PRRSV特异性肽对CSF、PRRS免疫猪IFN-Y、IL-10分泌的影晌

应用PRRSV-GP5特异性肽刺激CSF、PRRS免疫猪外周血淋巴细胞,采用EI。IsA方法测定不同时间点淋巴细胞分泌IFN-7及IL-10的水平,分析PRRSv_GP5特异性肽刺激后,淋巴细胞培养上清中细胞因子的变化规律。结果显示,CSFV高抗PRRSV低抗体组于PRRSV免疫14d,肽刺激组中IFN-7水平显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）;其他组均差异不显著（P〉0．05）。PRRSV免疫14d,细胞培养24,72h后加PRRSV—GP5肽刺激,各组中试验组与对照组相比IL-10水平明显降低（P〈0．01）;PRRSV免疫28d,各组中肽刺激组与空白组相比,IL-10水平均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结果表明,PRRSV-GP5肽在PRRSV免疫早期可以促进IFN-7的分泌,并抑制IL-10的产生,但在免疫后期对淋巴细胞分泌的调节作用还需进-步研究。     

High‐level exogenous trans10, cis12 conjugated linoleic acid plays an anti‐lipogenesis role in bovine mammary epithelial cells

Primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were treated by 0, 37.5, 75, 112.5, 150 μmol/L trans10, cis12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to evaluate the effects of different level trans10, cis12 CLA on lipogenesis in BMEC. Addition of 75–150 μmol/L trans10, cis12 CLA reduced significantly the triacylglycerol (TAG) content (P < 0.05), but did not have inhibiting action on cell proliferation (P > 0.05). Treatment with 150 μmol/L trans10, cis12 CLA for 48 h resulted in a 17.1% reduction (P < 0.0001) of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA, C14 < C < C16), a 26.5% reduction (P < 0.0001) of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and a corresponding reduction of the mRNA abundance of acetyl coenzyme A (acetylCoA) carboxylase (ACC) (P = 0.046), fatty acid synthase (FAS) (P = 0.017) and stearoylCoA desaturase1 (SCD1) (P = 0.002). Another finding was that trans10, cis12 CLA elevated expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase2 (DGAT2) (P = 0.020) and long chain acylCoA synthetases (ACSL) (P = 0.032). In conclusion, higher trans10, cis12 CLA, not low trans10, cis12 CLA, inhibited milk fat synthesis and changed fatty acid composition by regulating the expression of FAS, ACC, SCD1, DGAT2 and ACSL.     

A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Phase I Inactivated Vaccines to Reduce Shedding of Coxiella burnetii From Sheep and Goats From Routes of Public Health Importance

Q fever in humans and coxiellosis in livestock are both caused by Coxiella burnetii. The public health importance of vaccination against C. burnetii shedding from sheep and goats was evaluated using systematic review and meta‐analysis to provide evidence for policy direction to prevent potential zoonotic spread. Publications reporting shedding of C. burnetii in vaginal and uterine secretions, milk, placenta and faeces were included. A single observational (one goat) and seven experimental (four goat and three sheep) vaccine studies were included in the review. No relevant publications on other interventions were identified. Random effects meta‐analyses were performed for the risk of shedding in individuals in the control and vaccinated groups and for the mean difference in the level of bacterial shedding in sheep and goats stratified by age and previous exposure status. Limited data were available for further analytic evaluation. From the pooled analysis, an inactivated phase I vaccine significantly reduced the risk of shedding from uterine (RR = 0.10; 95%CI 0.05–0.20) secretions in previously sensitized goats. Individual studies reported significant risk reduction in milk (RR = 0.03; 95%CI 0.01–0.26), vaginal secretions (RR = 0.40; 95%CI 0.22–0.75) and faeces (RR = 0.79; 95%CI 0.63–0.97) from naïve goats. The pooled mean levels of bacteria shed from placental [mean difference (MD = ?5.24 Log₁₀; 95%CI ?6.75 to ?3.7)] and vaginal (MD = ?1.78 Log₁₀; 95%CI ?2.19 to ?1.38) routes were significantly decreased in vaccinated naïve goats compared with controls. Shedding through all other routes from vaccinated goats was not significantly different than shedding from control goats. No effect of vaccination was found on the risk of shedding or the mean level of shedding in vaccinated sheep compared with control sheep. Our conclusions are based on a limited amount of data with variable risk of systematic error.     

粉垄“4453”增产提质效应及其利民利国发展潜能

袁隆平院士接受媒体记者提出:"粉垄技术可在全国推广"。该文介绍了粉垄重构农田耕作层具"4453"效应,即:"四增"—增加耕层松土量、土壤原生养分利用量,增大"土壤水库"、"土壤氧气库";"四减"—减少水土流失、碳排放量,减低耕层土壤含盐量、重金属含量;"五抗"—增强作物抗干旱、高温、低温、病害、倒伏等能力;"三提高"—促进作物光合效率提高10%以上,产量提高10%~30%以上,品质提高5%以上;人力、畜力、拖拉机耕作依次具增产10%规律,粉垄耕作则还具函拖拉机耕作加上再翻倍深松耕层叠加效应可达20甚至更高增产;指出如全国推广10亿亩,可增贮天然降水400亿立方,盘活土壤原生养分后可减少化肥施用量70多亿千克,新增粮食可多养活3亿多人,产生总体效应还可以助力提升国民身体健康水平和社会稳定、国家安全。     

铅对3种烟草的毒害效应及其临界浓度

通过盆栽试验,研究铅对福建省3个主栽烟草品种（翠碧1号、K326、云烟87）的毒害效应及其临界值。结果表明,在铅毒害时,烟草表现为植株变矮、叶面积减小、根长变短。不同生长时期烟草对铅毒害的敏感性不同,生长中期较敏感。不同部位对铅毒害的敏感性不同,茎比其他部位敏感;下部叶比中上部叶敏感。翠碧1号、K326、云烟87不同部位的 EC10值（生物量降低10％时土壤中有效铅的浓度）依次为：下部叶＜根部＜茎＜中部叶＜上部叶;根部＜上部叶＜茎＜下部叶＜中部叶;上部叶＜下部叶＜茎＜根＜中部叶。3种烟草品种中翠碧1号对铅毒害最敏感,且中部叶为烟草食用的重要部位。因此,采用翠碧1号中部叶的 EC10值代表土壤铅对3种烟草毒害临界值,为66．88mg·kg－1,此值可以作为福建省植烟土壤铅的毒害临界值制定的依据。     

西藏墨竹工卡积雪时空分布特征分析

利用MODIS10A2积雪产品数据（2001～2013年）对西藏墨竹工卡县积雪的时间变化及其空间分布特征进行分析,结果表明,西藏墨竹工卡地区墨竹工卡98.62％的区域积雪持续日数是不超过180d;积雪随着海拔升高,持续天数也在增加;积雪覆盖率年际变化趋势不明显,但季节性差异大.     

种植密度对克单10号产量和生理指标的影响

为了进一步提高玉米产量,以克单10号为试材,在3种植密度下,研究了种植密度对克单10号的产量和生理指标的影响。结果表明:随着种植密度增加,玉米个体产量、主要产量相关性状、单株叶面积及单株地上部干物质积累量均呈现降低的趋势,群体地上部干物质积累量和群体叶面积指数则呈现升高趋势。其中种植密度为4.5万~6.0万株·hm-2时,产量最高。     

苦参注射液治疗乙型肝炎性肝硬化疗效及其作用机制研究

目的：观察苦参注射液对慢性乙型肝炎性肝硬化的临床效果及其作用机制.方法将58例慢性乙型肝炎性肝硬化患者随机分为观察组和对照组,在一般支持治疗的基础上,观察组加用苦参注射液,治疗8周后,比较两组肝功能、肝纤维化指标.结果观察组肝功能改善显著,肝纤维化减轻,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论在正常治疗基础上加用苦参注射液,有助于肝炎性肝硬化患者的肝功能恢复,有较好的临床效果.其作用机制可能是通过影响外周单核细胞IL-10表达、调节机体促炎抗炎平衡而实现的.