自然条件下人面竹的抗旱生理指标变化研究

为给人面竹在青岛引种提供理论依据,在自然条件下,对人面竹的生态适应性进行了观察研究,并与当地生长的石绿竹的各种抗旱性生理指标的进行了比较。结果表明：在自然持续干旱状况下,人面竹的SOD活性、可溶性糖含量、MDA含量均有不同程度的升高,而生物膜透性有下降趋势。与石绿竹相比,各种测定指标的变化趋势较为一致。采用数学分析法-隶属函数法对测定的竹种进行综合分析评价,人面竹与石绿竹抗旱性几乎相同,从生理指标层次上说明人面竹适合在青岛地区引种栽培。     

洞庭湖水系黄颡鱼的形态差异及染色体组型(英文)

[目的]研究洞庭湖水系黄颡鱼群体的形态特征和染色体组型。[方法]采用常规生物学形态测量及PHA和秋水仙素活体注射方法,分别对洞庭湖水系沅水和澧水的2个黄颡鱼群体进行形态学特征及染色体组型分析。[结果]沅水和澧水的黄颡鱼在体长/头长、体长/尾柄高、头长/吻长3个比例性状上存在显著差异(P<0.05),但它们的染色体数目及组型相同,其染色体数2n=52,核型公式为20M+12SM+10ST+10T,染色体臂数为84。[结论]研究结果对洞庭湖水系野生黄颡鱼资源的保护及开发利用具有一定的理论指导意义。     

黔北地区主要竹种竹材气干密度与力学性质的关系研究

对黔北地区几种主要竹种的气干密度与力学性质的关系研究表明:各竹种的气千密度与力学性质除部分竹种外均存在一定的曲线或直线关系,其中在气干密度与抗剪强度关系中,除慈竹、花吊丝、毛脚龙竹、金佛山方竹等竹种外,其他竹种均可利用回归方程T12=ap12b,T12=ap12+b进行估测.在气干密度与顺纹抗拉强度关系中除硬头黄、花吊...     

羊痘病毒P32基因生物信息学分析

为获得羊痘病毒P32基因生物信息学资料,扩增山羊痘病毒贵州LD株的P32基因,并进行克隆、测序与序列分析;以P32基因的推导氨基酸序列为材料,应用计算机技术和生物学软件预测P32蛋白的跨膜结构、亲水性、抗原指数、柔韧性、表面可及性和二级结构,综合评价P32蛋白的抗原表位.结果表明,羊痘病毒P32基因核苷酸和氨基酸同源性...     

基于土壤有效磷水稻磷肥施用推荐体系的探讨

通过田间试验,研究水稻磷肥(P2O5)施用量与土壤有效磷(P2O5)的关系,建立磷肥推荐体系。结果表明,磷肥施用可有效提高土壤有效磷,施磷量在0~112.5 kg.hm-2,有效磷随施磷量增加而增加,施磷过量后有效磷不再提高。磷肥施用显著提高有效穗和千粒质量,使水稻增产11.4%~29%。施磷量与水稻产量呈一元二次回归关系,回归方程为y=-0.150 1x2+34.716x+7 125.6。本试验条件下,当土壤有效磷超过21.3 mg.kg-1,水稻增产效果不明显,即土壤磷临界值为21.3 mg.kg-1;每公顷土壤增加1 mg.kg-1土壤有效磷,需施入磷肥(P2O5)9.6 kg,即土壤磷临界值为9.6 kg.hm-2。应用一元二次回归方程与磷肥临界值推荐施肥,得出的适宜施磷量较为一致。     

Effect of Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) pre-treatment in inducing resistance against Pythium aphanidermatum infection in Curcuma longa

In vitro experiments were carried out to test the efficacy of plant activator Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM, a benzothiadiazole derivative; trade name Bion 50WG) against rhizome rot disease of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) caused by Pythium aphanidermatum. The plant activator was applied as a liquid rhizome pre-treatment followed by inoculation with P. aphanidermatum. Cell death, activities of pathogenesis related (PR) proteins such as cysteine protease (EC 3.4.22), peroxidases (EC 1.11.1.7) both soluble and ionically bound (IB), trypsin inhibitor (EC 3.4.21.1) and chymotrypsin inhibitor (EC 3.4.21.4) were monitored. Rhizome pre-treatment was effective in controlling P. aphanidermatum infection. Anatomical observation of turmeric rhizomes indicated the presence of calcium oxalate deposits in infected tissue and an accumulation of starch grains in response to infection by P. aphanidermatum. Pathogen infection also induced new basic polypeptides corresponding to 18.0 and 41.0 kDa. Induction of protease, protease inhibitors, soluble and ionically bound peroxidase activity was observed after ASM pre-treatment and P. aphanidermatum infection. ASM treatment also enhanced activities of proteases and peroxidase in rhizomes already infected with P. aphanidermatum. Increases in enzyme activities and protease inhibitors occurred much more rapidly and were enhanced in P. aphanidermatum infected rhizomes that were previously treated with ASM suggesting that increased activities of peroxidases and protease inhibitors may play a key role in restricting the development of disease symptoms on the rhizomes infected with P. aphanidermatum as evidenced by a reduction in cell death. Hence, pretreatment with ASM suppress the P. aphanidermatum induced oxidative damage through higher accumulation of peroxidases and induced defense through activities of protease inhibitors thereby, protected turmeric rhizomes from rhizome rot disease.     

Green composites from maleated castor oil and jute fibres

Castor oil was converted to maleated castor oil (MACO) without any catalyst. MACO was characterized with FTIR, NMR, molecular weight and viscosity measurement. Tung oil (20 wt%) was added to MACO as reactive diluent. Non-woven jute felts were used as reinforcing material. The MACO was polymerized and crosslinked in situ during composite fabrication. The curing behavior of MACO with free radical catalyst was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The MACO/jute composites were tested for their flexural properties, impact strength and dynamic mechanical properties and compared with similar unsaturated polyester resin/jute composites. The flexural moduli of both the composites were nearly similar. The impact strength of MACO/jute composites was 42% higher than that of UPE/jute composites. The damping property of the MACO/jute composites was higher than that of UPE/jute composites over a wide range of temperature.     

原位反应法制备NR/二氧化硅胶膜及其性能分析

研究原位生成对NR胶膜性能的影响。通过对力学性能、热老化性能、红外分析及电镜照片分析,得出原位反应可以在NR分子链中接枝二氧化硅粒子,并且在添加量为1.0%,撕裂强度为87.3721MPa,提高了264.2%。     

台湾甜椒种子中辣椒轻斑驳病毒检测及其致病型鉴定

利用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(DAS-ELISA)、反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和基因序列分析法对一批台湾进境的辣椒种子进行病毒检测及致病型鉴定,同时使用特征序列扩增区域(SCAR)标记引物利用PCR方法对该辣椒品种进行L抗性基因检测。DAS-ELISA及RT-PCR结果表明,从该批种子中检测到辣椒轻斑驳病毒(Peppe rmild mottle virus,PM MoV)。PCR产物测序分析表明,该序列为PM MoV的外壳蛋白(CP)基因,与已报道的PM MoV序列同源性为92.4%～99.8%。CP蛋白氨基酸序列分析表明,该分离物(命名为TW分离物)属于PM MoV的P1,2,3致病型。抗性基因检测表明,该辣椒品种携带有L3抗性基因。TW分离物能够系统侵染该辣椒品种,意味着该分离物已经克服L3基因介导的抗性。本研究报道的PM MoV的P1,2,3致病型在中国大陆尚属首次,这对于抗病辣椒品种的选育具有重要的指导意义。     

Effects of Cement Additives on Properties of CSA Cement from MSWI

Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI) was successfully used as raw material in sintering and preparing a calcium sulphoaluminate (CSA) cement clinker in laboratory. The effects of different types and different addition percentages of cement additives on compressive strength and hydration properties were investigated. The results showed that lime (LI) powder / slag (SL) powder was compatible in CSA cement system while the activities of fly ash(FA)/ MSWI was low. Adding these four types of cement additives in CSA cement system respectively, there were negative effects on compressive strengths of hardened cement at early age while LI/SL improved the compressive strength at later age. The performance of combined additives was better, especially, the specimens with 10%LI+10%SL, 10%LI+10%MSWI, and 5%LI+15%SL.