Bacillus subtilis as an alternative biologically based strategy for controlling Fusarium wilt disease in tomato: A histological study

The employment of formulateBacillus subtilis as a biocontrol agent successfully controlledFusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici within tomato seedlings (in vivo). B. subtilis was able to proted cortex and vascular tissues of tomato against progression of the wilt pathogen. No changes were observed in tomato tissues due to application ofB. subtilis except for hypertrophy and elongation of cortex tissues, which indicates the production of plant growth hormones byB. subtilis.     

抗香蕉枯萎病菌拮抗菌的鉴定及其定殖

通过逐步提高药物浓度方法,获得了抗利福平400μg/ml、对香蕉枯萎病菌拮抗活性稳定的T2WF和W10标记菌株。初步确定两菌株为芽孢杆菌属细菌。采用灌根接种法,在香蕉苗根际土和香蕉苗体内定殖结果表明,拮抗菌液接种浓度为5×104cfu/ml,两菌株均可从香蕉根际土和香蕉体内分离到,并在香蕉体内定殖和传导。在香蕉根际土、根部、球茎和假茎中,T2WF标记菌的菌量高峰分别出现在接种后5、5、11和3d,分别为707、437、273、117cfu/mg;而W10标记菌的菌量高峰分别出现在接种后5、3、5和5d,分别为784、260、253、110cfu/mg。两菌株在香蕉根际土和香蕉体内1~15d的消长动态均有一个共同的“由升到降”趋势。从数量和数量变动幅度上看,香蕉根部的菌量明显高于茎部的菌量。     

Pseudomonas sp.20#-5防治烟草黑胫病田间试验初报

20^#-5菌株是本实验室从土壤中分离保存的1株假单胞菌,2006年对其发酵液防治烟草黑胫病进行了田间防效试验。结果显示,不同发病时期20^#-5菌发酵液的防治效果在64.39%～79.70%,高于对照药剂,防治效果较好。不同施药时期调查结果表明,发病前施用20^#-5菌发酵液的防治效果要好于发病后施用,说明20^#-5菌发酵液对烟草黑胫病具有有效的预防作用。     

出口萝卜种子中芸薹生链格孢的分离与鉴定

本文对酒泉出境萝卜种子上发现的链格孢菌(Alternariasp.)进行了形态学和分子生物学鉴定,根据结果,将这种链格孢鉴定为芸薹生链格孢(Alternariabrassicicola);该种病原菌是危害十字花科蔬菜种子生产的世界性病原真菌,在甘肃酒泉繁种基地过去未见报道。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Spongospora subterranea</Emphasis> soil contamination and its relationship to severity of powdery scab on potatoes

We investigated soil contamination by Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea (Sss) and disease severity of powdery scab in 29 potato fields in Hokkaido, Japan, using a hydroponic culture method with tomato seedlings as bait plants. The quantity of Sss infection on the roots of bait plants was evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and expressed in terms of the infection potential in the soil. The infection potential was positively correlated with the disease severity of harvested tubers, whereas the spore ball density determined using PCR had an indistinct relationship with disease severity. The infection potential can be useful in evaluating soil contamination and in applying countermeasures against powdery scab.     

醋糟代替棉籽壳栽培平菇的研究

本文从试验中得出,以醋渣全部或部分取代棉籽壳栽培平菇的配料技术和适宜的平菇菌种。     

灵芝子实体及其深层培养产物特性的研究

本文对灵芝（Ｇ—６）子实体与发酵菌丝体的粗多糖、多糖组份、粗蛋白及氨基酸组成进行了比较。结果表明：发酵菌丝体中含有子实体中所具备的组份,但各组份在量上不同。菌丝体中的粗多糖及多糖含量均高于子实体分别为子实体的２．２６倍、３．５倍。菌丝体的蛋白含量明显高于子实体,比子实体高２．４７倍,且两者氨基酸组成不一致。其中子实体中必需氨基酸为总氨基酸量的５８．４％,而菌丝体中必需氨基酸为总氨基酸的４５．２％。     

Two in vitro assays to evaluate resistance in Linum usitatissimum to Fusarium wilt disease

Two types of in vitro seedling tests were developed to evaluate resistance in flax (Linum usitatissimum) against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini. In the first test a solid medium was used. The second test was based on a liquid medium. Disease severity was assessed after three weeks, using the observed reduction of plant length as a scale. Both methods proved to be useful for screening for resistance, for evaluating race specificity of resistance and for studying symptomatology. The solid medium method proved to be the more accurate for the screening, but the liquid medium method was much less time- and labour-consuming. The results of the tests were significantly correlated with observations under field conditions.     

小麦条锈菌吸器分离方法研究

[目的]从小麦条锈菌侵染的叶片中分离纯度较高且结构较完整的吸器.[方法]根据锈菌吸器表面含有可以与伴刀豆球蛋白凝集素(Concanavalin A)结合的糖类物质的特性,参照蚕豆锈菌吸器的分离方法对小麦条锈菌吸器进行了分离.[结果]从被条锈菌侵染小麦叶片中成功分离出条锈菌吸器,提取吸器的纯度为83.3％,提取率为5.0×105个/g小麦叶片鲜重.[结论]根据蚕豆锈菌吸器的分离方法,稍作改进,成功分离得到小麦条锈茵吸器,为小麦条锈菌功能基因组学及其致病机制的研究奠定了基础.     

水杉色二孢毒素生物活性研究

水杉枯萎病病原菌色二孢（Ｄｉｐｌｏｄｉａ ｓｐ）真菌可以产生有毒代谢物。生物测定结果表明：该毒素具有广谱性，对裸子植物水杉和池杉、被子植物中杨柳科的垂柳、安石榴科的石榴等树木枝条具致萎作用，对小麦、玉米、油菜等种子的发芽及生长具有一定的抑制作用。粗毒素透析及稳定性测试表明：该毒素成分复杂，包括可以透过和不能透过半透膜的组分，具有很强的热稳定性，但在室温下放置长时间后活性会降低。