近红外快速测定干辣椒中辣度的研究

以干辣椒为对象,采用近红外快速测定方法检测其辣度。首先,使用高效液相色谱法对8种干辣椒中辣椒碱类物质含量进行准确测定,确定了定量指标辣度。然后,采集干辣椒粉样品的近红外光谱数据,利用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立检测模型,并对检测波长范围及模型主因子数进行了筛选。结果表明,使用PLS进行模型的建立,校正集方程相关系数0.987 1,验证集方程相关系数0.870 4;校正均方根误差2 870,交叉验证均方根误差9 476,主因子数为8。最终得到的检测模型能够满足对干辣椒中辣度的快速检测要求,且具有较好的准确度。     

吉安红毛鸭的选育研究

以原产地红毛鸭为素材,以板鸭加工原料为选择目标,采用小群闭锁群体继代选育方法,经5个世代的选育,增重速度得到显著提高,体型外貌基本一致,遗传性能基本稳定。育成的吉安红毛鸭120日龄体重为1827.21g,公鸭的体斜长∶胸宽∶胸深为20∶9.4∶8.4,母鸭为21∶10.3∶9.0;加工成板鸭毛脚干净、造型美观。     

内蒙古阿尔巴斯白绒山羊毛囊生长周期性变化的研究

本试验以内蒙古阿尔巴斯白绒山羊为研究材料,研究其1年内毛囊生长变化特点。利用Sacpic染色法对体侧部皮肤横、纵切片进行染色。由切片可见5—8月份次级毛囊逐渐进入兴盛前期、8—12月份为兴盛期、1月份大部分进入退行期、2—4月份为休止期;次级毛囊深度在8月份最深,毛球宽、毛囊宽在8月份最宽;退行期的毛囊仍具有活性,绒生长变慢而休止期毛囊失去活性,绒不再生长;兴盛期毛球末端扁平,真皮乳头层细胞(DPCs)内陷;退行期、休止期的毛球末端呈尖状,乳头层细胞向外突出。绒长测量结果表明:最早于6月下旬绒长出体表,绒生长的最快时期为10月份,并非为最冷时期;绒长出体表即使在同一品种内因个体不同而有差异,同一个体的不同部位也具有不同步性:绒先在股部长出,然后是体侧部,最后是肩胛部。     

Logistics Scheduling Modle of Region Distribution Center

In order to solve the scheduling problem of frequent distribution of a little goods in one batch between regions in logistics system, We use time slices to manage orders, thus disassembling, combining orders and optimizing the planning to cut the cost. A product-scheduling model in region distribution is presented based on the retailing chain system. A method is presented which spends little cost on logistics plans under constraint conditions (time constraint conditions and space constraint conditions) by using combination and optimizing based on the three layers framework of distribution center, region distribution center and retail shop. The simulation result shows that the model and algorithm is indeed effective to solve the supply problems in multicommodity or multi-shop.     

Parametric Bispectrum Estimation and Slice Analysis for Pulse Signals

Higher-order statistics method is an overhead subject in the fields of signal processing in the world in recent years. The pulse signals are analyzed by applying parametric bispectrum estimation. Non-Gaussian AR model is for calculating the bispectrum of pulse signals for 15 heroin addicts and 15 healthy persons. Characteristic parameters of magnitude bispectrum of the pulse signals are obtained by using horizontal slices of magnitude bispectrum. Characteristic parameters of bispectrum phase of the pulse signals are obtained by using horizontal slices of bispeetrum phase. Moreover,two primary criterions are also obtained by using the characteristic parameters. Exactness ratios of two pnmary criterions reach 93.3% and 90%, respectively. The research result shows that parametric bispectmm estimation for analyzing pulse signals of heroin addicts is really an effective method.     

一种干果分选机卸料装置的设计

设计了一种以电磁铁为执行器的干果分选机卸料装置,由贯通式推拉电磁铁、翻板和复位弹簧等部分组成,可依据分选机控制信号的要求完成对合格及不合格果品的分类卸料。当检测系统(如机器视觉等)发现不合格果品时,由控制信号触发控制推拉式电磁铁动作并适时打开翻板,使不合格果品从卸料架落到卸料挡板上,通过缓冲材料后落入不合格果品箱内,而合格果品则沿翻板落入到合格果品收集处。该卸料装置具有结构简单、控制容易等特点,特别适合小型多通道分选机的物料分离。试验结果表明,所设计的卸料装置工作可靠、灵敏性较高,能满足实际使用要求。     

海蜇死亡成因的研究

海蜇沉底死亡时的溶解氧不大于3mg/L,此值可认为是引起海蜇死亡的阈值。海蜇养殖,从放养伞径2cm幼蜇开始,就要加强生物饵料的培育和供给,使其在90天内长到伞径30cm以上,如果超出了这个时限,海蜇到了产卵盛期,海蜇不但不长,反而萎缩,8天之后全部溶化分解。     

Evaluation of full-fat and defatted maggot meals in the feeding of clariid catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings

The nutritional implication of processed maggot meals, hydrolysed, defatted, full‐fat, sun‐dried and oven‐dried, in the diets of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings were evaluated. The nutrient density, proximate composition, gross energy and mineral constituents of the maggot meals were determined. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated to provide 40% crude protein in which fish meal in the reference diet was completely replaced by any of the following processed maggot meals: oven‐dried full‐fat (ODM), sun‐dried full‐fat (SDM), defatted oven‐dried (DODM) and defatted sun‐dried (DSDM) maggot meals respectively. Fish were fed ad libitum in triplicate treatments for 56 days in glass tanks. Biological evaluations of the fish were based on growth performance and nutrient utilization indices. The result of the nutrient composition analysis showed that processing methods of defattening and drying influenced the nutrient density of maggot meal, with crude protein content ranging between 43.30% and 46.70% for full‐fat sun‐dried and hydrolysed/defatted oven‐dried maggot meals respectively. The result showed that growth performance and nutrient utilization of fish fed DODM and DSDM dietary inclusions were not significantly different and similar to fish fed the fish meal‐based diet. However, fish fed the diet containing SDM exhibited lower daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and specific growth. Generally, fish performed better when fed diets containing defatted maggot meals than full‐fat maggot meal, and compared favourably with fish fed the fish meal‐based diet.     

辽宁省海蜇进出口贸易分析

海蜇（Rhopilema sp．）是我国沿海渔业的重要捕捞对象之一。辽宁省的海蜇捕捞、加工业比较发达，是我国海蜇进出口贸易最频繁的省份，海蜇已成为辽宁省的重要水产品之一。近年来，随着我国与海外的人员交流增加，交流区域扩大，海蜇食用文化也在海外得到了扩展，国际市场上海蜇的需求量越来越大。辽宁省在海蜇进出口贸易方面发展迅速，2000—2005年，海蜇累计进出口总量约1．5×10^4t，进出口总额约5400万美元，这与其他大宗水产品比较虽说数量不大，但从单价来看海蜇的出口价格属于较高水平。[编者按]     

Quality improvement by vacuum treatment of boiled skipjack loins for the production of dried skipjack

ABSTRACT: This study attempted to reduce the lipid and water contents in boiled skipjack loins by vacuum treatment and the quality of vacuumed boiled meat was then evaluated during the chilled and frozen storage. The boiled meats were vacuumed at a pressure of 400 Pa for 30 min using a vacuum freeze dryer as an experimental convenience in order to degrease, cool and dehydrate rapidly. The vacuumed boiled meats were stored at 0.0 ± 0.2°C for 10 days and at −20 ± 0.5°C for 90 days. The unvacuumed boiled meats were cooled by air-cooling and stored as the control. Lipid content on a wet basis (w.b.) was reduced as much as 0.5% in the ventral part and 0.4% in the dorsal part of the boiled meats after vacuum treatment. Water content (w.b.) was reduced as much as 2.5% in the ventral part and 3.0% in the dorsal part. The thiobarbituric acid and volatile basic nitrogen values in vacuumed boiled meats were significantly lower ( P < 0.05) than that in unvacuumed boiled meats during storage. Inosine monophosphate (IMP) was only detected as a major nucleotide (about 70%) in boiled meats, and the decomposition of IMP in vacuumed boiled meats was smaller than that in unvacuumed boiled meats during storage. It was concluded that the quality of boiled skipjack loins could be improved by vacuum treatment as a preprocessing procedure in the production of dried skipjack such as katsuobushi .