基于奇异谱和相关性分析的木材声发射源直线定位算法研究

针对木材声发射（acoustic emission,AE）信号的随机特性,提出了一种基于奇异谱和信号相关性分析的木材表面AE源直线定位算法。首先,依据ASTM标准通过折断铅芯的方式分别在樟子松和榉木试件表面产生AE源,并在顺纹理方向布置2个AE传感器,其中采样频率设置为500 kHz。然后,采用奇异谱分析（singular spectrum analysis,SSA）算法提高AE信号的信噪比,再分别基于信号相关性和最大值分析2种方法计算AE信号在木材表面顺纹理方向的传播速度。最后,依据AE信号传播时差和计算速度,基于时差定位原理设计AE源定位算法。并针对SSA处理前后的AE信号,采用不同定位算法进行比较试验。结果表明,直接对原始AE信号采用基于信号相关性和最大值分析方法确定信号传播速度时,樟子松试件2个不同位置AE源的定位误差分别为51.8%、55.7%和75.7%、46.6%;榉木试件2个不同位置AE源的定位误差分别为52.0%、44.8%和37.7%、45.5%。而对于经SSA处理后的AE信号,樟子松试件相应的定位误差分别为5.1%、33.2%和2.6%、31.7%;榉木试件相应的定位误差分别为3.1%、54.9%和5.1%、22.9%。因此,对原始AE信号进行SSA降噪处理后,再基于信号相关性分析方法确定信号传播速度,能够显著提高木材表面AE源的定位精度。     

基于绿波控制的道路连续交叉口配时优化

基于现实路段中存在的信号配时不合理的现状,利用绿波控制的思想,结合道路实际情况,将相邻的3个交叉口作为一个系统,利用韦伯斯特配时方法统一优化配时,利用图解法确定合适的相位差,最终得到合理的配时方案。通过仿真软件模拟分析,比较优化前后主干道通行情况,验证了配时方案的优越性。     

Effects of entrance design on catch efficiency of arabesque greenling traps: a field experiment in Matsumae, Hokkaido

ABSTRACT:   A field experiment was conducted in the Matsumae area of Hokkaido, Japan, during June and July 2002, to investigate the effects of different entrance designs on the catch efficiency of fish traps by fishing with commercial traps (entrance inclination angle [α] = 37°; funnel length of entrance [ L _f ] = 22 cm) and experimental traps. The experimental traps were of the same size and similar design as commercial traps, with different entrance inclination angles (trap E1: α = 46°; E2: α = 27°; E3: α = 0°; all L _f  = 22 cm) or funnel lengths (E4: α = 37°, L _f  = 8 cm). In total, 2200 fish during 200 trap hauls were captured. The catch was significantly higher using both traps E2 and the commercial trap than with trap E3 ( P  < 0.05), and the catch of trap E2 was higher than that of the commercial trap. There were no significant differences in mean fish body length or the frequency distributions of body length among trap types (E1, E2, E3 and commercial). The funnel length of the entrance also affected the catch of traps. Trap E4 had significantly higher catches than the commercial trap ( P  = 0.04) when traps were deployed for a 1-day soak time. Fish body length frequency distributions did not differ between trap E4 and the commercial trap. The results showed that catch can be greatly affected by trap entrance designs.     

近海渔业安全救助通信网的核心技术--传输速率对网络阻塞的影响

"近海渔业安全救助通信网"(以下简称为"安全通信网")建设开通以来,在渔业安全生产中已经发挥了重要的作用。但随着我国海洋渔业经济结构的变革,现代通信技术的飞速发展,刚刚组建的"安全通信网"日趋落后,在实际运行中引出了诸多问题,难以适应渔业生产和管理的需要。本文仅从技术角度针对"安全通信网"中出现的网络阻塞问题,阐述几点意见。     

Protein kinase C in the spleen of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)

PKC activity was detected in spleen extracts from the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, a teleost flatfish that is farmed commercially in several countries, in assays with the substrate EGF- R651–658 as phosphate acceptor. The activity was purified about 700-fold by a three-step chromatographic procedure (DEAE-cellulose, phenyl-Sepharose and threonine-Sepharose). Maximal activity was obtained in the presence of the typical PKC cofactors Ca2+ (0.1 mM) PtdS (20 g ml–1) and either DAG (2 g ml–1) or PMA (2 g ml–1). Activity was dose-dependently inhibited by H7 and by the PKC-specific inhibitors PKC19–36 and N-myristoylated PKC19–31. The rate of phosphorylation was highest with the PKC-specific substrate MARCKS161–175. In immunoblotting, MC5 (a mouse monoclonal antibody raised against bovine PKC) recognized bands of 80 and 100 kDa. Immunoblotting with antibodies raised against mouse PKC isozymes (, , , , , , and ) indicated the presence of all these isozymes in turbot spleen.     

Characterization of a cDNA encoding a homolog of actin-related protein 4 from a marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis

ABSTRACT:   A cDNA ( PyARP4 ) containing an open reading frame for a protein of 573 amino acids was identified in the marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis . The conceptual PyARP4 protein exhibits significant similarity to actin-related protein (ARP) 4 in the terrestrial plant Arabidopsis . Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence showed moderate sequence identity (30%) to a conventional actin in P. yezoensis , as seen in comparisons between ARP and conventional actins of other organisms. A putative bipartite nuclear localization signal and an actin motif were found within the PyARP4 amino acid sequence. In a phylogenetic analysis, the PyARP4 was found to cluster with the ARP4 of other organisms. The expression level of PyARP4 did not change significantly among four developmental stages of life cycle and was lower than that of a conventional actin. This cDNA therefore may serve as a useful internal standard in gene expression analyses of differentially expressed genes in P. yezoensis .     

芒果炭疽病菌环境pH信号调控基因PalF的克隆与分析

通过本地查找胶孢炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)橡胶菌株全基因组测序数据,获得PalF基因的序列信息。利用同源克隆的方法扩增胶孢炭疽病菌芒果菌株PalF基因,获得片段大小为2 369 bp的目的基因片段。对该基因序列进行分析发现,该片段含有完整的开放式阅读框,与橡胶炭疽菌PalF基因的序列同源性达100%。用RT-PCR的方法获得PalF基因的cDNA序列,序列进行分析发现该基因全长为2 310 bp,其中含有1个大小为59 bp的内含子,推测编码769个氨基酸。对PalF基因的氨基酸序列进行推测保守结构域分析可知PalF蛋白中含有Arrestin-C保守结构域,推测该基因参与环境pH感应信号转导途径(Ambient pH-sensing signal transduetion pathway)的调控,为进一步研究该基因在环境pH感应信号转导途径中的作用奠定了基础。     

钙信号抑制剂加剧低钾胁迫对烟草幼苗光合特性及钾吸收的影响

  【目的】  研究低钾胁迫抑制钙信号传导对植株幼苗叶片光合特性及钾吸收的影响,为缓解作物的低钾胁迫提供理论依据。  【方法】  以烟草品种K326为试验材料进行了室内水培试验。烟草幼苗先在营养液正常钾(K+ 5 mmol/L)和缺钾(K+ 0.15 mmol/L)营养液中生长8 天,然后在营养液中分别施加钙通道有机阻断剂Vp、钙通道无机阻断剂LaCl₃和钙离子螯合剂(EGTA)钙信号抑制剂,继续生长4天后取样,测定植株干鲜重、电导率、活性氧含量、叶片抗氧化酶活性、叶片光合特性等指标和植株地上、地下部钾素浓度及钾离子吸收相关基因表达量。  【结果】  1)不添加钙通道抑制剂或螯合剂条件下,低钾胁迫的烟株地上部和根系干重较常钾水平显著降低了59.29%、39.82%,鲜重显著降低了51.58%、48.19%,除水汽压饱和亏外的其余5项光合特性指标显著降低,植株地上部和根系钾含量分别显著降低了39.31%和77.05%,而叶中可溶性蛋白、相对电导率、过氧化氢含量则显著增加,NKT2、NtKC1、NtHAK1、NtHAK5基因的相对表达量分别增加了2.09、3.32、3.23、12.34 倍。2)常钾水平下,3个钙抑制剂处理未明显影响地上部和根系干鲜重,而低钾水平下,钙抑制处理的地上部鲜重和干重显著高于无钙抑制剂对照。两个钾水平下,与各自对照相比,3个钙抑制剂处理的叶片相对电导率、活性氧积累量均显著增加,抗氧化酶SOD和POD活性、叶绿素含量显著减少,光合特性指标(除水汽压饱和亏外)明显降低。3)两个钾水平下,3个钙信号抑制剂处理的烟株地上部和根系钾含量均显著低于其对照,低钾胁迫下平均降低幅度分别达到25.54%和53.36%。低钾胁迫下,钾离子通道基因NKT2、NtKC1和转运蛋白基因NtHAK1、NtHAK5在根系中的相对表达量分别平均降低了60.60%、50.62%、38.61%、69.79%,钙通道相关基因NtCNGC1和NtCNGC11在根中的相对表达量分别平均降低了95.36%和87.04%。  【结论】  低钾胁迫明显影响烟株幼苗生长、光合作用及对钾素的吸收和积累。低钾水平下,外施钙通道抑制剂或螯合剂可进一步降低烟草叶片抗氧化酶活性,减弱烟株叶片光合作用,并抑制根中钾吸收相关基因的表达和烟株对钾素的吸收。     

活立木生物电及其环境因子远程监测系统的设计

针对活立木与土壤之间存在的生物电实时测量困难的问题,介绍一种活立木生物电及其环境因子远程监测系统。该系统主要包括对活立木生物电信号及其周围环境因子进行采集的下位机系统、进行无线通信的GPRS网络以及对数据进行显示、处理和分析的上位机系统。通过分析位于北京林业大学校内的美桐树进行实验所得到的数据表明,该测量系统能够准确测量活立木生物电信号及周围环境因子,并能将数据实时传送至远程服务器端,可以满足实时测量要求,为后续活立木生物电信号的深入研究和利用奠定了基础。     

基于声信号的供气管道阀门泄漏监测与定位系统研究

对供气管道阀门泄漏监测与定位系统进行基于声信号的研究,结合GPRS/GSM网络平台的长距离传输方式设计出可实现定位反馈功能的系统架构模型。文中详述系统的组成及内部连接方式并对传感器固定装置进行设计,利用不同材质管道泄漏孔声信号频率分析表设计出系统运行过程框图。系统应用的自动化监测模式对管道阀门泄漏监测与定位起重要意义。