Construction and Identification of PRRSV ORF5 Gene Prokaryotic Expression Vector

The present study was designed to construct recombinant plasmids,which could express porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) ORF5 gene.RNA was extracted from spleen and lung samples of the suspected pigs which were infected with PRRSV.According to PRRSV ORF5 gene,a pair of primers was designed for RT-PCR amplification.The ORF5 target gene was cloned into pMD19-T vector and then the recombinant pMD19-ORF5 was achieved.According to the sequencing results and the characteristics of expression vectors,a pair of primers with NcoⅠand XbaⅠenzyme cleavage sites was designed.Target fragment dORF5 was amplified and then connected to pProEXHTb and pNZ8149 vectors,respectively.And recombinant HTb-dORF5/DE3 and pNZ8149-dORF5/NZ3900 was induced by IPTG and Nisin,respectively,and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.Recombinant HTb-dORF5/DE3 induced by 1.5 mmol/L IPTG was expressed in the highest quantity.There were specific band at about 22 ku with reactionogenicity when it was tested by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.Recombinant pNZ8149-dORF5/NZ3900 induced by 20 ng/mL Nisin was expressed in the highest quantity.There were specific band at about 19 ku with reactionogenicity when it was tested by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.The IFA result showed specific green fluorescence.This study successfully constructed recombinant plasmids HTb-dORF5 and pNZ8149-dORF5 and expressed,the result laid a solid foundation for further development of PRRS vaccines.     

甘胆口服液对BRD犊牛血清急性期蛋白和氧化应激指标的影响

【目的】探讨甘胆口服液按推荐剂量用药对牛呼吸道疾病（bovine respiratory disease,BRD）的治疗效果及对血清急性期蛋白（acute phase protein,APP）浓度和氧化应激指标的影响,为其在牛临床上的推广应用提供依据。【方法】选择40头自然发病的BRD犊牛,随机分成2组,分别为受试药物组（甘胆口服液0.2 mL/kg）、对照药物组（麻杏石甘散0.75 g/kg）,并增加健康犊牛12头作为空白对照组,按推荐剂量1次/d,连用7 d,分别于试验第0,3,5,7天记录犊牛的一般临床症状,并依据BRD评分表进行打分;在试验第0,7天随机抽取各试验组犊牛12头颈静脉采血,测定血清APP（结合珠蛋白（HP）、淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）、C-反应蛋白（CRP））浓度和氧化应激指标（丙二醛（MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC））水平。【结果】药物组试验犊牛第0天证候积分均≥5分,符合试验要求。用药第3,5,7天临床症状积分均不同程度降低（P<0.05）。在第5天时积分均<5分,第7天积分减少到最小值。麻杏石甘散组犊牛在第3天时的BRD治愈率高于甘胆口服液组（P>0.05）,但随着治疗时间的延长,甘胆口服液治愈率与麻杏石甘散相近,用药5 d后,两药物组治愈率均达到60%以上。BRD组犊牛第0天血清HP、SAA、MDA水平显著高于健康对照组（P<0.05）,GSH、T-AOC水平及SOD、CAT活性均不同程度低于健康对照组,但差异不显著（P>0.05）。经过药物治疗后,BRD组犊牛第7天血清HP、SAA、MDA水平显著下降,GSH水平和SOD活性显著上升（P<0.05）。【结论】甘胆口服液能明显改善BRD犊牛临床症状,有效缓解患BRD犊牛氧化应激状态,降低血清急性期蛋白水平。联合应用急性期蛋白和氧化应激指标可以对BRD犊牛进行早期诊断及疗效监测。     

Blood chemistry and acid-base balance in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss with experimentally-induced acute bacterial gill disease

Rainbow trout were experimentally infected with the causative agent of bacterial gill disease (BGD) (Flavobacterium branchiophilum) via bath challenge. All fish were cannulated with dorsal aortic catheters, had nasogastric tubes sutured in place for feeding, and were maintained individually, in plexiglass boxes with a flow-through water system. Fish were either fed, or unfed during the trial. Acute changes in blood gas, serum biochemistry and clinical parameters were monitored. By 24h post-challenge, BGD-infected trout that had been fed had significant hypoxemia, hypercapnia, increased blood ammonia, hypoosmolality, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and increased cough and respiratory rates when compared to control levels. Unfed BGD-infected trout had similar, but less severe blood gas and clinical changes, and no electrolyte disturbances. The BGD-induced hypoxemia is likely exacerbated by increased oxygen demands brought on by feeding. It is not known what association feeding has with the development of low serum ion levels in BGD-infected trout. This is the first study to report the use of fed fish, as opposed to unfed or starved trout, in obtaining blood chemistry values from indisturbed and cannulated animals.     

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Humans and Animals

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), defined as the presence of altered organ function in an acutely ill patient such that homeostasis cannot be maintained without intervention, is a cause of high morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. Many advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of this syndrome in human medicine, but much still is unknown. This comparative review will provide information regarding the history and pathophysiology of MODS in humans and discuss how MODS affects each major organ system in animals.     

2012―2013年猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒河南流行株的分离鉴定及分子流行病学调查

为了解河南地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）流行毒株的遗传变异情况和发展趋势。通过RT-PCR方法,对2012―2013年采自河南省各地疑似病料进行PRRSV检测,并对阳性病料进行病毒分离鉴定及分子流行病学分析。结果显示：54份疑似病料中17份检测为阳性,阳性率为31.5%,并分离出3株PRRSV;通过完整的ORF5基因和部分NSP2基因序列遗传进化分析表明,河南地区流行毒株主要为美洲型PRRSV,且17份阳性样品中10份与高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（HP-PRRSV）高度同源、2份与经典PRRSV高度同源、另外5份与美洲流行毒株NADC30高度同源,该类毒株的NSP2基因在不同部位存在393个核苷酸缺失,国内尚未见相关报道。结果表明,2012―2013年河南地区PRRSV主要流行毒株为HP-PRRSV,同时出现了新的变异毒株,使河南地区乃至我国PRRSV变异种类更加多样化,提示加强PRRSV流行及变异的监测十分必要。     

百色市高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒抗体检测结果分析

为评估百色市猪群高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（HP-PRRS）免疫效果,2012年—2013年在66个规模养猪场和249个农村散养户分别采集猪血清样品465份和644份,使用间接 ELISA 检测 HP-PRRSV 抗体,结果显示,现2012年 HP-PRRSV 抗体平均阳性率为68．02％,2013年 HP-PRRSV 抗体平均阳性率为75．32％;HP-PRRSV 一免抗体平均阳性率为63．91％,二免抗体平均阳性率为83．60％;HP-PRRS 灭活苗免疫抗体平均阳性率为75．42％,HP-PRRS 弱毒苗免疫抗体平均阳性率为70．86％。说明2013年 HP-PRRSV 抗体平均阳性率高于2012年,二免的抗体平均阳性率高于一免;HP-PRRS 灭活疫苗的初步使用效果良好。     

2株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离、鉴定及遗传进化分析

Two strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSV) were isolated from serum of some pig farms in Guangdong province and showed PRRSV positive in RT-PCR testing. The two viruses could passage stably and cause typical cenotaphic effect, they were named as LZ-GD and LB-GD. The analysis of variable region sequences of ORF5 and Nsp2 of the two viruses showed that LZ-GD and LB-GD strains were far to Europe strain Lelystad, the homology of nuclear nucleotide sequence were 63.5% and 63.8%, respectively, with classic American strain VR-2332 were 88.7% and 89.1%, respectively, and that with highly pathogenic JXA-1 strain were 99.2% and 99.3%, respectively. There were 30 amino acids deletion in Nsp2. It shared the deletion with JXA-1, HUN4 and other pathogenic variant. Thus, the two strains of PRRSV belonged to highly pathogenic American type.