘关系。33对微卫星引物中,29对获得了预期的扩增片段,17对引物在所研究的36个基因型中产生了多态性高、稳定扩增片段,17个位点共检测到71个等位基因。微卫星分子标记技术可以准确的鉴别所有樱桃品种的基因型,为微卫星序列的通用性提供强有力的证据,可以用蔷薇科李属的序列来区分樱桃品种的不同基因型,根据不同品种的地理起源及其亲缘关系用UPGMA聚类分析法对其基因型进行分类。     

优质晚熟制汁葡萄新品种‘北丰’

 ‘北丰’由‘蘡薁葡萄’与‘玫瑰香’杂交育成。浆果在北京地区9月下旬成熟。果粒椭圆形, 紫黑色, 果粒质量2.9 g, 果穗质量38916 g, 可溶性固形物含量为19.1% ～23.1% , 含酸量0175% ,出汁率81.9% , 汁多, 紫红色, 味酸甜, 品质上等。早果, 丰产, 抗寒性、抗旱性及抗病虫能力均强。