控制我国海洋捕捞强度所面临的问题与对策探讨

削减过剩的捕捞能力已成为世界渔业管理面临的一大任务大陆0年代以后我国的海洋捕捞强度迅速增长，主要是：捕捞效率高的渔具渔法迅速增长，海洋机动渔船数量和功率膨胀，渔民数量迅速上升，为控制捕捞强度，我国逐步采用了一些渔业管理措施，然而效果不明显，本文将从以下几方面分析我国控制海洋捕捞强度所面临的问题：1、我国渔业管理措施的局限性；2、渔区产业结构单一；3、大量“非渔业劳动力”入渔；为解决以上问题，本文提出了以下几点建议；1、调整渔业产业结构；2、严格执行国家海洋捕捞强度控制指标。3、实施渔船报废制度与赎买计划；4、加快实施捕捞限额制度；5、发展渔民组织。     

江河养殖船结构及改进的研究

养殖船主尺度（ｍ）为Ｌ＝３１．３０－４０，５０，Ｂ＝５．５０－７．００，Ｈ＝１．３０－１．７０，Ｔ＝１．０５－１．４４；船型系数为α＝０．９５－０．９９，β＝０．９９－１．００，δ＝０．８５－０．９０。船型与非动力驳船最为接近。养鱼舱面积为９０ｍ＾２－１８０ｍ＾２，水体交换利用金属网或船壳凿孔。养殖船具有向大尺度，高造价和废旧船舶利用以及简易化，低成本演变的趋势。安装减流阻渣设施和改进网箱设置方法     

渔业发展的主体及其行为分析

渔业发展的进程和结果取决于相应的经济主体在发展过程中的行为策略。演化经济学从个体行为的层面很好地解释了推动经济发展的深层因素。论文基于演化经济学的研究视角,针对我国渔业发展的现状,分析了经济主体尚未完全确立、经济主体的行为能力缺乏、所处的市场环境不完善等问题。提出培育具有独立经济行为的主体,使其具有主动适应外部市场环境变化的行为能力,以及完善相应的市场机制的运行,是实现渔业持续发展的关键所在。     

水产院校《组织胚胎学》精品课程建设的改革与探索

精品课程建设是深化教学改革、提高教学质量的重要举措之一。从师资队伍建设、教学环节的优化、教学方法和手段的革新、教学管理的规范等方面阐述了对水产院校《组织胚胎学》精品课程建设的改革和探索。     

从文化渔业的角度谈休闲渔业发展的新路径

休闲渔业是实现现代渔业转型发展的重要途径,然而我国雨后春笋般出现的休闲渔业产业如出一辙的模式使休闲渔业发展陷入瓶颈期,本文试图从“文化学”角度探讨,重新整合运用现有资源,尝试为休闲渔业的发展寻找新的突破口.     

Fluid dynamic properties of a soft shell float with open bottom

ABSTRACT:   A physical model of a soft shell underwater float with an openbottom was constructed and the float was subjected to sinusoidaloscillation in the vertical direction in order to investigate the relationsbetween the characteristic properties of the buoyancy and fluidforces in the movement of the float. No change in the fundamentalperiod of the float was seen in response to the imposed oscillation,but there was a lag in the phase of the float response of up toone-quarter wavelength. Various fluid force factors approached valuesreported for a globular buoy as the float was increasingly filledwith air, but hysteresis was very low. The drag coefficient showedmuch scatter. The dominant factor for control of vertical movementof a soft shell float with open bottom was buoyancy, not fluid resistanceforce. It was concluded that for the purposes of design and controlof these systems, only the float volumetric capacity and air capacitymust be considered.     

The life history of Tenualosa macrura in Sarawak, further notes on protandry in the genus and management strategies

Abstract  The contraction of Tenualosa macrura (Bleeker) to the Sarawak coast and a small part of Sumatra, and the decline in its fishery mirror what has happened to three other species in the genus. Little was known of this species in its last stronghold in Sarawak where it is important for management and conservation reasons to understand its biology and life history. It forms part of a multispecies fishery where effort is uniform, but catches follow a lunar cycle. Tenualosa macrura is protandrous, but low numbers of small females suggest diandry. In Sumatra Tenualosa macrura spawn throughout the year, but in Sarawak have a seasonal peak in the NE monsoon (December). This has management implications because the Sarawak fishery ceases at this time because of adverse weather, hence reducing fishing pressure on spawning T. macrura . Management measures introduced in Sarawak for Tenualosa toli (Valenciennes) may therefore not be required for T. macrura .     

广东省海洋捕捞产量灰色预测

为摸清今后海洋捕捞业的发展动态,以广东省海洋与渔业局提供的1996～2003年广东省海洋捕捞业统计数据为基础,分别建立灰色预测模型,通过模型对广东省海洋捕捞业发展趋势做出了近5年预测。预测结果,2010年海洋捕捞产量在167×104t,南海的捕捞产量为156.78×104t,远洋渔业产量为19.82×104t。通过对预测结果的可信度进行分析,进一步确定这种分析结果的合理性,从而为确定今后广东省海洋捕捞业发展方向,渔业生产部门制订投资决策和合理安排生产提供科学依据。     

海洋捕捞业管理与发展智能系统模式优化设计的研究

主要介绍了海洋捕捞业专家系统的结构、特点和功能，分为4部分：海洋渔业资源系统，海洋捕捞生产系统，海洋捕捞管理服务系统和海洋捕捞辅助系统。每个部分又分为相应的子系统，它们相互结合、相互作用，并结合一些实际情况对主要的3个子系统进行了初步的预报、检验和评估，得出建立海洋捕捞业专家系统的可行性和重要性，同时对今后研究方向提出了建议。     

Potential effects of global warming on northern European freshwater fish and fisheries

Abstract Global warming is expected to result in considerable changes in northern European freshwater fish populations, fisheries and aquaculture. Shifts towards cyprinid and percid dominance in fish assemblages are expected, together with a decrease and collapse of salmonid and other coldwater fish populations. Most of the evident changes will occur in shallow lakes, where no thermal stratification occurs. The potential ranges of some fish species will shift northwards but pronounced changes will occur in the relative abundance of individual fish species. Total fish production will increase but because of changed composition of fish communities the commercial and recreational value of catches will decrease. Salmonid aquaculture productivity will increase provided that fish farmers adapt to new circumstances and cold, oxygenated water is available in larger quantities during summer.