二氧化碳输送管道关键技术研究现状

碳捕集与封存作为减少温室气体排放的重要手段成为全球研究热点，管道运输是该技术得以实施的关键环节。当CO2处于超临界或密相状态时，其具有液体的密度、气体的粘性和压缩性，对于管道运输是最有效率的。由于管输CO2的特殊性质，CO2输送管道与碳氢化合物输送管道存在不同；由于海洋环境的复杂性，CO2海上输送管道与陆地输送管道存在不同。系统总结了实现CO2管道输送需要解决的关键技术问题，着重介绍了CO2输送管道流动保障和延性断裂扩展领域的研究进展，指出CCS作为大规模减少温室气体排放的重要选项，开展与之相关的基础研究十分迫切。（图3，参44）     

改进平衡运输问题表上作业法中的最优方案判别法则

平衡运输问题数学模型的约束条件Ｘｉｊ≥，表明只讨论从发车点驶往收车点，不讨论任何形式的“逆向行驶”，但“逆向行驶”在运输实际中往往发生。本旨在通过改进平衡运输问题表上作业法中的判别法则，解决“逆向行驶”问题，使平衡运输方案真正达到最优化。     

Physiological responses of transported goats treated with ascorbic acid during the hot-dry season

The aim of the present study was to determine the physiological responses of transported Red Sokoto goats (RSG) treated with ascorbic acid (AA). Ten RSG treated orally with ascorbic acid served as experimental subjects, while seven goats treated with sterile water served as the control. The goats were transported for 8 h. The ambient temperature and relative humidity during the study period fluctuated between 21 and 38°C and 51 and 91%, respectively, which indicated that the season was thermally stressful and did not favor transportation of goats. The rectal temperature obtained in the control goats was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than the value in the experimental goats after transportation. There was a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in eosinophil counts and an increase (P < 0.01) in neutrophil counts and neutrophil : lymphocyte ratio recorded in the control goats after transportation, which suggested that the control goats were physically and emotionally stressed. The control goats lost 11.9% of their initial liveweight, while the experimental goats lost only 1.04% after transportation. Multiple stresses, including extreme meteorological factors, acted upon the transported goats and impaired their homeostatic mechanism. In conclusion, AA administration in goats reduced the adverse effects of road transportation stress.     

Excitability scores of goats administered ascorbic acid and transported during hot-dry conditions

In this study, we investigated the effect of ascorbic acid (AA) administration on goat excitability due to transportation. Ten goats administered AA (p.o.) at 100 mg/kg of body weight before transportation served as the experimental group, and seven goats administered only 10ml/kg of sterile water (p.o.) served as controls. Excitability scores were recorded for each goat; when weighed, before, immediately after, and 3 h after 8 h of transportation. A score of one to four was allocated to each goat; higher scores represent greater excitability. Immediately after transportation, excitability scores decreased significantly, especially those of control goats (p < 0.001). At 3 h post-transportation, the excitability scores of animals in the experimental group were not significantly (p>0.05) different from their pre-transportation normal values, whereas those of control goats were significantly lower (p < 0.01). The correlation i.e. the relationship between excitability score values and percent excitability (percentage of goat with particular excitability score) for different excitability score group 3 h post-transportation was positive and highly significant (p < 0.001), in both experimental and control goats. Our results indicate that road transportation induces considerable stress (depression) in goats as evidenced by a lower excitability score post-transportation. Moreover, the administration of AA pre-transportation facilitated the transition from a state of depression to excitation. In conclusion, AA administration to animals prior to transportation may ameliorate the depression often encountered after road transportation.     

智能交通系统研究综述

分析了智能交通系统研究的知识经济背景和发展历程，并提出我国智能交通系统的研究方向和发展对策。     

苏丹混合原油加剂常温输送工艺研究

对苏丹输油管道的加剂常温输送工艺进行了研究,介绍了苏丹混合原油降凝剂的研制开发、分析了加剂苏丹混合原油流变性和模拟技术以及结蜡规律,在借鉴已有的应用加剂综合处理输送技术的基础上,成功地将该项技术应用于苏丹外输管道,该项技术的应用,减少了一次性管道建设的投资,节省了大量的燃油费,取得了良好的经济效益.     

层次分析法在雷达模拟器标绘评估中的应用

根据国际海事组织关于雷达模拟器标绘评估的要求，分析了目前标绘评估方法的不足和层次分析法在评估中的适用性．提出了标绘评估标准的层次结构和基于层次分析法的标绘评估方法，实际应用表明，该方法能对雷达模拟器标绘训练进行比较客观的评估，在一定程度上弱化了评估过程中主观判断的影响．     

柴油存储安全问题分析

根据近期发生的柴油着火爆炸事故,系统分析了柴油发生燃烧和爆炸的危险性,指出并分析了当前柴油存储方面存在的问题,提出了安全存储柴油的措施.     

玻璃纤维增强连续塑料复合管道的应用性能

玻璃纤维增强连续塑料复合管是一种多层结构高性能柔性复合管,具有质量轻、抗腐蚀能力强、承压能力强、制作长度长、可弯曲、施工简易、维护方便、节能环保、使用安全系数高的优点,因此整体使用成本较低,有望逐步取代钢制管道,用于石油天然气的开采和输送.建模分析了玻璃纤维增强连续塑料复合管的力学性能,根据不同要求设计了6种玻璃纤维增强连续塑料复合管道,并实施爆破试验,结果表明:实际爆破压力与理论设计压力基本相同,压力范围为5.5～25 MPa,可以满足实际生产需求.     

利用生产数据确定管输含蜡原油的粘温关系

利用热油管道清管后的生产运行数据和室内测试的含蜡原油粘温规律,得到了确定含蜡原油热输管道在线粘温关系的方法,并应用此方法得到了实际管道中原油的粘温关系.与室内测试的粘温关系比较,利用生产数据得到的粘温关系更接近生产管道中流体的性质.