增加家蚕微粒子病母蛾抽样检查集团蛾数的探讨

在农村原蚕区不断扩大 ,蚕种检验批增多的情况下 ,研究在不影响检种质量的前提下减少检种工作量的抽样检查方法十分必要。提出了在家蚕微粒子病母蛾集团检查中接收概率的近似公式 ,以及增加集团母蛾数 ,减少镜检次数的设想。通过接收概率和平均检查次数的计算、计算机模拟、实际检查操作 ,以及与现行方法的比较 ,证明了接收概率的近似公式的适用性 ,同时也表明集团母蛾数为 6 0蛾的抽样方案与现行集团母蛾数为 30蛾的抽样方案的生产方风险和使用方风险基本相同 ,而平均检查次数大大减少 ,从而证明了其可行性。在检验错误较多情况下 ,这种方法的风险也较大 ,使用时应谨慎。     

侧柏毒蛾的发生情况及防治方法初探

侧柏毒蛾是危害侧柏、蜀桧的重要害虫,本文对该虫的发生情况和各虫期的危害特点进行了观察研究,根据其生物学特性提出了业、物理、生物、化学等方面的防治方法。     

四川省芦山县蛾类调查

从2003年3月至2005年11月,对四川省芦山县的蛾类进行了采集调查,获得蛾类标本4000余只,鉴定出蛾类321种,隶属于212属,23科．其中夜蛾科61种、天蛾科50种、尺蛾科35种、舟蛾科35种、毒蛾科23种、灯蛾科22种、苔蛾科17种、大蚕蛾科12种、枯叶蛾科11种、钩蛾科10种、斑蛾科9种、虎蛾科8种、刺蛾科7种、蚕蛾科4种、圆钩蛾科3种、波纹蛾科3种、带蛾科3种、凤蛾科2种、箩纹蛾科2种、禾蠹蛾科1种、螟蛾科1种、异舟蛾科1种、鹿蛾科1种,根据调查结果,对该地区蛾类昆虫的区系结构进行了分析,该地区蛾类昆虫以东洋界种为主。     

柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液对肝细胞的保护和对高脂血症的治疗效果

为探讨柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液的保健和医用价值,分别就柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液对小鼠的保肝降酶作用和对半胱氨酸所致大鼠高脂血症的影响进行了实验。结果表明：该浓缩液可明显降低四氯化碳中毒小鼠血清中的谷丙转氨酶水平,因而能减少肝细胞变性、坏死的程度和范围,对受损伤的肝组织具有明显保护作用;可明显减轻肝组织脂肪样变性及降低由半胱氨酸所致高脂血症大鼠血清中的胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白浓度,提高高密度脂蛋白浓度,因而对于高脂血症有良好的治疗效果。     

2.5%高氯·苏云金可湿性粉剂防治小菜蛾的田间药效

2.5%高氯·苏云金可湿性粉剂450-750 g·hm-2对小菜蛾防效优良,施药过程中未发现人畜中毒现象,时甘蓝安全,可以大面积推广.     

3种性诱捕器诱捕苹果蠹蛾效果比较及成虫的时序动态变化

通过对3种苹果蠹蛾性诱捕器诱捕效果的比较,发现板式性诱捕器的诱捕效果最好,盆式与瓶式之间无差异;对苹果蠹蛾成虫综合防治果园和未防治果园中的时序变化以及防治措施对成虫动态变化的研究发现,在综合防治果园中苹果蠹蛾成虫的数量明显降低,第1代和第2代成虫每单位诱捕器3 d内诱捕虫头数在2头以下,盛发期前后的2次化学防治为越冬代成虫防治的关健时期.     

家蚕春用品种681×682的性状及推广应用

阐述了中系灰黑蛾品种681与日系白蛾品种68复配成的眷用一代杂交家蚕品种681×682的性状特征及其饵养技术要点,并报告了该品种在安徽省歙县、青阳县和颍上县示范推广饲养情况。表明该品种体质强健、眠起齐一、具有较强的抗病抗逆性,且其茧型大、解舒好、纤度适中,净度优、丝质优,适应省力化养蚕技术饲育。     

Crop losses due to olive moth mediated by ethylene

BACKGROUND:Studies for nine years in southern Spain on the olive moth, Prays oleae Bern., have tested the possibility of altering oviposition behaviour on newly formed olive fruits by means of a single ethylene application. RESULTS: A single spraying of ethylene on the olive trees at the beginning of fruiting significantly decreased the olive moth egg populations and consequent the olive fruit fall. At the same time, no negative effect was found in the activity of natural oophagous predators of the olive moth. CONCLUSIONS: The ethylene treatments against P. oleae yielded substantial economical benefits each year (a mean of euro526 ha(-1)), benefits that fluctuated depending on the olive crop and on the annual fruit fall caused by this major pest.     

Resistance of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), larvae in Michigan to insecticides with different modes of action and the impact on field residual activity

BACKGROUND: The codling moth is one of the principal pests of apple in the world. Resistance monitoring is crucial to the effective management of resistance in codling moth. Three populations of codling moth in neonate larvae were evaluated for resistance to seven insecticides via diet bioassays, and compared with a susceptible population. In addition, apple plots were treated with labeled field rate doses of four insecticides. Treated fruit were exposed to neonate larvae of two populations from commercial orchards. RESULTS: Two populations of codling moth expressed two‐ and fivefold resistance to azinphos‐methyl, seven‐ and eightfold resistance to phosmet, six‐ and tenfold resistance to lambda‐cyhalothrin, 14‐ and 16‐fold resistance to methoxyfenozide and sixfold resistance to indoxacarb, but no resistance to acetamiprid and spinosad. The impact of the resistance to azinphos‐methyl, measured as fruit damage, increased as the insecticide residues aged in the field. In contrast, fruit damage in methoxyfenozide‐ and lambda‐cyhalothrin‐treated fruit was observed earlier for resistant codling moth. No differences in efficacy were found for acetamiprid. CONCLUSIONS: Broad‐spectrum insecticide resistance was detected for codling moth. Resistance to azinphos‐methyl, lambda‐cyhalothrin and methoxyfenozide was associated with reduced residual activity in the field. Broad‐spectrum resistance presents serious problems for management of the codling moth in Michigan. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

春甘蓝田小菜蛾种群动态研究

在田间系统调查的基础上,采用模糊聚类分析和时间动态空间生态位宽度与种群密度关系分析方法,研究了合肥地区春甘蓝田小菜蛾的种群动态,旨在为小菜蛾的科学治理提供依据。研究结果表明,春甘蓝田小菜蛾种群动态可分为3 个发展阶段——点片发生阶段（低密度、高聚块）、扩张发生阶段（中密度、低聚块）和猖獗发生阶段（高密度、低聚块）。小菜蛾对春甘蓝的为害情况比较复杂,种群密度较低时主要为害甘蓝心叶;随着甘蓝的生长和小菜蛾种群密度的上升逐渐向内层叶和外层叶扩展,最终导致甘蓝全株受害。小菜蛾种群处于点片发生阶段时是春甘蓝田小菜蛾防治的关键时期。