Comparison of sampling sites and detection methods for Haemophilus parasuis

Objective To improve the isolation rate and identification procedures for Haemophilus parasuis from pig tissues. Design Thirteen sampling sites and up to three methods were used to confirm the presence of H. parasuis in pigs after experimental challenge. Procedure Colostrum‐deprived, naturally farrowed pigs were challenged intratracheally with H parasuis serovar 12 or 4. Samples taken during necropsy were either inoculated onto culture plates, processed directly for PCR or enriched prior to being processed for PCR. The recovery of H parasuis from different sampling sites and using different sampling methods was compared for each serovar. Results H parasuis was recovered from several sample sites for all serovar 12 challenged pigs, while the trachea was the only positive site for all pigs following serovar 4 challenge. The method of solid medium culture of swabs, and confirmation of the identity of cultured bacteria by PCR, resulted in 38% and 14% more positive results on a site basis for serovars 12 and 4, retrospectively, than direct PCR on the swabs. This difference was significant in the serovar 12 challenge. Conclusion Conventional culture proved to be more effective in detecting H parasuis than direct PCR or PCR on enrichment broths. For subacute (serovar 4) infections, the most successful sites for culture or direct PCR were pleural fluid, peritoneal fibrin and fluid, lung and pericardial fluid. For acute (serovar 12) infections, the best sites were lung, heart blood, affected joints and brain. The methodologies and key sampling sites identified in this study will enable improved isolation of H parasuis and aid the diagnosis of Glässer's disease.     

右美托咪定抑制NOX4缓解急性应激致大鼠肾损伤

本研究拟探索右美托咪定（dexmedetomidine,DEX）对大鼠急性应激致肾损伤的保护作用,并从氧化应激的角度探索DEX对大鼠肾的保护通路。本研究使用了急性束缚应激模型,其中,大鼠被迫游泳15 min,并束缚3 h。本试验采用生化检测、组织病理学切片观察以评估肾功能,然后测定了氧化应激以及氧化应激的相关通路蛋白。旷场试验证实成功建立了急性应激模型。急性应激引起的肾损伤增加了NOX4,降低了Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1表达水平。DEX可降低NOX4表达,同时升高Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1的表达水平。DEX治疗组与急性应激组相比的肾生化结果明显恢复正常,病理切片观察损伤显著降低。试验结果表明,DEX治疗急性应激可影响NOX4/Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1信号通路,并抑制氧化应激。因此,DEX对急性应激引起的肾损伤具有保护作用,并在应激综合征中具有潜在的临床应用。     

白菜型油菜DFR基因的克隆与序列分析

By using RACE (rapid amplification ofcDNA ends) based homologous cloning strategy, we have successfully isolated the genomic and full-length cDNA sequences of a gene encoding typical DFR (dihydroflavonol-4-reductase) from black-seeded Brassica campestris L. var. oleifera DC.. The gene, designated BcDFR here, is 1 722bp in length and harbors 5 introns with typical splice sites of plant DFR genes. BcDFR cDNA is 1311bp in length with a 1 158bp ORF as well as a 25bp 5‘ UTR and a 128bp 3‘ UTR. The encoded BcDFR protein is 385 aa with a calculated Mw of 42.85kD and a pI value of 5.55. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of this gene share extensive homologies to plant DFR genes of wide origins especially high similarities to Cruciferous DFR genes. Sequence analyses such as phylogenetic analysis, conserved domain search and substrate specificity region detection all indicated that BcDFR gene is a quite potentially biofunctional gene. Its cloning enables us to further dissect the possible relatedness between DFR gene and Brassica seed coat color traits and to create transgenic novel yellow-seeded rapeseed germplasm through antisense- or RNAi-suppression of DFR gene expression in black-seeded elite cultivars.     

Work-hardening Mechanism of Non-magnetic High Manganese ZG25Mn18Cr4 Castings

The important character of non-magnetic high manganese ZG25 Mn18Cr4 alloy is rapid work-hardening under external stress. With X-ray diffraction and TEM analysis, it is proved that the microstructures of both undeformed and deformed matrixes are austenite and carbide with some striation structure in the matrixes, the amount of stripes in the deformed matrix is obviously more than that in the undeformed matrix. Electronic diffraction analysis confirmed that the stripes in coarse austenite grains are high density lamination fault sheets. A great deal of lamination fault sheets produced by plastic deformation divides up austenite matrix, shortens the free distance of dislocation movement and results in the rapid work-hardening of ZG25Mn18Cr4 alloy.     

锌元素对籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织绿苗分化率的影响

本实验就锌元素对籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织绿苗分化率的影响进行了研究，结果指出：(1)锌元素能明显提高籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织绿苗分化频率，且使用浓度范围较广(0.5～10μmol/L)，其中以锌浓度1μmol/L效果较好；(2)在本实验范围内各籼稻品种对锌元素的反应是一致的，但品种间差异很大，其中中早14绿苗分化率较高；(3)锌脉冲试验指     

Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢摩擦副复配添加剂协同效应

对Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢副在油性剂T406与极压抗磨剂P120复配作用下的摩擦磨损性质进行了对比试验研究.采用SSX-550型扫描电子显微镜观察试件的磨损表面形貌,并用能量散射谱仪进行了磨损表面的化学元素分析.结果表明,T406与P120复配对该摩擦副有较明显的减磨抗磨协同作用,最佳复配比例为1.0%T406＋2.0%P120.能谱分析结果表明,T406与P120复配时,产生的协同作用主要是在GCr15钢摩擦表面形成的化学反应膜,Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢副的磨损形式主要为磨料磨损和化学腐蚀磨损.     

基于拉格朗日的冗余驱动并联机构刚体动力学建模

针对4-UPS-RPU 4自由度冗余驱动并联机构的刚体动力学建模问题,基于拉格朗日方程建立冗余驱动并联机构动力学模型。首先,推导出4-UPS-RPU冗余驱动并联机构系统的动能表达式、势能表达式和作用于并联机构非保守力的等效广义力;然后,应用拉格朗日法建立4-UPS-RPU冗余驱动并联机构的动力学模型,为并联机构驱动力的求解以及整个机构的动力学分析奠定基础;最后结合算例,采用Matlab编程对动力学模型进行数值计算并绘制了机构驱动杆驱动力变化曲线,将上述分析结果与ADAMS虚拟仿真结果对比验证了所建动力学模型的正确性。研究不仅为4-UPS-RPU 4自由度冗余驱动并联机构动力学优化设计和控制等后续研究提供了理论依据,也为其他冗余驱动并联机构的动力学建模提供了可行的方法。