聚丙烯二氧化钛负载膜固定化农药降解酶的研究

利用聚丙烯负载二氧化钛膜固定农药降解酶(EC3.1. 8. 2)，研究了酶固定化的条件，选择农药甲基对硫磷进行了降解试验。结果表明，酶固定化最佳时间为1.5 h，最适固定温度为20℃，最佳固定化酶液浓度为1.6 mg/mL。吸附农药降解酶的聚丙烯负载二氧化钛酶膜，通过与游离酶的比较，固定化酶最适反应温度有所偏移，提高了5℃，酶降解农药的最适pH值为8.5，对农药甲基对硫磷的降解率30 min内达到70%以上，并且固定后的二氧化钛酶膜具有良好的稳定性。     

Effects of Fe compounds on nutrient uptake by plants grown in sand media with different pH

The effect of soil and foliar application of different iron (Fe) compounds (FeSO₄, Fe‐EDTA, Fe‐EDDS, and Fe‐EDDHA) on nutrient concentrations in lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Australian gelber) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. Prego) was investigated in a greenhouse pot experiment using quartz sand as growth medium. Soil application was performed in both the acidic and alkaline pH range, and foliar application to plants grown in the alkaline sand only. Lettuce growth was depressed by Fe deficiency in the alkaline sand, whereas the treatments had no effect on ryegrass growth. Soil‐applied Fe compounds raised the Fe concentrations in lettuce. This was especially true for the Fe chelates, which also increased yields. Soil‐applied Fe compounds had no statistically significant effect on Fe concentrations in ryegrass. Concentrations of manganese (Mn) in lettuce were equally decreased by all soil‐applied chelates. In the alkaline sand, soil application of Fe‐EDDHA elevated copper (Cu) and depressed zinc (Zn) concentrations in lettuce. The chelates increased Zn concentration in ryegrass. Foliar application of Fe‐EDDS increased Fe concentrations in lettuce and in ryegrass most. Fe‐EDDHA depressed Mn and Zn concentrations in lettuce more than other Fe compounds, suggesting the existence of another mechanism, in addition to Fe, that transmits a corresponding signal from shoot to roots with an impact on uptake of micronutrients.     

光催化活性纳米TiO2的固定与催化降解甲基橙研究

纳米TiO2具有很好的光催化活性,对比研究了玻璃纤维、多孔硅胶、S iO2、分子筛等作为载体材料对纳米TiO2的固定,比较了各种材料对纳米TiO2的负载量及负载条件,相对来说,玻璃纤维的负载量最大。以甲基橙为模拟物,测定了各种固定化纳米TiO2的光催化性能,负载量最大的玻璃纤维表现出最好的催化活性。     

我国研制成功饲用合生素

农业部消息:近日国家饲料工程技术研究中心成功研制的可替代抗生素应用于饲料加工的饲用合生素,将为我国饲料和畜产品无毒害、无残留提供安全保障。该项目已通过国家教育部成果鉴定,并被列为科技部农业科技成果转化项目。     

不同锌源对大鼠体锌水平及吸收的影响

试验选用18只50日龄wistar纯系雄性大鼠，采用体内原位结扎肠段灌注技术并结合放射性同位素示踪技术，研究了在2种体锌状况(缺锌和足锌)下，向十二指肠灌注含不同形态锌的灌注液后，不同时间(5，15，30。60，90，120min)血液中。^45Zn比放射性的动态变化及试验结束时(120min)结扎肠段。Zn的消失率、不同组织器官中。^65Zn的放射性大小和总锌含量及血清碱性磷酸酶活性的变化。试验结果表明：足锌大鼠对锌的吸收低于缺锌大鼠，赖氨酸螯合锌组下降了16．14％，蛋氨酸螯合锌组下降了16．12％，氯化锌组下降了39．92％。     

L-天门冬氨酸钙螯合物的合成研究

以L-天门冬氨酸为原料合成制备L-天门冬氨酸钙螯合物,运用正交试验设计对影响L-天门冬氨酸钙螯合的条件进行了研究,获得最佳螯合条件:pH值8.0,L-天门冬氨酸∶氯化钙(摩尔比)为2∶1,反应时间(摩尔比)为70min,反应温度(摩尔比)为80℃,此时螯合率为86.92%.通过比较螯合反应前后的红外光谱图证明了氨基酸螯合钙的形成.     

纳米级小肽螯合铜对小白鼠铜排泄和免疫指标的影响

试验的目的是考查以硫酸铜、碱式氯化铜、蛋氨酸铜、纳米铜和纳米小肽螯合铜等不同铜源供给形式对小白鼠铜排泄和血液免疫指标的影响。试验将120只18日龄小白鼠随机分为Ⅰ(小肽+硫酸铜组)、Ⅱ(硫酸铜组)、Ⅲ(碱式氯化铜组)、Ⅳ(蛋氨酸铜组)、Ⅴ(纳米铜组)和Ⅵ(纳米小肽螯合铜)等6个处理组,每个处理组设4个重复,每个重复5只小白鼠。饲喂试验分0～56、～121、3～192、0～26和27～33 d 5个阶段。其中0～5 d为预饲期,后4个阶段为试验期。预饲期和试验期各处理组采用相同的基础日粮。试验期Ⅰ～Ⅵ组饲粮铜的含量(以铜计)在6～12、13～19、20～26和27～33 d 4个阶段分别为2.5、5、10及15 mg/kg。结果表明,纳米小肽螯合铜组小鼠的铜排泄量显著低于其它各组。饲喂第2、3、4阶段,纳米小肽螯合铜组小鼠的血清免疫蛋白IgGI、gMI、gA、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)及白介素-2(IL-2)均极显著(P<0.01)高于其它各组。     

转FRO2基因番茄突变体的抗缺铁黄化特性

为了增加植物的抗缺铁黄化能力,研究了转FRO2基因番茄突变体抗黄化特性．结果显示FRO2基因转化番茄后,使生长在缺铁胁迫下的植株根系铁还原酶活性大大增强（转FRO2基因番茄植株根系酶活性是对照2倍）,番茄铁吸收能力和有效铁还原能力大大加强,植株中有效铁含量增加（转FRO2基因番茄植株叶片有效铁含量是时照的1．5倍）,转FRO2基因番茄的植株叶片颜色显著比对照绿,黄化程度减轻,黄化指数降低（对照的黄化指数是转FRO2基因番茄的1．3倍）,植株生长量显著高于对照（转基因植株株高高于对照50％）．在正常条件下,转FRO2基因番茄根系的FRO2基因表达量增加,铁还原酶活性增加了1．75倍,转FRO2基因番茄植株叶片有效铁含量是对照植株的2倍,是其他耐贮藏转基因番茄的（转反义NR、ACC、CTR1基因）2～3．5倍以上．     

Microwave assisted preparation of spherical monodispersed TiO2

Spherical titania (TiO2) with narrow size distribution and nice dispersibility has been obtained by hydrolysis in the mixed solvent of 1-propanol to de-ionized water using microwave as heat source. Parameters like precursor concentration, heating method, microwave power, and pH value have been investigated. The results show that the high quality TiO2 can be synthesized using PVP as surfactant when the volume ratio of 1-propanol to de-ionized water is 1DK〗∶1. The results display that size and size distribution of the particles are affected by heating method, precursor concentration and pH value. However, the effect of microwave power is comparatively less obvious.