鲁烟Ⅰ号防治主要蚕病技术的研究

为取代治疗真菌病防僵药物、治疗细菌病抗生素类药物及防治蚕病,笔者研制了蚕业消毒新药——鲁烟Ⅰ号。经中试,鲁烟Ⅰ号对家蚕病毒、真菌、细菌等主要蚕病的病源具有很好的杀灭效果,用鲁烟Ⅰ号作为防治主要蚕病的药物,取代了传统养蚕中的多种药物,用药方便,取得了良好的效果。     

北方蚕区第五批桑品种鉴定（山西点）试验报告

2011—2013年,山西省蚕业科学研究院对北方蚕区3个单位7个桑品种进行了鉴定。田间调查和实验室鉴定结果表明,7个参鉴桑品种生长势强、产叶量高,品质特性良好,在形态特征和生物学特性方面与对照存在不同程度的差异,而昌盛、9330两个品种的表现比较突出。     

家蚕种质资源品种的人工饲料摄食性研究

采用山东省蚕业研究所现有低成本人工饲料饲养本所家蚕资源品种,研究其摄食性,结果杂交种优于日系与中系,在收蚁与1龄期间是日系明显优于中系,至3龄起蚕日系的存活率也是明显高于中系,而在2龄期间存活下来的中系家蚕对人工饲料的摄食性优于日系。     

家蚕新品种“9801×9802”的选育

本试验选择性状优良的中系、日系材料若干,以杂交育种结合系谱选择为主,辅以对死笼率及产卵量的选择,经过6年11代的选育,初步选育出一对春秋兼用的桑蚕新品种。该品种虫蛹率、万蚕收茧量、万蚕茧层量、万头蚕产丝量、生丝率、解舒率分别高于对照种。茧层率与对照种相仿,茧丝长及净度低于对照种。克蚁制种量高出对照种16.5个百分点。该品种综合经济性状优良,适合在山西省及气候条件相同的中西部蚕区饲养。     

Seasonal shift in spawning of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) by photoperiod manipulation: egg quality in relation to temperature and intensive larval rearing

Commercial intensive fry production of Atlantic cod will be dependent on production of viable eggs independent of season. This can only be done by manipulation of maturation by photoperiod, but little is known about potential effects on egg characteristics and larval viability. In two cod broodstocks, maturation was successfully advanced or delayed 6 months compared with normal spawning season (March–April) by manipulation of photoperiod. The advanced broodstock spawned both in spring and autumn the same year. In two of the spawning tanks during autumn, ambient temperature was reduced after reaching 13.7°C during the first half of the spawning period. Egg quality and viability were monitored, and several egg batches were incubated, hatched and start‐fed for examination of growth and survival. Temperatures above 9.6°C resulted in significant reductions in fertilization and normal egg development. Concurrently, fractions of dead and unfertilized eggs increased with elevated temperature. Actual relative fecundity was not affected by temperature. Egg characteristics improved when temperature was controlled and lowered below 9.6°C. Occurrence of irregular spawners suggests that handling of broodstock fish should be avoided during maturation and spawning. Cod larvae originating from eggs of the advanced or delayed broodstocks were successfully reared beyond metamorphosis. Survival was 9.0–46.6% and 29.3% in green and clear water respectively. Survival correlated with both initial and average feeding conditions, but growth rate did not correlate with either of survival and feeding conditions. Specific growth rates (8.3–13.6% day⁻¹) is comparable with other intensive rearing trials with cod, but were lower than reported from nature‐like systems.     

超声处理对碱法制备蚕蛹蛋白条件的优化

通过单因素分析及响应面优化,研究超声处理对碱法制备蚕蛹蛋白得率的影响,得到了蚕蛹蛋白得率的数学模型,优化了制备条件,提高了碱法制备蚕蛹蛋白的得率。结果表明:NaOH浓度和液固比(V/m)对蚕蛹蛋白得率影响显著(p0.05)。蚕蛹蛋白浸提的最佳工艺条件为:超声功率400 W,超声时间20 min,浸提液固比(V/m)60∶1,NaOH浓度0.3%。在此工艺条件下,蚕蛹蛋白的得率为88.14%。制备的蚕蛹蛋白中的必需氨基酸含量符合FAO/WHO推荐标准,可以作为食品基料使用。     

南方早熟梨异常落叶的原因及防控技术

介绍了南方早熟梨异常落叶的发生特点及原因,提出强化果园肥水管理、加强病虫害综合防治、合理整形修剪、适量挂果与分批采收等栽培管理措施.     

蚕沙好氧堆肥腐熟度指标研究

堆肥腐熟度是衡量堆肥反应进程和堆肥产品质量的主要参数,为了探索蚕沙堆肥腐熟度的快速评价体 系,以蚕沙为主要堆肥材料,以蘑菇渣和谷壳作为调理剂,采用静态好氧堆肥模式进行3 种堆肥处理,研究蚕沙堆肥处 理过程中理化、生物学性状的变化规律,并对各指标作相关性分析。结果表明,当发芽指数逸80%,C/N 和T值分别降至 12.07和0.76,堆肥颜色呈黑色、无气味、温度降至常温时,蚕沙堆肥达到充分腐熟。因此,蚕沙堆肥处理过程中的堆肥颜 色、气味、温度、C/N、T 值及发芽指数与蚕沙好氧堆肥腐熟度紧密相关,可作为蚕沙好氧堆肥腐熟度快速评价指标。     

超声波辅助提取丝胶品种家蚕蚕蛹总黄酮的工艺优化

为了有效快速地提取丝胶品种家蚕蚕蛹中的黄酮,利用超声波辅助提取的方法,通过单因素试验考察了乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取温度4个因素对总黄酮提取率的影响,并确定了最佳单因素条件.然后通过正交试验确定了提取的最佳工艺条件.试验表明,丝胶品种家蚕蚕蛹的最佳提取工艺为固定超声波功率为500W下,乙醇浓度为40％,液料比(W/V)为1∶40,提取温度60℃,提取时间40 min,此时总黄酮提取率可达2.017％.优化后的工艺方法具有重复性强、提取率高等优点,对丝胶品种家蚕蚕蛹黄酮的开发利用提供参考.     

家蚕肠液蛋白酶消化生理参数的研究

家蚕肠液蛋白酶对家蚕消化吸收蛋白质及其生长发育有着十分重要的作用。为探明影响家蚕肠道蛋白酶活力的因素,从家蚕肠道内容物中分离出蛋白酶酶液,在不同温度、pH及金属离子处理条件下,用福林-酚法测定酶活力变化情况,确定家蚕肠液蛋白酶的最适作用条件,同时研究了家蚕中肠蛋白酶活力随龄期增长的变化规律。结果表明,在35℃、pH10.0左右条件下蛋白酶活力最大,低浓度Mn2+、Fe2+、Cu2+对酶活有抑制作用,高浓度Ca2+对酶有抑制作用,Mg2+浓度对酶活物影响不明显,家蚕中肠蛋白酶活力随龄期增长而增强。