浅析室内迷你水景

阐述了室内迷你水景的定义及特点,分析了室内迷你水景的分类及配置,并展望了室内迷你水景的前景,为迷你水景的发展奠定了一定理论基础。     

酶解油菜蜂花粉抑制超氧阴离子自由基的研究

【研究目的】探讨油菜蜂花粉中水溶性有效组分的抗氧化能力及其在黄嘌呤氧化酶体系中抑制O2-.的机理。【方法】采用酶解技术和膜分离技术提取分离油菜蜂花粉中水溶性抗氧化有效组分,用黄嘌呤氧化酶体系测定酶解物的不同相对分子质量级分淬灭超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)的能力。【结果】实验结果表明,经酶解和超滤后得到的相对分子质量大于1000的组分抑制O2-.的效果非常显著【结论】酶解和膜分离技术是提高花粉抗氧化功效成分含量的有效途径。     

电解质阴离子和pH对可变电荷土壤硫酸盐吸附的影响

The effects of three electrolyte anions, ionic strength and pH on the adsorption of sulfate by two variable charge soils, with different surface charge properties were studied. Under the conditions of the same pH and ionic strength the effect of electrolyte anions on the adsorption of sulfate was in the order of Cl^- > NO₃^- > ClO₄^-, indicating the difference of the nature among these three anions. For Ferralsol in the same concentration of chloride and perchloride solutions, the two sulfate adsorption-pH curves could intersect at certain pH value. When pH was higher than the intersecting point, more sulfate was adsorbed in the perchloride solution, while when it was lower than the intersecting point, more sulfate was adsorbed in the chloride solution. In different concentrations of electrolyte solution, the curves of the amount of oxy-acid anion adsorbed, which changed with pH, could intersect at a certain pH, which is termed point of zero salt effect (PZSE) on adsorption. The nature of electrolyte anions influenced obviously the appearance of PZSE for sulfate adsorption. For ferralsol the curves of adsorption converged to about pH 7 in NaCl solution seemed to intersect in NaNO₃ solution and to have a typical PZSE for sulfate adsorption in NaClO₄ solution. For Acrisol the three curves of adsorption were nearly parallel in NaCl and NaNO₃ solutions and converged to pH 6.5 in NaClO₄ solution.     

车八岭国家级自然保护区空气负离子水平研究

在实地测定车八岭国家级自然保护区空气负离子浓度的基础上，对不同样点的空气负离子浓度与环境多元变量的关系进行分析，结果表明：溪边、瀑布边以及接近水面的样点空气负离子浓度较高，森林土壤和植被对空气负离子浓度影响的正效应明显，建议保护区修建专用的空气负离子健康道，提供更多的休憩、娱乐和保健场所。     

铁铝氧化物吸附磷的研究

用得到x-射线衍射及电子显微镜和红外光谱确证的人工合成针铁矿与三水铝石进行磷吸附的研究。结果表明,针铁矿和三水铝石具有强烈吸附磷的能力,所得吸附数据可用吸附等温方程——Langmuir方程,Freu-ndlich方程和Temkin方程描述,Langmuir方程的适用性较好。从方程得到的吸附参数Xm值和a值,三水铝石要比针铁矿高一倍,其ΔG值也高于针铁矿。这两种人工合成矿物的吸附参数同天然的高岭石、蒙脱石明显不同。此外,在高pH时,这两种合成矿物吸附的磷量均少于低pH时的吸附量,而当有竞争离子腐殖质或氟离子存在时,它们仍然能够强烈地吸附磷。     

Stimulation of ROS-scavenging systems in squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) plants by compost supplementation under normal and low temperature conditions

The beneficial effect of compost, the final product of aerobic biodegradation of organic matter, on growth, lipid peroxidation [as malondialdehyde (MDA], hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and superoxide anion (O₂^•−), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), as well as reduced ascorbate (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) and their oxidized forms was investigated in squash (Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Eskandarany) plants exposed to normal and low temperature (LT) conditions. LT stress of 8 °C significantly reduced the plant growth of untreated plants, but compost alleviated the adverse effect of stress and significantly increased the fresh and dry weights under normal and stress conditions. LT also induced accumulation of H₂O₂ and O₂^•− and resulted in increased lipid peroxidation, pointing out to cellular oxidative stress. Under compost application, such reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxidized lipids were markedly reduced, but SOD, CAT, APX and GR activities, key enzymes of ROS-scavenging systems, were significantly increased. Data also indicated that there were general reductions in total ascorbate and glutathione pool in LT control plants, but compost-treated ones considerably have maintained higher levels of such redox metabolites. Significantly higher ratios of ASC/DHA (dehydroascorbate) and GSH/GSSG (glutathione disulfide) were generally found in compost-treated plants than in untreated-ones. It is evident that compost induced enhancement of LT tolerance was related to up-regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Such enhancement would eventually protect plant cells from LT-induced oxidative stress reactions via scavenging ROS.     

Role of voltage-dependent anion channel in cardiomyocytes subjected to anoxia/reoxygenation

AIM: To investigate the role of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) in H9c2 cardiomyocytes subjected to anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R).METHODS: The shRNAs targeting VDAC1 mRNA were inserted into pSUPER plasmid.H9c2 cells were randomly divided into 5 groups as follows: control group, A/R group, anoxia preconditioning (APC) group, pSUPER-VDAC1-A/R group and pSUPER-A/R group. The expression of VDAC1 was detected by Western blotting. Cellular injury was evaluated by measuring the cell viability and the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK). The mitochondria membrane potential was determined by flow cytometry.RESULTS: VDAC1 expression was up-regulated in A/R group and was inhibited in APC group. Similarly, down-regulation of VDAC1 expression by shRNA protected H9c2 cells from A/R injury. Moreover, we found that, with silencing VDAC1 expression, mitochondrial membrane potential was well preserved in H9c2 cells subjected to A/R.CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of VDAC1 protects H9c2 cells against A/R injury and its possible mechanism appears to be related to the regulation of mitochondial permeability transition pore opening.     

Effect of dietary Curcuma longa on enzymatic and immunological profiles of rohu,Labeo rohita (Ham.), infected with Aeromonas hydrophila

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary dosages of turmeric that enhance immune response and disease resistance against the opportunistic pathogens Aeromonas hydrophila in Labeo rohita fingerlings. Hence, four different dosages of turmeric at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 g kg^?1 feed were given to the fingerlings of L. rohita for 60 days at 4% body weight. At every 20‐day interval, different biochemical, haematological, enzymatic and immunological parameters of fish were evaluated. After 60 days, fish were challenged with A. hydrophila. The mortality (%) was recorded on the tenth day post challenge. Most of the immune parameters including lysozyme activity, superoxide anion production and serum bactericidal activity were significantly (P<0.05) higher on 60 days of feeding of 1.0 g of turmeric per kg of feed. Challenge study indicated 100% and 89% survivability in the group of fish fed with 5.0 and 1.0 g of turmeric per kg of feed respectively. Feeding of turmeric might have maintained long‐term protection in fish by elevating the nonspecific immune system such as Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), lysozyme and serum bactericidal activity. The result showed that turmeric at a dose of 1.0 g kg^?1 feed for 60 days provided the greatest protection to pathogen challenge.     

Cd~(2+)处理下超氧阴离子与花生萌发的关系

[目的]阐明Cd2+对花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)种子萌发的作用以及花生萌发过程中超氧阴离子(O2-.)含量的变化与酯酶同工酶、淀粉同工酶的关系。[方法]分别采用组织化学定位和电泳技术。[结果]10、30μmol/L Cd2+处理对花生胚根和下胚轴有显著的促进生长作用,使花生子叶中酯酶同工酶和淀粉同工酶活性增强,子叶以及胚根O2-.含量提高。[结论]酯酶同工酶和淀粉同工酶活性的提高与Cd2+诱导的超氧阴离子的提高相关。     

聚甘露糖醛酸和聚古罗糖醛酸的制备与鉴定

褐藻胶经过稀HCl降解,pH值2.85分级获得2种聚糖粗品。通过dowex阴离子交换分离,浓度0.5~2.0 mol/L的醋酸梯度洗脱提纯,即获得高纯度的聚甘露糖醛酸(PM)和聚古罗糖醛酸(PG)。采用高效液相色谱技术对其分子量及纯度进行初步测定,利用核磁共振技术对其分子结构和纯度进行最终鉴定。由核磁共振图谱可得其结构保持了M,G的原有结构,且制得的2种聚糖纯度均在95%以上。