5个一串红品种耐热性鉴定

一串红是夏季园林常见花卉,2008年北京奥运会召开期间正值北京地区夏季高温天气,为使一串红发挥出很好的景观效应,选用耐热性好的品种是关键措施之一。通过对自育的1120#、12#、73#品种和国外引进的展望、王后共5个一串红品种在热胁迫处理下叶绿素含量、电导率、MDA和脯胺酸含量测定,结果表明,随着热处理时间延长,展望和王后叶片叶绿素下降速度最大、细胞膜伤害率上升最快、MDA含量达最大、脯氨酸含量增幅较小,是最不耐热的2个品种,1120#、12#和73#品种耐热性较好。这种耐热性差异在北京地区夏季盆花生产中也得到证实。因此,在夏季高温季节种植一串红,建议选用耐热性较好的1120#、12#和73#品种。     

玉米对低温胁迫的生理响应及不同品种间耐低温能力比较

以中国北方普遍种植的5个玉米品种为供试材料,探索玉米在低温胁迫下的生理响应规律,测试并分析了玉米苗期的光合速率、电导率、脯氨酸浓度的变化,并以此特性参数为依据对作物的抗低温特性进行综合评价。所得到的基本结论如下：光合速率降低幅度较小、电导率增加幅度较低、脯氨酸浓度提高显著的品种,具有较强的抗低温特性;试验中所采用的5个玉米品种,其抗低温冻害能力由强到弱依次为：沈单10号,中单306,农大108,晋单32,陕单902。     

苗期低温对玉米体内脯氨酸,电导率及光合作用的影响

玉米品种吉单１５９在三叶期经６℃、１０℃低温处理３ｄ、６ｄ,脯氨酸含量明显增加,电导率提高,叶发素含量减少,光合速率降低,植株生长表现出明显的延迟型冷害症状．     

棉花耐盐变异体的RAPD分析及抗盐生理研究

The salt-tolerance variation of cotton-Shannong 011 obstained from the offsprings of introducing bluish dogbane (Apocynum venetum) DNA into the Lumian No.6(Gossypium hirsutum) by pollen tube pathway,was used for RAPD analysis. 140 primers used for detecting the polymorphism. Only two primers (OPX一     

温度变化对番茄幼苗抗寒性的影响

在低温（１５℃）,中温（２０℃）,高温（２５℃）条件下生长的番茄幼苗,定植前１５ｄ放置在相同的高温条件（２５℃）测定各处理不同时期幼苗叶片中脯氨酸,束缚水,自由水含量,以观察其抗寒性能的变化,结果表明,在低温下生长的番茄幼苗抗寒性较强,中温下生长的幼苗次之,高温下生长的幼苗抗寒性最差,但三种处理的幼苗放置在同样的高温下抗寒性迅速下降,尤其是低温下生长的幼苗下降幅度最大,到定植叶时不同温度处理幼苗的     

葡萄脯氨酸累积变异系CAT和SOD活性研究

研究了无胁迫和ＮａＣｌ胁迫条件下,同基因型二倍体葡萄４个脯氨酸累积变异系和对照系愈伤组织的过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）和超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性。结果表明,在无胁迫条件下,葡萄脯氨酸累积变异系的ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性显著高于对照系,４个变异系的ＣＡＴ活性分别是对照的２．４１,２．３０,２．２９和２．１３倍,ＳＯＤ活性分别是对照的４．５１,３．６９,３．８４和３．７２倍。在一定浓度ＮａＣｌ胁迫下,对照系和变异系的ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性都有一定的增加,变异系的ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性仍高于对照系。脯氨酸累积变异系ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性高是其对ＮａＣｌ胁迫具有较强抗性的可能原因之一     

重金属对蒲公英种子萌发及叶片渗透调节物质含量的影响

采用水培法利用发芽和出苗试验,研究不同浓度的重金属Hg2+、Pb2+、Cr3+、Cd2+、Cu2+、Zn2+对蒲公英种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:重金属对蒲公英种子萌发有低浓度的促进效应和高浓度的抑制效应.当重金属浓度很低时不影响种子的发芽指数,随着重金属浓度的提高,发芽指数、发芽势、发芽率均会降低, 叶片内的脯氨酸含量均显著增加.可溶性糖含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势.总体上来看,Hg2+的毒性最强,对蒲公英种子萌发的影响程度依次为Hg2+>Cd2+>Pb2+>Cr3+>Cu2+>Zn2+.     

Silicon fertilization modulates 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content,yield formation and grain quality of aromatic rice

Present study aimed to assess silicon (Si) mediated yield, grain quality and regulations in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline accumulation (2-AP) in aromatic rice. Four different levels of Si at 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg kg⁻¹ were applied to two aromatic rice cultivars i.e., Nongxiang 18 and Meixiangzhan 2, while pots without Si were served as control (CK). Results revealed that Si fertilization improved 2-AP, Si and proline contents in leaves and grains as well as activities of proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and net photosynthetic rates (Pn) (in leaves) while interfered with total N contents in leaves and grains. Moreover, leaves N and proline contents, and net photosynthetic rates (Pn) were decreased with plant age i.e., tillering > flowering > maturity while PRODH activities and Si contents were highest at flowering and maturity stages, respectively and minimum at tillering stage. Furthermore, growth, yield and quality components were also improved by Si application but results were not consistent regarding grain quality for both rice cultivars. Further, Si contents in leaves have significant positive relations (r = 0.3974, P < 0.05) with grain 2-AP contents at flowering stage. Hence, Si proved better for both rice cultivars whereas 2-AP contents were higher for Meixiangzhan 2 than Nongxiang 18.     

NaCl胁迫对棉花幼苗生理特性的影响

利用不同浓度NaCl处理中熟棉N181,分析被处理棉花幼苗保护酶活性及MDA、脯氨酸含量的变化,为抗盐新品种的选育提供理论基础.结果表明,经不同浓度NaCl处理后,棉花幼苗叶片中POD、SOD活性和MDA、脯氨酸含量均有明显变化,当0.3％ NaCl胁迫处理3天时,各处理之间差异显著,保护酶活性及脯氨酸含量明显增加,MDA含量降低,说明中熟棉N181在0.3％的NaCl胁迫处理下具有一定耐性.     

越冬期抗寒性不同冬小麦品种间生理指标的比较

以抗寒性不同的4个冬小麦品种为材料,对其在越冬期间叶鞘内丙二醛、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸生理指标的含量进行测定,以分析高寒地区冬小麦抗寒性的遗传改良潜力.越冬期间,抗寒性强的品种(系)的丙二醛含量较低,可溶性蛋白含量较高；在低温驯化期抗寒性强的品种脯氨酸含量迅速增加,在越冬期各品种脯氨酸含量均保持较高水平.