天津地区鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的血清型鉴定

对天津地区分离的 7株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒和 3株标准株用气管环中和试验进行血清学分型 ,结果表明 ,呼吸型标准株 M41对其它分离株有较高的交叉保护作用 ,标准肾型 Gray株与天津地区肾型分离株 JS,F,GK1的相关系数分别为35 .43,2 1.45 ,18.41,高于肾型株 Aust- T株与相应分离株的相关系数 (分别为 16 .0 8,12 .41,14 .2 3) ,表明天津地区肾型分离株更接近于 Gray株。腺胃分离株之间的相关系数在 2 2 .71～ 74.16之间 ,明显高于其对呼吸型与肾型分离株 ,表明腺胃型分离株的血清型较特殊     

Effect of left vs. right recumbency on the vertebral heart score in normal dogs

The effect of right vs. left recumbency on computation of the vertebral heart score (VHS) was assessed in 63 healthy dogs. The VHS was significantly higher in right lateral recumbency (9.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.8; P < 0.0004). Gender and dog size did not significantly influence VHS values while there was m oredifference between left and right side measurements when considering the type of thorax (P = 0.055).     

Effects of transport stress on pathological injury and main heat shock protein expression in the respiratory system of goats

The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathological injury and the expression of heat shock proteins in the caprine lung, trachea and bronchus under transport stress. 12 healthy male goats were selected and randomly divided into three groups. The control group (non-transported group), 2 hr transport-treated group and 6 hr transport-treated group. Morphological changes as well as the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs, mainly HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90) in three parts of the respiratory tract were examined. Our results showed swollen mucosa and congestive blood vessels in mucous layer and submucosa, inflammatory cell infiltration as well as degeneration and necrosis of mucosal epithelial cells in trachea and bronchus of the transport-treated groups. The epithelial cells were degenerated, and the exfoliated cells and debris could be seen in the alveolar cavity. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that HSP27 and HSP70 were strongly expressed in tracheal and bronchial epithelium, glandular epithelium, vascular endothelium and bronchiole epithelium. And the amount of positive inflammatory cells was increased in transport-treated groups. Western blot results indicated that the expression of all three proteins had no obvious difference among the three groups in bronchi (p > .05). In trachea, there was no significant difference in the expression of heat shock proteins among the three groups except that the expression of HSP70 which was obviously higher in the two transported groups than the control group (p < .05). The expression level of HSP70 in the 2 hr transport-treated group was significantly higher than the 6 hr group (p < .05) and control groups (p < .05). However, there was no significant difference in the expression level of HSP27 and HSP90 in three groups (p > .05). In conclusion, our data showed that transport stress could damage the caprine respiratory system.     

Tracheal Morphologic and Protein Alterations Following Short-Term Cigarette Mainstream Smoke Exposure to Rats

A short-term 5-day nose-only cigarette smoke exposure study was conducted in Fisher 344 rats to identify smoke-induced tracheal protein changes. Groups of 10 male and female 5 week old rats were assigned to 1 of 4 exposure groups. Animals received filtered air, or 75, 200 or 400 mg total particulate matter (TPM)/m³ of diluted 3R4F Kentucky reference cigarette mainstream smoke. Exposures were conducted for 3 hrs/day, for 5 consecutive days. Tracheas from half the rats were processed for pathology, and tracheas from the other half of the rats frozen immediately for proteomics. We hypothesized that smoke will activate tracheal inflammatory, apoptotic, proliferative, and stress-induced pathways. Mucosal epithelial toxicity from the inhaled material was evidenced by cilia shortening and loss of tracheal mucosal epithelium in smoke-exposed animals. Mucosal thinning occurred in all smoke-exposed groups with hyperplastic reparative responses in the 200 and 400 mg TPM/m³ groups. Tracheal lysates from control vs. treated animals were screened for 800 proteins using antibody-based microarray technology and subsequently the most changed proteins evaluated by Western blot. Tracheal proteins expressed at high levels that were markedly increased or decreased by smoke exposure depended on dose and gender and included caspase 5, ERK 1/2 and p38. Signaling pathways common between the morphologic and protein changes were stress, apoptosis, cell cycle control, cell proliferation and survival. Changes in identified proteins affected by smoke exposure were associated with tracheal mucosal pathology, may induce functional tracheal changes, and could serve as early indicators of tracheal damage and associated disease.     

摩托车尾气对小鼠呼吸系统组织结构的影响

60只昆明种雄性小鼠随机分为3组,A组(对照组)、B组(用普通摩托车尾气染毒)和C组(用微型摩托车尾气染毒),染毒4周后处死,取出气管、肺脏制作组织切片观察其组织结构.结果表明,试验组小鼠的气管组织结构变得疏松,软骨组织和黏膜下层出现萎缩现象,尤其是C组的气管上皮出现化生,即由假复层纤毛柱状上皮变成鳞状上皮;试验组小鼠肺的各级支气管出现黏膜上皮细胞萎缩、纤毛脱落等现象,肺泡管、肺泡囊及肺泡也发生了一定程度的破坏,尤其是C组肺内小动脉出现管壁增厚、管腔狭窄等现象.     

肺炎链球菌感染的猕猴肺及气管内IFN-γ蛋白与mRNA表达

采用常规苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosim,HE)染色、免疫组织化学和组织原位杂交技术,观察感染肺炎链球菌的猕猴肺及气管组织的病理学变化与γ干扰素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)在其中的蛋白与mRNA表达.结果表明:在光镜下感染组的肺呈现大面积充血、出血,淋巴细胞浸润及肺泡腔内出现浆液性渗出物;IFN-γ蛋白表达面积均高于健康组(P<0.05);IFN-γ蛋白产物在肺血管内的光密度值极显著高于健康组(P<0.01),在气管和肺的其他部位光密度值显著高于健康组(P<0.05);IFN-γmRNA在肺气管上皮层、肌层内阳性产物的光密度值均极显著高于健康组(P<0.01),肺泡隔、血管内、气管固有层内阳性产物的光密度值均显著高于健康组(P<0.05).说明肺炎链球菌感染的猕猴肺出现了明显的红色肝变期病理变化,且肺及气管中IFN-γ蛋白及mRNA表达显著增加,表明IFN-γ在肺炎链球菌感染猕猴肺及气管的免疫调节中起到了重要作用.