茶花鸡种群遗传结构分析及其保种措施的探讨

利用14个微卫星标记对云南茶花鸡12个家系的等位基因频率、平均基因杂合度、平均多态信息含量以及家系间的亲缘关系进行了分析。结果表明:共检测到99个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因分布并不均匀,再对12个家系进行分析,将其聚为3类,一类为Z-1,Z-2,Z-3,Z-4,Z-5,Z-6,B-1,一类为Z-7,Z-8,Z-9,Z-10,矮脚系B-2自成一类,这表明了家系间的遗传相似性,同时我们对特殊的矮脚系B-2进行了相关的探讨,最后我们提出了对茶花鸡保种的相关建议。     

猪瘟病毒的分离鉴定及其E2基因序列分析

2004~2005年上海和江苏3家猪场发生仔猪急性死亡,用ELISA鉴别试剂盒证明为猪瘟感染。用PK15细胞分离病毒,传代至第3代无细胞病变,RT-PCR扩增E2基因为阳性,扩增片段经纯化后克隆入T载体并进行序列测定。通过DNAStar软件对3株病毒的基因序列进行了比较,同时构建了系统进化树,结果表明,三株病毒分离株均扩增出269bp片段并且核苷酸序列100%同源,这3株与Alfort、Shimen株、兔化弱毒株(HCLV)和Brescia4个标准毒株核苷酸序列同源性均在90%以上,说明在江苏、上海地区分离得到的3株猪瘟病毒与流行毒株在基因序列上没有发生大的变异。     

A comparison between multivariate Slash, Student's t and probit threshold models for analysis of clinical mastitis in first lactation cows

Robust threshold models with multivariate Student's t or multivariate Slash link functions were employed to infer genetic parameters of clinical mastitis at different stages of lactation, with each cow defining a cluster of records. The robust fits were compared with that from a multivariate probit model via a pseudo‐Bayes factor and an analysis of residuals. Clinical mastitis records on 36 178 first‐lactation Norwegian Red cows from 5286 herds, daughters of 245 sires, were analysed. The opportunity for infection interval, going from 30 days pre‐calving to 300 days postpartum, was divided into four periods: (i) ?30 to 0 days pre‐calving; (ii) 1–30 days; (iii) 31–120 days; and (iv) 121–300 days of lactation. Within each period, absence or presence of clinical mastitis was scored as 0 or 1 respectively. Markov chain Monte Carlo methods were used to draw samples from posterior distributions of interest. Pseudo‐Bayes factors strongly favoured the multivariate Slash and Student's t models over the probit model. The posterior mean of the degrees of freedom parameter for the Slash model was 2.2, indicating heavy tails of the liability distribution. The posterior mean of the degrees of freedom for the Student's t model was 8.5, also pointing away from a normal liability for clinical mastitis. A residual was the observed phenotype (0 or 1) minus the posterior mean of the probability of mastitis. The Slash and Student's t models tended to have smaller residuals than the probit model in cows that contracted mastitis. Heritability of liability to clinical mastitis was 0.13–0.14 before calving, and ranged from 0.05 to 0.08 after calving in the robust models. Genetic correlations were between 0.50 and 0.73, suggesting that clinical mastitis resistance is not the same trait across periods, corroborating earlier findings with probit models.     

Influence of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement on gene expression profile of myocardium in rats

AIM:To investigate the influence of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement treatment on profile of gene expression in myocardium by cDNA microarray,and to characterize the targeting genes of estrogen.METHODS:cDNA microarray containing 1 400 rat cDNAs was used to study the genes differentially expressed in myocardium between sham (Ⅰ),ovariectomy (Ⅱ,OVX) and estrogen replacement treatment (Ⅲ,OVX+E2) group.Then down-regulated genes in myocardium of OVX rats were further confirmed by RT-PCR.RESULTS:177 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between sham and OVX rats,with 91 genes up-regulated and 86 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.164 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between OVX and OVX+E2 rats,with 113 genes up-regulated and 54 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.There were 54 genes differentially expressed in OVX compared to sham and OVX+E2.They are involved in membrane channels and transporters (18),cell receptors (9),intracellular transducers/effectors/modulator (7) and metabolism (6).Most of the genes (45) were down-regulated in OVX rats and up-regulated in OVX+E2 rats.RT-PCR test confirmed the results of cDNA microarray.CONCLUSIONS:Long-term estrogen replacement may influence the expression of genes involved in membrane channels and transporters,cell receptors,intracellular transducers/effectors/ modulator and metabolism.Long-term estrogen replacement has some beneficial effects on ionic concentration and cardiac function which partially comes from the results of influence of expression on Na+,K+-ATPase and Na+/H+ exchanger.Estrogen has an inhibitory effect on the expression of dopamine receptor,which partially clarify the myocardial protection of estrogen.     

苯醚甲环唑·丙环唑乳油气相色谱分析

本文介绍了采用气相色谱法用HP-5毛细管柱,以邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯为内标物,氢火焰离子化检测器对苯醚甲环唑.丙环唑乳油进行定量分析。结果表明,苯醚甲环唑、丙环唑的线性相关系数为1.000 0、0.999 9;平均回收率为99.87%、99.98%;标准偏差为0.12、0.04;变异系数为0.82%、0.28%。     

1%蛇床子素水乳剂的高效液相色谱分析

采用反相高效液相色谱法对蛇床子素进行分离定量,本方法的标准偏差为0．004, 变异系数0．41％;平均回收率为99．86％;线性相关系数为0．999 99。     

10%吡嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂的液相色谱分析

本文所述应用液相色谱法测定吡嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂有效成分含量的测定方法,此方法采用甲醇、水和冰乙酸为流动相,使用C18柱、紫外检测器的高效液相色谱,经验证其添加回收率为100.09%,标准偏差为0.133,变异系数为1.33%,线性方程相关系数为0.9997。本试验方法操作简便,分离效果好,响应时间短,是理想的分析方法。     

刺桐姬小蜂在中国的适生区分析

运用CLIMEX的气候相似系数法,对入侵害虫刺桐姬小蜂在中国的适生区进行了分析和预测,结果表明:中国大陆有18个省区45个市、县(地区)适合该虫生存,大体分布于18.14°N～36.00°N,98.30°E～121.36°E范围内,这些地区也是刺桐属植物的主要分布区。     

苜蓿黄萎病菌在我国的适生性分析研究

本文以适生性评判指标分析为基础,采用生物学建模与GIS分析相结合的方法,依据我国677个气象站点的逐月气温数据以及全国土壤pH等值线图,对苜蓿黄萎病菌在我国的适生性作了分析研究。结果表明,苜蓿黄萎病菌在我国的适生性强,适生范围较广,每年4~9月份,该病菌在我国西北、东北以及华北地区的适生程度处于较高水平。鉴于此,我国应加强苜蓿黄萎病菌的植物检疫措施力度,严防该病的传入或扩散。