Chemopreventive Effects of Sarcophine-diol on Ultraviolet B-induced Skin Tumor Development in SKH-1 Hairless Mice

Sarcophine-diol (SD), one of the structural modifications of sarcophine, has shown chemopreventive effects on 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-initiated and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-promoted skin tumor development in female CD-1 mice. The objective of this study was to determine the chemopreventive effects of SD on UVB-induced skin tumor development in hairless SKH-1 mice, a model more relevant to human skin cancer, and to determine the possible mechanisms of action. Carcinogenesis was initiated and promoted by UVB radiation. Female hairless SKH-1 mice were divided into two groups having 27 mice in each group: control and SD treatment. The control group was topically treated with 100 μL acetone and SD treatment group was topically treated with SD (30 μg/100 μL in acetone) 1 hour before each UVB radiation for 32 weeks. Tumor counts were recorded on a weekly basis for 30 weeks. Effects of SD on the expression of caspases were investigated to elucidate the possible mechanism of action. The proteins from epidermal homogenates of experimental mice were used for SDS-PAGE and Western blotting using specific antibodies against caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 respectively. TUNEL assay was used for determining DNA fragmented apoptotic cells in situ. Results showed that at the end of experiment, tumor multiplicity in control and SD treatment groups was 25.8 and 16.5 tumors per mouse respectively. Furthermore, Topical treatment of SD induced DNA fragmented apoptotic cells by upgrading the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-8. This study clearly suggested that SD could be an effective chemopreventive agent for UVB-induced skin cancer by inducing caspase dependent apoptosis.     

半胱胺对皮长大三元杂交猪生产性能的影响

[目的]研究半胱胺作为试验添加剂,对皮长大三元杂交商品猪生长性能的影响。[方法]将皮长大三元杂交猪80头随机分为对照组和试验组,每组40头,且公母各半,探讨在饲料里加半胱胺对猪生产性能的影响。[结果]结果表明,试验组与对照组相比,皮长大三元杂交育肥猪平均日增重提高了6.46%,差异极显著(P<0.01);料肉比降低了4.05%,但差异不显著(P>0.05);经济效益提高了85.64%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。[结论]半胱胺能提高猪的饲料报酬和增重速度,推荐剂量为250 mg/kg。     

艾纳香总黄酮对大鼠皮肤创伤愈合的作用及机制研究

探讨艾纳香总黄酮对大鼠皮肤创伤愈合的影响及其作用机制。取大鼠150只,随机分为模型组、京万红组和艾纳香总黄酮高、中、低组,建立大鼠背部双侧圆形创伤模型,连续给药10 d,测定创面面积,计算愈合率;于术后的1、3、5、7、10 d检测创缘组织IL-1、TNF-α表达量并切取创伤边缘皮肤全层,制片,HE染色后镜下观察创面组织形态学的改变。结果表明:艾纳香总黄酮随药物剂量的增加而提高创面愈合百分率,缩短愈合时间,创伤早期增强创面IL-1、TNF-α的表达。艾纳香总黄酮促进大鼠皮肤创伤的愈合机制之一可能是增强创伤早期炎症因子的分泌,从而促进创面的修复愈合。     

葡萄皮渣的沼气发酵潜力研究

[目的]为合理利用造酒工业的有机废弃物提供依据。[方法]以沼气发酵后的厌氧活性污泥为接种物,测定了葡萄干皮渣和湿皮渣发酵前后的总固体（TS）含量、挥发性固体（VS）含量、pH值和产气量。[结果]以干皮渣和湿皮渣为原料发酵第2天即产生沼气,干皮渣在15d和湿皮渣在20d后产生的沼气不能持续燃烧,甲烷含量较低。干皮渣和湿皮渣发酵至15d时的产气量均占总产气量的80%以上,湿皮渣的累积产气量大于干皮渣。前10d干皮渣的产气速率高于湿皮渣,后期则相反。干皮渣的TS利用率为12.61%,VS利用率为2.26%。湿皮渣的TS利用率为5.61%,VS利用率为3.97%。[结论]葡萄干皮渣的沼气发酵潜力为230ml/g（TS）、180ml/g（VS）,湿皮渣的沼气发酵潜力为1510ml/g（TS）、150ml/g（VS）。     

多拉菌素浇泼剂临床前毒理学试验研究

观察多拉菌素浇泼剂对动物的安全药理学和皮肤的毒性作用。用家兔进行皮肤安全药理学试验,用豚鼠进行皮肤刺激性试验和皮肤过敏试验。结果说明多拉菌素浇泼剂对家兔无任何毒性反应,对豚鼠皮肤无刺激性反应,不产生致敏作用。多拉菌素浇泼剂是一种较安全的局部外用药,适合在临床上推广应用。     

寿光黑鸡成纤维细胞的体外培养与冷冻保存(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to establish the in vitro culture system of chicken fibroblasts.[Method] Tissue explant method and enzymatic digestion method were used to separate and culture chicken skin fibroblasts respectively.The rate of cell growth,cryopreservation and recovery were compared.[Result] The primary chicken fibroblasts prepared by enzymatic digestion grew faster and converged together to form monolayer on 5 d post preparation;the passage cells prepared by these 2 methods grew at similar speed and formed monolayer within 2-3 d;homogeneous fibroblasts could be obtained by trypsin digestion and repeated attachment for 3-4 passages;there were 75%-80% of cells survived after cryopreservation and recovery;the growth curves of embryonic fibroblasts and skin fibroblasts were all normal and the two kind of cells still retained the normal number of chromosomes even at the twelfth passage.[Conclusion] The feeder layer cells needed for establishing ES cell lines could be obtained by culturing chicken fibroblasts through both tissue explant method and enzymatic digestion method.This study provided a basis for the successful establishment of ES cell lines.     

虹鳟pmela基因的克隆及其在不同发育阶段和组织中的表达分析

前黑素小体蛋白a (premelanosome protein, pmela)基因是黑色素合成通路中的关键基因之一,对动物的体色有着重要影响。为探讨pmela基因在虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)体色变异中的作用,本研究利用cDNA末端快速扩增(rapid amplification of cDNA ends, RACE)技术对pmela基因cDNA全长进行克隆并运用生物信息学方法分析该基因的序列特征,同时采用qRT-PCR比较pmela在野生型虹鳟(虹鳟)、黄色突变型虹鳟(金鳟)和杂交F1代受精期至孵化后3个月不同发育时期及成鱼不同组织中的相对表达量。研究获得pmela基因cDNA全长序列3 476 bp,包含2 532 bp开放阅读框,编码843个氨基酸。序列分析发现,Pmela为疏水性蛋白且存在PKD功能结构域。同源性比对发现,虹鳟Pemla氨基酸序列与红鲑(Oncorhynchus nerka)的同源性高达97.75%;进化分析结果显示,虹鳟与红鲑的亲缘关系最近,与人类(Homo sapiens)和小鼠(Mus musculus)的亲缘关系最远。qRT-PCR结果显示,pmela基因在虹鳟与金鳟胚胎及出膜后各时期均有表达,在受精期至16细胞期中的表达为虹鳟高于金鳟,出膜后该基因在金鳟背部皮肤中的表达均高于虹鳟,且在4细胞期、16细胞期、原肠期、神经期、体节期、心跳期、1 day post-hatching (1 dph)、3 dph、5 dph、7 dph、10 dph、1 month post-hatching (1 M)和2 M时期中,虹鳟与金鳟的表达存在显著差异。在各组织中,pmela基因在虹鳟与金鳟背部皮肤和眼睛中的表达显著高于其他组织。在杂交F1代中,pmela基因在不同发育时期和组织中的表达模式与双亲类似,且在大部分相同时期和组织中的表达与双亲存在显著差异。上述结果表明,pmela基因的表达量高低与虹鳟体色具有一定的相关性,且可能参与其体色的形成过程。本研究结果为进一步研究pmela基因在虹鳟体色变异中的作用提供基础资料。     

夏季保苗期刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)腐皮综合征病原菌的分离鉴定及其致病阈值

2013年夏季山东地区某刺参育苗场处于保苗期的刺参苗种暴发 腐皮综合征疾病,表现为附着力下降、棘刺顶端溃烂、排脏、表皮溃疡和自溶等症状。自患病个体病灶组织分离优势细菌,并利用形态学观察、生理生化测定、回接感染、16S rDNA基因序列分析等方法完成致病原的鉴定。此外,通过对发病前后养殖系统中优势菌丰度的变化,追踪确定了所分离病原菌的致病阈值。结果显示,从患病参苗体表病灶处分离的一株优势菌HP130917A-1,经回接感染证实,该菌株具有较强的致病力,其对刺参苗种的半致死浓度为1.2×106 CFU/ml。生理生化结合分子鉴定表明,该菌株为溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)。此外,完成了患病池保苗期间池水和附着基表面微生物菌群结构动态分析,共分离得到了6种主要优势菌,分别为溶藻弧菌、需钠弧菌(Vibrio natriegens)、副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)和马胃葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus equorum)。溶藻弧菌一直是养殖系统中优势度最高的种类,且随着附着基在保苗池中时间的延长,其在附着基表面沉积物中的浓度越来越高。到第50天时,浓度达到8.97×106 CFU/cm2。而此时系统中参苗开始暴发腐皮综合征疾病,可将此浓度视为该病原的致病阈值。因此,在夏季保苗过程中应加强养殖系统中弧菌总数的监测,制定适宜的附着基更换频率,建立和优化刺参保苗工艺,以期为刺参苗期疾病防控和优化健康养殖管理提供理论依据和参考。     

动物皮癣菌病与螨虫病联合防治技术研究与应用

研制的抗动物皮癣菌病与螨虫病联合缓释剂与粉剂(简称皮复康缓释剂与皮复康粉剂),临床试验证明:兔1ml/ 只,猪和羊0.1ml/ kg体重,肌注皮复康缓释剂,3d开始痒觉减轻,5d有25/ 31病例螨虫检查阴性,10和15d分别有26/ 31和29/ 31病例真菌检查阴性,10～30d痊愈,有效期达5个月以上;兔30g/ kg体重,猪和羊20g/ kg体重,口服皮复康粉剂,5～7d见效,5d有20/ 31螨虫检查阴性,10和15d分别有8/ 31和13/ 31病例真菌检查阴性,25～40d痊愈,有效期2个月.在浙江等5省市试用证明,皮复康缓释剂与皮复康粉剂对动物皮癣菌病与螨虫病疗效良好.     

BX—1型保鲜纸防治苹果虎皮病和梨黑皮病的效应

应用BX-1型保鲜纸可有效地防治苹果和梨贮藏期间的表皮褐变。苹果和梨的表皮褐变与果皮中α—法尼烯含量没有直接关系,与α—法尼烯的氧化产物共轭三烯含量直接相关。BX-1型保鲜纸防治苹果和梨表皮褐变的作用机理在于:1.抑制果皮中α—法尼烯的氧化作用;2.吸收果皮组织中共轭三烯,降低共轭三烯在果皮中的含量。