玉米小斑病病害程度图像检测

为了实时获取作物病害程度信息,研究了一种基于RGB彩色模型的玉米小斑病图像的分割方法,并利用分割结果求得的玉米冠层危害程度来计算整株玉米的发病程度.由于图像中背景复杂,将叶片与病斑同时分离出来的可能性小,故该方法分为两步:首先从获取的RGB图像中提取R、G、B分量,利用2G-R-B图像采用迭代法自动选取阈值将玉米叶片从背景中分割出来;然后根据R-G图像将病斑从叶片上分离出来.30幅图像中玉米叶片、病斑基本上能提取出来,但没有黄化的少量侵染点无法有效分割.     

区县级土地征用与储备管理信息系统的设计与实现——以重庆市沙坪坝区为例

以重庆市沙坪坝区为实例,以实现信息录入、查询检索、统计分析以及报表自动生成和专题图制作等功能为系统既定目标,实用性、标准化、模块化、兼容性和可扩充性为设计原则,运用ESRI Arcview 3.2+Microsoft Visual FoxPro 6.0的软件组合实现系统的设计目标。系统的设计与实现可为区县级国土管理部门的土地征用与储备管理信息系统的建设提供可借鉴的范例。     

社会资本视阈中的社会主义新农村建设

新农村建设是一个涉及多种社会因素相互作用的系统工程。社会资本作为促进社会发展的一种积极因素对新农村建设起着不可或缺的作用。新农村建设的实现依赖于丰富的农村社会资本。这主要体现在村民之间的信任、合作和公众参与的基础上。新农村建设的实现离不开社会规范与秩序。这就要求认清农村社会资本的现状,对农村社会资本进行再造与提升,以利于新农村建设的实现。     

我国现阶段农民教育层次结构的现状、问题与对策

在对农民教育层次结构概念,我国农民教育层次结构的现状、存在的问题、问题的成因等研究的基础之上,提出了在优化我国农民教育层次结构方面：应建立和完善农民教育体系;大力加强农民中等教育;逐步推动高等职业教育通向农村;加强农民职业教育培训。     

Openings in the body of ‘capitalism’: Capital flows and diverse economic possibilities in Kiribati

Much of the post‐development agenda is concerned with decoupling Eurocentric imaginings of development from development practices in ‘remote’ regions and exploring new forms of economy that can enhance local well‐being. In the South Pacific (and elsewhere), small peripheral economies have confronted globalisation in varying ways. Some places, such as the Micronesian island state of Kiribati, have engaged directly with the global economy by investing capital generated locally in international financial markets rather than in domestic industries. Kiribati's trust fund, the Revenue Equalisation Reserve Fund, maintains a balanced portfolio of international equity and fixed income assets that produces a financial return, helping to augment Kiribati's other national income sources. In this paper we explore the results of capital flowing from Kiribati to global financial markets, noting that this alternative development practice can enhance local well‐being.     

不同种肥施用水平对大果沙棘苗期生长的影响

在西宁地区采用裂区设计将不同品种沙棘种植于不同种肥用量下进行实验结果表明：中华沙棘在其株高、根长、根茎、干重四项指标的测定中均高于向阳、楚伊两个大果沙棘品种。在300 kg/hm^2的施肥水平下,大果沙棘的苗期株高、根长、根茎、干重生长量最大。品种和不同磷酸二氨的施肥量的互作显著,中华沙棘在低肥条件下的生长量大,在高肥条件下向阳、楚伊的生长量大。     

金华市农业机械化水平的总体评价和地区比较

为提高金华市农业机械化水平,根据金华市农业机械化发展现状,结合现有农业机械化水平评价指标体系,确定了金华市农业机械化水平的评价标准,并采用专家法对各评价指标分配权重。利用2006年金华市和其所属9个县(市)的有关统计数据,计算出金华市及各县(市)的农业机械化水平,评价结果与实际情况基本一致。最后,结合金华市实际,给出了提高金华市农业机械化水平的措施与建议。     

Community participation in a social forestry program in Central Java,Indonesia: the effect of incentive structure and social capital

A new social forestry program has been implemented in Java to overcome encroachment of state forests. In this program, the state and local communities jointly manage the state forests and share the benefits of increased forest resource stock and flow as a result of the management. This article aims to investigate the complete incentive structure of the social forestry program and how the incentive structure changes community member participation in forest management. Property rights transfers and economic analyses were employed to analyze the incentive structure. We conclude that although incomplete, the transfer of rights from the state to the community members is a useful approach toward establishing an effective incentive structure and provides a net gain to the community members. The extent of community participation, however, depends not only on the incentive structure but also on the social capital that exists in the community.     

禽呼肠病毒感染对SPF鸡外周血T细胞亚型变化和细胞因子转录的影响

为探讨禽呼肠病毒(ARV)对SPF鸡外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+、CD8+T细胞数量变化和细胞因子mRNA转录水平的影响,利用流式细胞术和实时荧光定量PCR方法分别测定了ARV感染后1、7、14、21、28、35d感染组和对照组SPF鸡外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+、CD8+T细胞含量和细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17、IL-18、IFN-γ、TNF-α基因mRNA相对转录时相。流式细胞术检测结果表明,SPF鸡感染ARV后7d和14dCD4+、CD8+T细胞比值高于对照组,其中感染7d,CD8+T细胞含量差异显著(P0.05);感染后1、21、28、35d感染组CD4+、CD8+T细胞比值均低于对照组,感染1d后CD4+、CD8+T细胞含量均差异显著(P0.05),说明外周血T细胞亚型变化是ARV感染的重要表现之一。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,与对照组相比,感染组外周血淋巴细胞中IL-1β、IL-6(除7d外)、IL-18(除14d外)和TNF-α在整个感染过程中表达上调,IL-17和IFN-γ除感染1d外,均表达下调,说明IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17、IL-18、IFN-γ和TNF-α均参与了ARV的感染进程。     

Psychoacoustical evaluation of floor-impact sounds from wood-framed structures

Floor-impact sounds may introduce noise problems in dwelling-type environments. In particular, floor-impact sounds from lightweight structures like wood-framed buildings should be paid significant attention. In this study, such floor-impact sounds were investigated from the viewpoint of residents. The floor specifications of wood-framed structures were improved by using high-density underlay, and heavy floor-impact sounds were evaluated by using both psychoacoustical and conventional methods. The results showed that the floor-impact sound insulation grades specified in the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) did not correspond to the floor specifications of wood-framed structures. The nonstationary loudness, which is a psychoacoustical index for nonstationary sounds, changed with the specifications of wood-framed structures in a wider range of floor-impact sound levels in comparison with the maximum A-weighted sound pressure level, which is a single-number index of the JIS.