Comparative efficiency of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria under greenhouse conditions for promoting growth and aloin-A content of Aloe barbadensis

This study was conducted with Aloe barbadensis in order to investigate the efficacy of four phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), Pseudomonas synxantha 10223, Burkholderia gladioli 10242, Enterobacter hormaechei 10240 and Serratia marcescens 10241 to solubilize Mussorie rock phosphate (MRP) and to evaluate its effects on growth, soluble P content and P uptake compared with control, i.e. uninoculated plants. Pot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, in soil supplemented with MRP. Each PSB treatment showed different effects on different plant growth parameters. The maximum increase in leaf length (23.7%), total number of leaves (33.33%) and dry rind weight (69.10%) was observed in plants treated with P. synxantha 10223 compared with control. Whereas, maximum increase in root length (23.43%), fresh leaves weight (79.03%), dry gel weight (113.08%) and total gel volume (112.10%), was observed in plants treated with S. marcescens 10241 compared with uninoculated plants. Maximum increase in aloin-A content [114.92% (per g dry gel weight) and 322.32% (per plant dry gel weight)] was observed in plants treated with P. synxantha 10223 compared with control plants. Root colonization by inoculated PSB as estimated by RAPD technique showed that all PSB were able to survive in the rhizosphere of Aloe plants.     

芦荟凝胶稳定化技术的研究现状

分析了影响芦荟凝胶稳定的主要因素,并对芦荟凝胶的稳定化技术进行了综述,为芦荟产业的发展提供理论依据。     

Callus Induction of Aloe vera L var chinensis (Haw) Berg

Studies were given to the induction and growth of callus of Aloe vera L.var.chinensis(Haw.) Berg when the young stem was applied as explant.MS was taken as basic medium,added with various concentrations of auxins(IAA,IBA,NAA and 2,4-D),cytokinins(6-BA,KT and Zeatin) and the different combinations of these plant growth regulators.Results showed that the callus is barely induced by cytokinin alone,and the callus induction rates have significant difference when different concentrations of auxin and different combinations of auxin with cytokinin are used on the MS medium.In order to inhibit callus browning during culturing,various concentrations of vitamin C or active carbon are added into four combinations of auxin and cytokinin respectively,which can induce callus most effectively.The result showsd that vitamin C can alleviate callus browning more effectively than the active carbon.The most efficient medium for induction and growth of callus of Aloe vera L.var.chinensis(Haw.) Berg was MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L 2,4-D+10 mg/ L vitamin C,with which the callus induction rate can reach to 91.4% and callus grow vigorously.     

NaCl对库拉索芦荟的胁迫效应研究

温室盆栽条件下，研究了100～400mmol／L NaCl胁迫对2年生库拉索芦荟的生长及体内离子分布的影响。结果表明，100mmoL／L NaCl处理下芦荟植株干重和叶片叶绿素含量与对照差异不显著，200和400mmol／L NaCl处理下干重和叶绿素含量显著下降；芦荟根系活力在200mmol／L NaCl处理下达到最大值，增加盐浓度，根系活力下降；盐胁迫处理的叶片电解质渗漏率显著高于对照，随着胁迫强度的增加而增加。盐胁迫下，芦荟体内Na^＋和Cl^-含量随着盐浓度的增加而增加，K^＋和Ca^2＋表现出相反的变化趋势。Na^＋主要积累在茎部，叶片和根系含量较小；Cl^-主要积累在叶片，茎部含量相对高于根系。盐胁迫下芦荟体内K^＋和Ca^2＋含量明显低于对照，随着盐浓度增加，叶片K^＋含量明显增加，Ca^2＋则相反。芦荟叶片保持相对较低的Na^＋／K^＋比率和较强的K^＋和Ca^2＋向上选择性运输能力，是芦荟具有一定耐盐性的重要原因。     

木立芦荟叶片愈伤组织诱导过程中防褐化的研究

以木立芦荟叶片作外植体,培养于附加6-BA 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L的MS培养基上。添加不同浓度的活性炭及维生素C附加物成分,研究木立芦荟在叶片愈伤组织诱导过程中,各种附加物成分对防止褐化的影响。结果表明:活性炭和维生素C均可有效防止褐化,2.0 g/L的活性炭或0.2 g/L的维生素C能不同程度的减轻褐化,效果最好,活性炭和维生素C配合使用时,以2.0 g/L活性炭与0.1 g/L维生素C配合使用时最理想。     

库拉索芦荟组培中的褐变现象及防止

[目的]研究库拉索芦荟组培中的褐变现象,寻求防止褐变的有效措施。[方法]以库拉索芦荟茎尖、中部茎段和根茎为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,分别附加NAA0.1 mg/L和不同浓度的6-BA(1.0、1.5、2.0、3.0、4.0 mg/L),研究不同外植体类型、激素浓度以及培养温度、活性炭等因素对芦荟组培褐变的影响。[结果]用库拉索芦荟茎尖做外植体,MS+6-BA2.0 mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L做培养基,芦荟组培褐化程度较轻;培养基中加入活性炭500.0 mg/L,环境温度控制在25℃有利于减轻褐变。[结论]茎尖是最佳的外植体,适宜的6-BA浓度(2.0 mg/L)可抑制褐变,添加活性炭和适宜的培养温度均能防止褐变死亡的发生。     

改进的CTAB法提取中华芦荟叶总RNA

[目的]为分离中华芦荟次生代谢相关基因,构建成熟叶cDNA文库,探索从适合富含多糖和凝胶植物组织中提取高质量RNA的方法。[方法]以中华芦荟成熟叶为材料,采用改进的CTAB方法提取纯化芦荟叶总RNA。[结果]所提取的叶总RNAOD260/OD280值为1.88,电泳显示28 S1、8 S条带完整清晰,以此RNA为模板的RT-PCR结果显示目标特异条带。[结论]用该方法提取的RNA可用于cDNA合成、文库构建等后续分子生物学实验。     

木立芦荟和三角芦荟的组织培养和低成本快繁

以MS+BA3+NAA0.2和MS+BA4+NAA0.2分别为木立芦荟(AloearborescensMill)和三角芦荟(AloemitriformisMill)的诱导培养基.1/2MS+BA2+NAA0.2和MS+BA3+NAA0.2分别为两种芦荟的增殖培养基,对茎段、茎尖和吸芽进行离体培养.以4周为一个继代周期,每周期可增殖6～8倍,现已经过26个继代周期,一个外植体每年可增殖至813个芽苗.为减轻褐化,降低温度至22℃、光照强度800lx,附加活性炭3～5g@L-1.用白糖替代蔗糖,自来水替代蒸馏水,果酱瓶替代三角瓶,既不影响培养效果又可降低生产成本.     

芦荟的组织培养快速繁殖技术研究

以库拉索芦荟的叶片、茎段为外植体进行离体培养,结果表明,茎段可诱导形成愈伤组织,并分化出芽.以Ms为基本培养基,建立了库拉索芦荟的快速繁殖体系,其中以含BA 2.0mg@L-1,2,4-D 0.1 mg@L-1的培养基诱导分化频率较高;在芦荟组培苗的生根培养中,以含有IBA 1.0 mg@L-1的培养基生根效果较好.此外,还对芦荟组培苗的移栽条件及生长条件进行了研究,发现在锯末中的移栽效果较好,成活率可达90%以上.     

库拉索芦荟凝胶液的提取工艺研究

以美国库拉索芦荟为原料,分别采用鲜榨汁法、冷榨汁法、超声波破碎法和酶法提取芦荟凝胶液,并分析了凝胶液的活性成分及其稳定性,结果表明:采取不同提取工艺获得的凝胶液功效成分差异明显。酶法提取获得的凝胶液出汁率高,多糖、蛋白质、有机酸及过氧化物酶含量较高,是制备高档芦荟凝胶液的最佳选择;而超声波破碎法所获得的芦荟凝胶液稳定性最好。另外,还探讨了芦荟综合利用的相关工艺,提出针对不同的应用领域应采取相应的提取工艺。