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马克思的农业发展理论实际上经历了前后两个阶段的变化。早期,马克思强调西欧,特别是英国的经验,将农奴制下的农村公社—自耕小农土地所有制—资本主义雇佣型大农业—社会主义集体合作制大农业的发展序列作为人类社会农业发展的唯一道路。晚年,马克思的农业发展理论发生了转变,特别是对农村公社,以及自耕小农土地所有制和资本主义大农业的发展问题产生了新的认识。他认为农村公社包含了公有与私有两重因素,因而,农业发展道路并不是唯一的,完全有可能通过公有因素战胜私有因素使农村公社直接过渡到社会主义集体合作制大农业,而不必经过自耕小农土地所有制和资本主义大土地所有制的发展阶段。 相似文献
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采用计算机仿真的手段,运用有限元仿真软件LS-DYNA建立了圆柱形立柱形式的波形梁护栏的有限元模型,护栏的材料采用的是钢材,护栏板与立柱之间通过螺栓连接,基于这个模型,本文对轿车与护栏碰撞过程中影响护栏防护性能的摩擦系数以及护栏板与立柱之间的连接性能进行了研究,结果发现,通过减小摩擦力以及改变护栏板与立柱之间螺栓连接的临界失效载荷,可以提高事故中护栏对乘员的保护能力。 相似文献
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不同水平小肽制剂对黑凤鸡生产性能及其血清生化指标的影响 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
选取 190日龄的产蛋黑凤鸡 135只 ,随机分成 5组。对照组饲喂基础日粮 ,其余 4组分别以 0 .5 %和 0 .3%的小肽制剂添加量替代基础日粮中 30 %或 5 0 %的鱼粉量。结果表明 ,添加量为 0 .5 %的小肽制剂替代基础日粮中 30 %的鱼粉量的试验 1组黑凤鸡的采食量、产蛋性能蛋的品质、饲料利用率均较高 ;小肽添加量为 0 .5 %的试验 1组和 2组黑凤鸡血清BUN水平分别比对照组低 33.33% (P >0 .0 5 )和 7.84 % (P >0 .0 5 ) ,TP含量比对照组分别高 14 .2 4 % (P <0 .0 5 )和 5 .2 2 % (P >0 .0 5 ) ,有利于提高黑凤鸡的生产性能和机体合成蛋白质的能力 相似文献
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AIM: To investigate the expression of Grb2-associated binding protein 2 (Gab2) in human osteosarcoma cells and its relationship with the invasion and metastases of human osteosarcoma cells. METHODS: The technique of small RNA interference was used to transfect human osteosarcoma U2-OS cell lines. Western blotting and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of Gab2 in transfected U2-OS cells. After transfection, through chemotaxis and invasion assays in vitro, the cell migration and invasion abilities were detected. RESULTS: After transfection, the expression of Gab2 at mRNA and protein levels in Gab2 siRNA transfected cells (SiGab2/U2-OS) was lower than that in scrambled siRNA transfected cells (Scr/U2-OS) and U2-OS cells. After stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) at concentration of 10 μg/L, the migration SiGab2/U2-OS cells was significantly less than Scr/U2-OS cells and U2-OS cells (P<0.01). The number of invasion cells of SiGab2/U2-OS group was significantly lower than the other 2 control groups (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Inhibition of Gab2 expression obviously attenuates the migration and invasion abilities of human osteosarcoma U2-OS cell line. 相似文献
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Abstract: Local communities are frequently displaced from areas selected for environmental protection. Development of nature‐based tourism, believed to be more environmentally benign than traditional agricultural systems, has been encouraged by governments and national park managers in the hope of providing alternative livelihoods for local people. This paper examines the extent to which indigenous peoples resettled from within one Vietnamese national park have engaged with the nascent tourism industry, thereby providing a perspective on the success of their resettlement, through the eyes of those communities affected. The perspectives of resettled peoples are contrasted with those of villagers who have continued to reside within the national park, using traditional means of survival, along with new initiatives designed to supplement their livelihoods and to reduce their dependence on national park resources for survival. Resettled villagers are unable to survive on agricultural activity alone, tourism has done little to provide an alternate livelihood and the park environment is still threatened by the use of park resources by resettled communities in their struggle to survive. 相似文献
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Farmland bird declines in Europe are well documented. In the UK, agri-environment schemes are key mechanisms for reversing the declines of birds and other farmland biodiversity, but recent reviews suggest that wet habitats might be a gap in provision by these schemes. Important resources provided by wet habitats include: (i) damp soil, for probing species; (ii) permanent water to provide water-dependent invertebrates, as a source of food; (iii) bare or sparsely vegetated ground in the draw-down zone, to improve access to food; (iv) rank emergent vegetation for nesting. However, wet habitats have been lost from farmland as a result of loss of ponds and filling of ditches, as well as the effective removal of water from fields by surface run-off, itself affected by soil compaction, and extensive under-field drainage. The efficient removal of water from fields can cause problems downstream, both through flooding, and diffuse pollution. Regular farmland pollutants include pesticides, nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment, leading to environmental problems such as eutrophication and reduced quality of drinking water. Major new political instruments, such as the Water Framework Directive, will aim to reduce the impact of this diffuse pollution from agriculture. A variety of solutions to diffuse pollution, such as conservation tillage, buffer strips at field edges, and small constructed wetlands, could simultaneously provide some of the resources required by farmland birds. We suggest that future agri-environment schemes, to be truly multifunctional, could focus on bringing these diverse objectives together. 相似文献