盐酸头孢噻呋乳房注入剂无菌检查方法的建立

为建立盐酸头孢噻呋乳房注入剂的无菌检查方法,本试验按照《中华人民共和国兽药典》2015年版一部附录1101无菌检查法中方法适用性试验的有关要求,对取样量、稀释液种类、冲洗方式、加酶量等进行了考察。取供试品置于无菌分液漏斗中,加300 mL无菌十四烷酸异丙酯,摇匀,再加200 mL含1%聚山梨酯80的0.1%无菌蛋白胨溶液,充分振摇,静置,取水层,按照薄膜过滤法处理,用pH 7.0无菌氯化钠－蛋白胨缓冲液为冲洗液,每张滤膜每次冲洗量为100 mL,冲洗4次,每管培养基中加入600万单位的青霉素酶溶液。结果显示,方法适用性试验中,供试品6种阳性菌试验组与阳性菌对照组相比均生长良好,供试品组、阴性对照组均无菌生长,说明供试品的检验量在该检验条件下已消除其抑菌作用。盐酸头孢噻呋具有较强的抑菌活性,本试验采用薄膜过滤法,建立了合理的无菌检查方法,能有效去除盐酸头孢噻呋乳房注入剂中的抑菌成分,使检验结果更准确、可靠,可作为该制剂的常规无菌检查方法。     

盐酸吗啉胍对植烟土壤酶活性的影响

[目的]了解盐酸吗啉胍对植烟土壤酶活性的影响.[方法]采用室内模拟方法,研究了盐酸吗啉胍可湿性粉剂对植物烟草土壤中3种常见酶(蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶)活性的影响.[结果]盐酸吗啉胍对蔗糖酶的作用表现为激活;对脲酶的作用表现为先激活后抑制;对过氧化氢酶的作用表现为先抑制后激活再抑制.试验采用的4种不同浓度的盐酸吗啉胍对3种酶的影响各不相同,总体而言,盐酸吗啉胍的浓度越高,其影响作用越强.试验进行到30 d后,盐酸吗啉胍可湿性粉剂对3种酶活性的影响作用减弱,即对供试土壤生态系统环境影响作用减弱.[结论]试验结果为烟草农业发展和推动农药改进提供了参考.     

基于同步荧光光谱的鸡肉中抗生素残留量快速检测

研究应用同步荧光技术对鸡肉中盐酸沙拉沙星（SARH）和盐酸强力霉素（DCH）残留快速检测的可行性。首先,分析了SARH标准溶液、DCH标准溶液、空白鸡肉提取液和含SARH及DCH的鸡肉提取液的三维同步荧光光谱,确定了鸡肉中SARH和DCH残留检测的波长差Δλ都为110nm,荧光激发峰分别为320nm和381nm。其次,采用单因素试验考察了硫酸镁溶液浓度和SDS溶液浓度及时间对荧光强度的影响,确定了鸡肉中SARH和DCH残留的最佳检测条件为：硫酸镁溶液浓度0.375mol/L、SDS溶液浓度0.300mol/L和采集时间12min。最后,利用多元线性回归（MLR）、偏最小二乘回归（PLSR）和支持向量回归（SVR）算法分别建立了鸡肉中SARH和DCH残留的预测模型。试验结果表明,与基于MLR和SVR的预测模型相比,基于PLSR的预测模型综合评价更好。基于PLSR的SARH残留预测模型的预测集决定系数R2P为0.8465,预测集均方根误差（RMSEP）为0.3441mg/kg,相对预测误差（RPD）为2.5882。基于PLSR的DCH残留预测模型的R2P为0.9141,RMSEP为5.8909mg/kg,RPD为3.2435。由此可见,应用同步荧光技术检测鸡肉中SARH和DCH残留是可行的,该方法简便、快速,为鸡肉中SARH和DCH残留的快速检测提供了参考。     

短序与阔叶十大功劳化学组分及小檗碱含量的FTIR比较研究

为快速评价短序与阔叶十大功劳不同部位化学成分差异,本研究运用FTIR采集短序和阔叶十大功劳不同部位的红外光谱并比较短序与阔叶十大功劳不同部位盐酸小檗碱含量差异。研究结果显示,生物碱、黄酮和丁香酯等化学成分,短序十大功劳根、茎及叶片中均较阔叶十大功劳丰富,但是,多糖和苷类含量在两种十大功劳根中相当,在茎和叶片中均以阔叶十大功劳含量高,尤其是叶片中这种差异更明显。最后,与盐酸小檗碱标准品比较发现,2种十大功劳中盐酸小檗碱含量均以茎中最高,叶片中含量最低;2种十大功劳比较各部位盐酸小檗碱含量均以短序十大功劳中高。故运用FTIR技术可以快速找出2种十大功劳化学成分的差异,本研究结果将为十大功劳属植物资源合理开发利用及良种选育提供参考。     

盐酸沃尼妙林肠溶微丸的研制

沃尼妙林是新一代截短侧耳素(pleuromutilin)类抗生素。试验以丙烯酸树脂水分散体为肠溶包衣材料,单因素与正交试验筛选处方及工艺条件,用流化床包衣技术及挤出-滚圆法制备10%盐酸沃尼妙林肠溶微丸。研制的肠溶微丸外观、含量和释放度在加速试验条件下均保持稳定;以75~150 g/t饲料混饲给药,10%盐酸沃尼妙林肠溶微丸对猪痢疾有良好治疗效果,明显优于痢菌净。研究表明,盐酸沃尼妙林肠溶微丸质量符合药学要求,具有良好的体外肠靶向性,可用于猪肠道疾病的防制。     

盐酸克林霉素(clindamycin)在健康猪及链球菌感染猪体内的药代动力学

盐酸克林霉素按每公斤体重 11mg单一剂量肌肉注射 ,分别观察了其在健康猪 (n=5 )和链球菌感染猪 (n =5 )体内的药代动力学。用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸克林霉素的血药浓度 ,所得血药浓度 -时间数据采用 MCPKP软件进行分析。在健康猪体内的药代动力学参数如下 :Cmax为 (2 .5 46 43± 0 .2 2 42 ) mg/ L,T1 /2 为 (3.2 10± 0 .795 3) h,AUC为(17.86 5 72± 1.2 5 46 ) m g· h/ L ,Tmax为 (2 .18796± 0 .44 37) h。在链球菌感染猪体内的药代动力学参数如下 :Cmax为(2 .5 5 6 89± 0 .12 45 ) mg/ L ,T1 /2 为 (2 .6 912 3± 0 .8895 2 ) h,AUC为 (12 .0 0 6 5 4± 3.2 5 46 ) mg· h/ L ,Tmax为(1.16 176± 0 .5 436 ) h。     

盐酸丁卡因对B-Z振荡体系的扰动及其含量测定

利用盐酸丁卡因对B—Z化学振荡反应体系振幅的影响建立了盐酸丁卡因的新的测定方法。结果表明,盐酸丁卡因能明显地改变振荡体系的振幅,且浓度与振荡体系振幅的改变值ΔE呈现了良好的线性关系,线性范围为4.98×10-7～4.57×10-4mol,/L,相关系数为0.9979。     

Fasudil hydrochloride prevents cisplatin-induced renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis via Akt activation and PTEN inhibition

AIM: To explore the protective effect of fasudil hydrochloride against cisplatin(CP)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis via Akt activation and PTEN inhibition. METHODS: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, CP group and CP+ fasudil group. All animals were sacrificed 96 h after injection of 0.9% saline or CP. Blood samples and kidney tissues were collected to evaluate levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (sCr) and morphological alteration of the kidneys, respectively. The apoptosis of renal tubular epithelium cells was detected by TUNEL. Protein levels of Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1), PTEN and Akt were measured by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The protein level of p-Akt was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the sCr and BUN levels, the expression of ROCK1 and PTEN and TUNEL-positive cells were increased, while the level of p-Akt was decreased in CP group and CP+fasudil group. The histological structure of the kidneys observed by PAS staining was developed marked structural damage in CP group(P<0.05). Compared with CP group, sCr level, the expression of ROCK1 and PTEN and TUNEL-positive cells were decreased, while the level of p-Akt was increased in CP+fasudil group (P<0.05). Very little structural damage was detected in fasudil-treated groups. CONCLUSION: Fasudil hydrochloride has a protective effect on CP-induced renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis via Akt activation and PTEN inhibition 1.     

Effects of oral glucosamine hydrochloride administration on plasma free amino acid concentrations in dogs

We examined the effects of oral glucosamine hydrochloride (GlcN), N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and d-glucose (Glc) administration on plasma total free amino acid (PFAA) concentrations in dogs. The PFAA concentrations increased in the control group and the GlcNAc group at one hour after feeding, and each amino acid concentration increased. On the other hand, in the GlcN group and the Glc group PFAA concentrations decreased at one hour after feeding. A significant decrease in amino acid concentration was observed for glutamate, glycine and alanine. Our results suggest the existence of differences in PFAA dynamics after oral administration of GlcN and GlcNAc in dogs.