提高我国农民信息素养水平的思考

本文在探讨信息素养的内涵的基础上,提出了信息素养的定义。从我国农民信息素养整体不高和发展不均衡的现状出发,从农村信息基础设施不够完善、农民整体文化水平不高和农村信息教育力度不够三个方面讨论了目前存在的问题并分析原因,最后从加强农村信息基础设施建设、提高农民科学文化水平和改革农村信息教育方式三方面,提出了提高农民信息素养的措施。     

Factors Affecting Sensory Quality of Cooked japonica Rice

The sensory quality of cooked rice is an important factor in determining its market price, as well as consumer acceptance and breeding efforts aimed at improvement of rice grain quality. In this study,the sensory quality and physicochemical properties of three japonica rice varieties harvested in two different growing locations(Xiangshui and Hangzhou of China) were compared to determine the most important factors affecting the sensory quality. All the three varieties had higher scores for overall sensory quality in Xiangshui than in Hangzhou, indicating that the growing location is a key factor in determining the sensory quality of cooked japonica rice. In addition to growing location, variety(genotype) also had an important effect. Longdao 18 scored the highest for overall sensory quality in the two locations, whereas Longdao 30 had the lowest score in Xiangshui, and both Longdao 20 and Longdao 30 had the lowest scores in Hangzhou. Many physicochemical properties, such as apparent amylose content, protein content, thermal properties and free amino acid contents, showed significant differences between the two locations. Correlation analysis showed that apparent amylose content and protein content had contrasting effects on all the sensory attributes. The overall sensory quality was negatively correlated with protein content(r =-0.89, P 0.01) and positively correlated with gel hardness(r = 0.91, P 0.01),indicating that the protein content and hardness are important physicochemical properties for predicting the sensory quality of japonica rice. These findings will provide guidance for selection from the diverse genotypes available to develop new varieties with the desired eating and cooking quality.     

人文因素视域下西藏草地退化问题研究

选择西藏藏北地区那曲市附近3个典型乡(镇)——那曲镇、罗玛镇、孔玛乡所属的行政村,采用参与式农村评估法中的半结构式访谈对当地的牧户进行了大量的问卷调查,以透过人文因素视角对草地生态问题进行研究,挖掘和剖析牧户特定的生态观念及生产方式,从而为该地区草地—家畜—人群生态体系和谐共处、生态环境脆弱性评价以及有针对性地进行草地生态保护提供参考依据。调查结果表明,70%的牧户认为草地质量变差,且65.0%的牧户认为鼠、虫害是造成草地退化的首要原因;在对草地退化所采取措施的认知中,21.7%的牧户认为应该减少牛、羊数量。     

《食用菌学报》载文、作者、引文、被引情况及出版时滞的统计分析

根据信息计量学原理运用文献分析法对《食用菌学报》1994～2008年载文数量、分类、基金论文率、论文合著、引文情况以及出版时滞等因素进行了分类和量化处理,同时对学报载文被引用情况进行统计分析,为作者和读者了解学报的发展及其影响力提供客观数据。     

左翼电影的艺术特征、叙事策略的市场化转轨及其与新市民电影的内在联系

左翼电影出现于1932年,到1935年,其最高代表作品《风云儿女》表明,中国左翼电影已经从整体上融宣传性、思想性和艺术性于一体,并达到了完美的统一;影片在都市意识和电影市场意识规范下的叙事策略,既是出品方电通影片公司的制片路线从左翼电影向新市民电影转化的基础,也是一年之后新市民电影全面取代左翼电影成为唯一的中国主流电影的开始,而二者间内在的文化逻辑关联值得注意。     

《湖南农业大学学报》论文作者的统计分析

以１９８０－１９９７年的《湖南农业大学学报》为样本,统计分析了科技论文的合著率,文献单元作者系数,论文作者单位间的合作及文献中体现的学科间的渗透情况,揭示了现代科学技术发展中合作科研日益加强的必然趋势。     

环境科学的精神价值

环境科学作为1门跨自然与人文社会科学的交叉科学,不仅体现了以技术为中介的物质价值,同时也体现了人类自我完善的精神价值。环境科学的发展推动了科学自然观的建立;指出环境意识的普及和提高是人类文明进步的尺度;为社会进步提供了全面的发展观和对人起着美育的作用。在当今自然科学与社会科学的汇合洪流中,环境科学孕育着的精神价值不可低估。     

1949～2003年枣研究文献计量分析

本文从论文的总量变化趋势、核心作者群、期刊分布和主题分布等方面对19492003年专业期刊发表的枣树文献进行了统计分析,结果得出,有关枣的总文献量为2402篇,署名文献2354篇,并确定了36人为核心作者和18种核心期刊。     

河南优秀图书馆学研究队伍计量分析

运用文献计量学方法,对2000～2002年在图书馆学情报学核心期刊发文的河南省作者进行计量分析,可知河南省拥有一支庞大的、较高学术水平的图书馆学研究队伍。     

Enhanced Lead Uptake by an Association of Plant and Earthworm Bioaugmented with Bacteria

Lead (Pb) is recorded as the second most hazardous pollutant of the environment. Previous cases of Pb bioremediation has been reported using single biosystem, but very few reports are available in biological approaches using multi-biosystems to achieve an enhanced bioremoval of Pb. The present study evaluated the capacity of a unique association of Pennisetum purpureum, a hyperaccumulator plant, and Lumbricus terrestris (earthworm) bioaugmented with a Pb-resistant bacterium, obtained from an industrially contaminated site and identified as isolate VITMVCJ1 Klebsiella variicola, to bioremediate Pb. The Pb-resistant gene was amplified in the bacterial isolate VITMVCJ1. The study was conducted for 60 d. Results verified that the bioaugmentation process enhanced 1) root and shoot length of the plants, 2) chlorophyll content of the plants, and 3) biofilm-producing ability of the microbes from the rhizosphere region of the plants. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be lower in the plants in the bioaugmented setup. The study also observed a reduction in the toxic effects of Pb on earthworm and plant. The earthworm was used to assess the Pb-induced stress syndrome after exposure to sublethal concentrations of Pb in the soil. A reduction in the content of malondialdehyde, a potential biomarker, on exposure to Pb demonstrated the role of the inoculum to alleviate heavy metal-induced stress in earthworms. All three symbionts accumulated Pb; Pb was accumulated mainly in the root of the plant, and poorly in the shoot of the plant and body mass of the earthworm. The bioaugmentation system exhibited stable and excellent uptake of Pb from the contaminated soils. The results of the present study suggest the positive effect of the synergistic association of the plant and earthworm with appropriate microbes for the bioremoval of Pb.