药用植物半枝莲的离体快繁

以茎尖为外植体进行了离体快繁研究。利用6-BA×IBA和6-BA×NAA两种激素组合诱导丛生芽,6-BA×IBA激素组合的最佳增殖培养基是MS+6-BA0.5 mg/L+IBA0.1 mg/L,增殖系数可达6.5;6-BA×NAA激素组合的最佳增殖培养基是MS+6-BA0.5 mg/L+NAA0mg/L,增殖系数可达6.1;两种组合无显著性差异。在MS基本培养基上即可生根且长势良好,生根率为100%;诱导丛生芽试验中6-BA浓度不能超过0.5 mg/L,否则会有愈伤组织出现。     

展毛野牡丹种子特性及花粉活力的初步研究

对展毛野牡丹的种子特性和花粉活力进行了初步研究,结果表明:展毛野牡丹的种子细小、数量多,千粒重约0.053 g,每果种子数3 000粒左右;种子为不规则三角形,有深浅2种颜色,浅色与深色种子数量比约为1∶1.45。展毛野牡丹种子的适宜萌发温度为25℃,发芽率可达64.73%;能萌发的是浅色种子,深色种子基本不萌发;光对其种子萌发有促进作用。在展毛野牡丹的异型雄蕊中,具有紫色花药的较长雄蕊的花粉活力要高于具有黄色花药的较短雄蕊。     

西南桦自由授粉子代适应性与斑块大小、遗传多样性间的相关性

以位于广西靖西土石山生态交错区的9个西南桦斑块为研究对象,通过种子收集、种子萌发与幼苗培育试验,揭示西南桦子代适应性与斑块大小、遗传多样性间的关系.结果表明,种子重量与种子萌发率、胚根长、芽苗长呈极显著正相关(p＜0.01),而仅与移苗后2个月时的苗高及移苗后5个月时的地径呈显著正相关(p＜0.05),说明种子萌发阶段母本效应很明显,而在幼苗生长阶段母本效应逐渐减弱;种子千粒重、萌发特征、幼苗生长表现指标与斑块大小、遗传多样性指标大多呈不显著相关(p＞0.05)或呈显著负相关,而且各石山斑块跟土山大斑块间的地理距离与相应斑块的子代适应性指标大多呈负相关,说明斑块间存在强烈的花粉流,这种相关性规律是斑块大小以及斑块间地理距离等因素共同作用的结果.     

卷叶贝母愈伤组织超低温保存关键技术研究

[目的]建立一套完整、快速和经济的卷叶贝母超低温保存关键技术。[方法]对卷叶贝母愈伤组织超低温保存技术中的预培养时间、保护剂类型和解冻方式进行了研究。[结果]预培养时间、冷冻保护剂类型和解冻方式均是影响卷叶贝母愈伤组织冷冻保存过程中的关键因素。经预培养9 d、由10%二甲基亚砜和0.5 mol/L山梨醇组合的复合冷冻保护剂冷冻、在40℃水浴条件下解冻的卷叶贝母愈伤组织其保存效果最佳,保存后细胞的存活率可达87.39%。[结论]为更好地保护卷叶贝母种质资源提供了参考。     

展毛野牡丹种子特性及花粉活力的初步研究

对展毛野牡丹的种子特性和花粉活力进行了初步研究,结果表明：展毛野牡丹的种子细小、数量多,千粒重约0.053 g,每果种子数3 000粒左右;种子为不规则三角形,有深浅2种颜色,浅色与深色种子数量比约为1∶1.45。展毛野牡丹种子的适宜萌发温度为25℃,发芽率可达64.73%;能萌发的是浅色种子,深色种子基本不萌发;光对其种子萌发有促进作用。在展毛野牡丹的异型雄蕊中,具有紫色花药的较长雄蕊的花粉活力要高于具有黄色花药的较短雄蕊。     

黄杜鹃花提取物对稻瘿蚊的产卵忌避作用

黄杜鹃花甲醇浸提物及其乙酸乙酯萃取物对稻瘿蚊的选择性产卵忌避率均在９０％以上，非选择性忌避率为８３％～８４％，忌避率明显高于二氯甲烷萃取物和甲醇－水萃取物，非选择性试验各处理试虫遗腹卵数与对照组无显著差别，试验结果表明，可望将黄杜鸣开发成害虫行为调节剂应用于综合防治（ＩＰＭ）。     

柳杉木材边材木醋液中的成分研究

用毛细管气相色谱法对日本柳杉木材边材炭化得到的木醋液中的37种成分进行定性和定量分析.结果表明,醇类、酮类、羧酸类、呋喃类、苯酚类及愈创苯酚类是其主要成分.用溶剂萃取-硅胶柱层析法进一步分离处理木醋液,纯化出炭化过程中产生的手性脱水内醚糖-左旋葡聚糖(LGA,1,6-脱水-β-D-葡萄糖),但其不能被毛细管气相色谱法检...     

细胞内分裂及细胞内复制诱导

以中国雄性仓鼠饰成纤维细胞(Don细胞株)为实验材料,用二乙基己烯雌酚(DES)作诱导物,诱使细胞进行细胞内复制和细胞内分裂。实验采用不同剂量、不同处理时间和恢复时间,取得了良好的结果。在18个试验组中,有50％的试验组获得成功,最高诱导频率达56％,是前人研究结果的2.4倍,同时降低了诱导物质的毒性,加大了有效诱导剂量与毒害剂量间的差距,使有效诱导剂量的变化,高低相差10倍;使发生诱变的细胞大量存活,同时进行分裂活动。     

Dissolved organic carbon (doc) and dissolved organic nitrogen (don) content of an arenosol as affected by liming in a pot experiment

The effect of liming materials was investigated on the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) content of the soil in a pot experiment on an acidic soil using oat (Avena sativa L. ) as an indicator plant. Soil samples were taken three times during the growing season. The lime rates applied were 0, 1, 2, 3 g calcite/pot and 0.92, 1.84, 2.76 g dolomite/pot, respectively. Due to an increase in soil pH and microbial activity the DOC concentration significantly increased with increasing lime doses at all three samplings. An exponential relationship was found between soil pH and DOC concentration: y v = v 0.3733e 0.7893x , r v = v 0.903***. Lime had a significant effect on DON concentration at the first sampling, while for the remainder of the growing period no further significant increases were found. This could be explained by the fact that the biodegradability of DOC and DON differs under conditions of the experiment, resulting in a decrease in the N content of the dissolved organic matter, while the amount of DOM and DOC increased with increasing pH. Because of the above mentioned facts the DOC/DON ratio increased significantly with liming. There were no significant changes in the dissolved organic carbon content of the soil during the 15-week growing period, while DON concentration decreased significantly. It can be explained by the initial addition of N fertilizer, which increased the DON quantity at the first sampling in the soil.     

New neo-clerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata with cytotoxic activities

Two new neo-clerodane diterpenoids have been isolated from the whole plant of Scutellaria barbata D. Don, and their structures were established by detailed spectral analyses as scutehenanine H (1) and 6-(2,3-epoxy-2-isopropyl-n-propoxyl)barbatin C (2). In vitro, the isolated two new compounds showed significant cytotoxic activities against three human cancer lines, and gave IC₅₀ values in the range OF 2.0-4.2 μΜ.