Responses of soil nematode community structure to soil carbon changes due to different tillage and cover crop management practices over a nine-year period in Kanto,Japan

The response of the soil food web structure to soil quality changes during long-term anthropogenic disturbance due to farming practices has not been well studied. We evaluated the effects of three tillage systems: moldboard plow/rotary harrow (MP), rotary cultivator (RC), and no-tillage (NT), three winter cover-crop types (fallow, FL; rye, RY; and hairy vetch, HV), and two nitrogen fertilization rates (0 and 100 kg N ha⁻¹ for upland rice, and 0 and 20 kg N ha⁻¹ for soybean production) on changes in nematode community structure. Sixty-nine taxa were counted, total nematode abundance (ALL), bacterial feeders (BAC), predators (PRD), omnivores (OMN), and obligatory root feeders (ORF) were more abundant in NT than in MP and RC, but fungal feeders and facultative root feeders (FFR) were more abundant in RC than in NT and MP. Cover crop also influenced nematode community structure; rye and hairy vetch were always higher in ALL, BAC, FFR, ORF, and OMN than fallow. Seasonal changes in nematode community structure were also significant; in particular, as soil carbon increased, nematode abundance also increased. The relationship between nematode indices and soil carbon was significant only in NT, but not in MP and RC. In NT, with increasing soil carbon, enrichment index and structure index (SI) were positive and significant and channel index was negative. Bulk density was significantly negatively correlated with FFR and ORF. Seasonal difference in nematode community between summer and autumn was larger in an upland rice rotation than in a soybean rotation. Over the nine-year experiment, SI increased not only in NT but also in MP and RC, suggesting that repeated similar tillage inversions in agroecosystems may develop nematode community structures adapted to specific soil environmental conditions. Because NT showed the highest values of both SI and soil carbon, the increase of soil carbon in NT is expected to have a great impact on developing a more diverse nematode community structure.     

建阳桔柚的特征特性和高产栽培技术

建阳桔柚具有品质优,风味独特,适应性广,抗逆性强等特征;通过采取“改土增肥,压顶开心,控制旺长,保果疏果”等关键技术和措施,达到优质高产稳产目的。     

碧香无核葡萄在浙江遂昌的引种表现及栽培技术

2011年引入碧香无核葡萄在浙江遂昌县种植,采用水平棚架避雨栽培,该品种长势中庸、抗病、质优、丰产,综合性状表现优良,可作为早熟鲜食葡萄品种在该区域和类似地区进行推广。     

微生物菌剂在蔬菜基质研发与应用上的研究进展

综述了在固体有机废弃物基质发酵过程中,添加微生物菌剂对堆体温度、p H值、养分含量和C/N等关键腐熟指标的影响,分析了微生物菌剂在蔬菜基质育苗和栽培上的应用效果及其作用机制,并展望了微生物菌剂在未来基质研发上的应用前景,以期为含有微生物菌剂的功能型蔬菜基质开发提供新的思路。     

不同栽培模式西番莲的光响应特性

以黄果西番莲Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener和紫果西番莲P. edulis Sims为实验材料,采用Li-6400便携式光合测定仪测定露地及设施栽培模式两种西番莲的光合参数,非直角双曲线模型进行拟合,分析不同栽培模式对两种西番莲叶绿素及光合参数的影响。结果表明,与露地栽培相比,设施栽培模式黄果西番莲的叶绿素含量、表观量子效率（AQY）、光补偿点（Ic）和暗呼吸速率（Rd）无显著变化,最大净光合速率（Pnmax）和光饱和点（Isat）显著降低。紫果西番莲叶绿素含量显著增加,AQY、Pnmax和Isat无显著变化,Ic与Rd降幅较大。两种西番莲叶绿素a/b（Chl a/b）值均显著降低。说明黄果西番莲和紫果西番莲分别在露地栽培模式和设施栽培模式的光合效率更高,能积累更多的光合产物。     

提升公益林生态保护功能质量的技术措施

针对微州区生态公益林现状,提出提升生态公益林生态保护功能质量的培育改造技术措施,除提高生态效益外,最大程度地实现其社会效益和经济效益。     

黑龙江林区平菇栽培管理与病虫害防治技术

介绍了适合黑龙江林区培育的平菇主要栽培品种,从林分选择、菌种选择、作床播种、管理、病虫害防治等方面提出具体经营管理办法。     

我国瓜菜遮阳网覆盖栽培研究进展

遮阳网覆盖栽培已应用到农业生产的各方面，对农业生产的防虫、遮阳、节水、提高产量等方面起到了很大的促进作用。本文从遮阳网在节水灌溉、遮光降温、气体交换、延迟采收、防虫及对作物产量和品质的影响等方面，综述了其在农业生产方面的应用状况和相关研究，为遮阳网的合理科学利用提供参考。     

珍稀树种香果树的利用价值及实用繁殖技术

香果树是我国特有单种属珍稀阔叶树种,属国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生植物,具有较高的推广价值。结合生产实践经验和目前有关科研进展,综合论述了香果树的开发利用价值以及关键培育技术,为开发利用香果树提供了科学理论基础。     

加工萝卜蜀萝9号(038A/C9274)的选育与应用

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