DIAGNOSIS OF AORTIC THROMBOEMBOLISM IN TWO DOGS WITH RADIONUCLIDE ANGIOGRAPHY

Radionuclide angiography was used to document occlusion of the distal aorta by thromboemboli in two dogs. Findings were confirmed by necropsy. The location of the thrombus corresponded with the scintigraphic lesion. Information obtained by the radionuclide angiogram was instrumental in patient management. We suggest the use of radionuclide angiography as a quick, non-invasive alternative to contrast angiography in animals suspected of having aortic thromboembolism.     

用离子捕获电镜技术快速检测犬瘟热病毒

应用离子捕获电镜术与直接负染电镜术比较，检测了临床上疑似为犬瘟热的犬病料。结果表明，离子捕捉电镜技术具有快速、简便、直观、较感度高等优点，可作为快速检测病毒的常规方法推广应用。     

RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN TEN DOGS WITH THORACIC ACTINOMYCOSIS

The radiographic findings in ten dogs with thoracic actinomycosis are presented. Radiographic findins varied, but pleural effusion, pulmonary infiltrates and mediastinal masses were most commonly found. Rib involvement, commonly accompanying actinomycosis in man, was present in only one dog. The differential diagnosis of actinomycosis includes many disease entities, but based on the radiographic signs it may be possible to narrow down the number of possiblities considerably. A combination of mediastinal or pulmonary masses, pleural effusion and encapsulated fluid is strongly indicative for actinomycosis. For confirmation a bacteriological examination is indicated.     

犬细小病毒病免疫胶体金诊断技术的研究

建立一种简便、快速、准确检测犬细小病毒(CPV)的胶体金免疫层析法(GICA).采用柠檬酸三钠法制备胶体金颗粒,标记纯化的CPV单克隆抗体,在玻璃纤维素膜上喷加纯化的CPV多克隆抗体,制成诊断CPV抗原的快速诊断试纸条.用本试验研制的CPV试纸条检测收集到的120份犬粪便样品,其结果与HA结果相比对,HA效价在1:40以上,试纸条均能检测到为阳性.CPV试纸条与犬瘟热病毒及犬传染性肝炎病毒无交叉反应.且试纸条保存6个月后,其检测结果重复性为100%.试验证明,本研究建立的GICA是一种快速、灵敏、特异的抗原检测方法,可在临床上广泛应用,也可用于CPV的流行病学调查.     

用PCR技术鉴定犬传染性肝炎病毒强、弱毒株的研究

根据Genebank中发表的犬传染性肝炎病毒 (ICHV)标准强毒株Glaxo和人工驯化的弱毒疫苗株CLL的保守序列间大小不同 ,按照引物设计的原则 ,设计合成了一对通用引物。该对引物可由ICHV强毒株扩增出 569bp的片段 ,而弱毒株可扩增出 2 4 4bp的片段。对PCR产物分别进行电泳、酶切和测序 ,证明PCR产物片段大小、酶切位点和核苷酸序列与设计的产物完全一致。正常DK细胞上清和犬传染性喉气管炎病毒 (CAV 2 )强、弱毒株细胞培养物均不能被该引物扩增 ,说明具有良好的特异性。其检测到的病毒量分别为 1 5TCID50 、 31TCID50 、说明该技术具有很高的敏感性。可用于ICHV强、弱毒株的鉴定和ICH的诊断     

LOW FIELD MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE CANINE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a relatively new method of medical imaging. MR studies on the normal canine central nervous system were performed using a low field MR scanner. The regions of interest were the head, neck, and lumbar region. The MR findings in two patients with brain atrophy and cervical neck disc protrusion were also evaluated. Based on our findings it appears that low-field scanners will be satisfactory for use in veterinary diagnostic imaging.     

Food intake and ingredient profile affect viscosity of ileal digesta of dogs

Two experiments were conducted to determine dietary factors affecting digesta viscosity. In experiment 1, six ileal-cannulated dogs were either full (607.1 kJ/BW0.67) or restricted (303.5 kJ/BW0.67) fed. In experiment 2, four dog foods were surveyed for effects on digesta viscosity based on protein source [animal protein (AP) or plant protein (PP)] or dietary fibre source [soluble dietary fibre (SDF) or insoluble dietary fibre (IDF)]. Dry matter (DM) intake was higher (p<0.05) when dogs were full (11.4 g/kg) compared with restricted fed (5.98 g/kg). Ileal digesta viscosity tended to be higher (p=0.07) for full fed [10,251 centipoise (cP)] compared with restricted-fed dogs (6677 cP). Ileal digesta viscosities were 6561, 11,074, 13,830 and 15,967 cP for dogs consuming IDF, SDF, AP and PP treatments respectively. Ileal DM concentrations were 11.4%, 13.6%, 14.8% and 14.8% for SDF, IDF, AP and PP treatments respectively. DM digestibility coefficients were lowest (71.2%) for the PP treatment and highest (88.7%) for the IDF treatment. Organic matter digestibilities followed a similar pattern. Ileal digesta viscosity of dogs appears to increase with increased diet intake, and increased ileal DM concentration. More digestible diets result in less ileal DM and lower viscosity constants.     

Hyperadrenocorticism associated with sex steroid excess

Diagnosis of sex steroid excess or hyperadrenocorticism in dogs may be challenging. Unlike Cushing's disease, sex steroid excess may have a multitude of manifestations that differ from standard hyperadrenocorticism. In particular, the clinical scenario of a dog with sex steroid imbalance involves one of three systems: dermatologic, reproductive, or hepatic. The history of a dog with hyperadrenocorticism manifesting as sex steroid imbalance often lacks the classical clinical signs of polydipsia and polyuria. Dogs with sex steroid imbalance will often be of specific breeds such as miniature poodles and exhibit trunkal hair loss as the only sign. There is often involvement of the reproductive system, manifested as the growth of perianal adenomas in neutered male or female dogs. The most common laboratory findings consist of elevations in serum alkaline phosphatase and serum alanine transferase. The following article reviews the etiology, common signalment, clinical signs, and laboratory findings associated with atypical hyperadrenocorticism caused by sex steroid imbalance and then explores the medical, surgical, and radiation treatment options.     

Two-dimensional grayscale ultrasound and spectral Doppler waveform evaluation of dogs with chronic enteropathies

Sonography is an important diagnostic tool to examine the gastrointestinal tract of dogs with chronic diarrhea. Two-dimensional grayscale ultrasound parameters to assess for various enteropathies primarily focus on wall thickness and layering. Mild, generalized thickening of the intestinal wall with maintenance of the wall layering is common in inflammatory bowel disease. Quantitative and semi-quantitative spectral Doppler arterial waveform analysis can be utilized for various enteropathies, including inflammatory bowel disease and food allergies. Dogs with inflammatory bowel disease have inadequate hemodynamic responses during digestion of food. Dogs with food allergies have prolonged vasodilation and lower resistive and pulsatility indices after eating allergen-inducing foods.     

Genetic analysis of canine parvovirus from dogs in Australia

OBJECTIVE: To determine the genetic variants of canine parvovirus-2 (CPV) present in domestic dogs in Australia and to investigate 26 cases of apparent vaccine failure. DESIGN: Thirty-three samples of faeces or intestinal tissues and 16 cell culture virus isolates collected over a period from 1980 to 2005 from five Australian states were analysed. Procedure DNA was extracted from the samples and a 1975 bp fragment of the VP1/2 gene of CPV was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Sequences were compared to published strains of CPV-2, CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c. RESULTS: Forty-one of 43 PCR-positive samples contained CPV-2a viruses. One sample collected in 2002 from a pup in northern NSW contained a CPV-2b virus. One sample that had been included in the study as a CPV-antigen negative control sample contained a CPV-2 virus. CONCLUSION: CPV-2a remains the predominant genetic variant of CPV in dogs in Australia and has not been replaced by CPV-2b or CPV-2c as in many other countries. The vaccine failures investigated in the study were likely caused not by genetic variation of field viruses but by maternal antibody interference in the response of pups to vaccination.