三江源地区1961−2019年降水量时空变化特征

利用三江源地区13个气象站1961?2019年共59年的降水量资料,基于一元线性回归、滑动平均法、气候倾向率和重标极差分析等方法,研究源区降水量的时空演变规律和未来变化趋势.结果表明:三江源地区年均降水量为470.7?mm,并以10.31?mm·10?a?1的速率增加.黄河源区春季降水量最大,其余三季以澜沧江源区最高,...     

Use of geographical information systems as a tool for predicting fish yield in tropical reservoirs: case study on Sri Lankan reservoirs

Use of geographical information systems (GIS) in inland fisheries has hitherto been essentially restricted to site evaluation for aquaculture development and assessment of limnological changes in time and space in individual water bodies. The present GIS study was conducted on the land-use pattern of the catchments of nine reservoirs in Sri Lanka, for which detailed fishery data, viz. yield, fishing intensity, landing size of major constituent species, together with selected limnological data such as conductivity and chlorophyll- a , were available. Potential statistical relationships (linear, curvilinear, exponential and second-order polynomial) of fish yield ( FY , in kg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹) to different land-use patterns, such as forest cover ( FC , in km²) and shrub-land ( SL , in km²), either singly, or in combination, and/or the ratio of each land type to reservoir area ( RA in km²) and reservoir capacity ( RC in km³), were explored. Highly significant relationships were evident between FY to the ratio of SL and/or FC + SL to RA and/or RC . Similarly, the above land-use types to RA and RC ratios were significantly related to limnological features of the reservoirs. The relationships of FY to various parameters obtained in this study were much better correlated than those relationships of FY to limnological and biological parameters used in yield prediction in tropical and temperate lacustrine waters previously.     

浅谈英语专业听力课中的英语新闻教学

在英语专业四级、八级考试中,听力部分都占据很大的比例,但这部分也是学生的主要失分点之一,尤其是其中的英语新闻的听力理解试题,学生的得分率普遍偏低.本文从英语新闻的结构特点、词汇特点和背景知识入手,探讨了解英语新闻的结构特点、词汇特点和背景知识在英语新闻听力教学中的重要性,并针对英语新闻听力教学提出几点建议.     

Subcutaneous Soft Tissue Sarcoma with Rhabdoid Features in a Dog

A nine-year-old male beagle dog had a white spherical mass in the subcutis of the left lumbar region. Microscopically, spindle to oval cells diffusely proliferated in the fibrous and myxoid stroma. Many neoplastic cells showed rhabdoid features or vacuolated cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin and S100 and partly positive for neuron-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein but were negative for von Willebrand factor, desmin and α-smooth muscle actin. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells had abundant cytoplasmic processes and desmosome-like structures. Cytoplasmic inclusions of rhabdoid-featured cells in HE sections were composed of aggregates of intermediate filaments, and cytoplasmic vacuoles were identified as an invagination of cytoplasm. Although malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor was suggested according to these results, the present case was diagnosed as a soft tissue sarcoma with rhabdoid features due to a lack of identification of the basal lamina under electron microscopy.     

2种中国黑块菌的介绍及可持续发展研究

黑块菌是一类珍稀的外生菌根食用菌。着重描述印度块菌和夏块菌的形态特征和鉴别特征,并介绍它们的生境及分布区域。同时,对块菌的可持续发展提出建议。     

基于地理探测器的重庆坡耕地时空格局演变特征及驱动机制

坡耕地是耕地的重要组成部分,分析坡耕地时空格局演变规律及驱动因素,有益于为合理利用坡耕地资源及生态功能修复与保持提供参考。基于2000-2018年坡耕地空间分布信息,利用土地利用转移矩阵、局部空间自相关（Local Spatial Autocorrelation, LISA）、地理探测器（Geodetector）等方法,从坡耕地时空变化特征、坡耕地冷热点格局和坡耕地变化驱动因子等方面开展,揭示重庆坡耕地时空分布特征及驱动因素。结果表明：1）与2000年相比,2018年重庆坡耕地面积减少2.40%,坡耕地2.23 万km2,占耕地59.35%。6个区县（渝中、江北、江津、南岸、大渡口、石柱）年均坡耕地变化动态度大于1%,不同区县坡耕地面积变化趋势差异明显。2）近18年坡耕地与林地、草地、水田、建设用地等地类发生显著转移,转出、转入总体较均衡,其中坡耕地退为林地主要集中位于秦巴和武陵山区的石柱、武隆、丰都、云阳等区县,在土地利用转移过程中坡耕地面积呈小幅度减少趋势。3）坡耕地局部空间自相关异质性较显著,大多数区域坡耕地面积呈高-高和低-低聚集状态,热点区集中在渝东北区,冷点区分布在渝西区和主城区。4）林业产值、农村居民人均纯收入、粮食产量、乡村从业人员、农林水支出等经济、社会及政策因素是主要驱动因子,各因子间的交互作用大部分为非线性增强和双因子增强,其中解释力较大的交互驱动因子为粮食产量/坡度（2005年,0.927）、农村居民人均纯收入/常住人口（2018年,0.910）,海拔、降雨等自然因素对坡耕地变化有一定影响,但经济发展、政策调控、农民收入、城市扩张等社会经济因素是坡耕地变化的主要驱动因子。研究结果可为重庆以及西南山地丘陵区坡耕地资源保护与格局优化提供科学依据。     

增强现实技术在移动GIS系统中的实现

针对传统GIS应用信息显示直观性不强的缺点,在GIS应用中引入增强现实技术,研究了地理要素实现增强现实显示的关键技术及方法,并以Windows Phone开发平台为例,实现了具有地理坐标信息的地理要素的增强现实显示系统.结果证明,增强现实技术与GIS的结合能够很好的将真实环境与虚拟地理要素信息融合起来,使得地理要素的识别更具直观性.     

湖北省碳排放研究:总量测算、结构特征及脱钩分析

参考国家温室气体清单指南的方法,从产业、来源、土地承载三个方面分析湖北省2001-2010年碳排放结构,测算其碳排放总量,探讨碳排放的时序特征与经济增长的关系。结果表明,湖北省第二产业碳排放较高,且产出效率低,第三产业单位碳排放效益最高;能源消费碳排放占总量的90%以上,占比远高于IPCC给出的参考值;城镇居民点及工矿用地碳排放占总量的74.98%,碳排放强度为229.92 t/hm2。十年间湖北省碳排放量由3705.66万t增长到7740.47万t,年平均增加9.65%。能源消费增长率高于碳排放增长率,是碳排放增加的主要动力,畜牧业碳排放减少7.78%。湖北省碳排放与经济增长脱钩状态以弱脱钩和扩张连接为主,2009年后出现由弱脱钩向扩张连接的状态转移,近些年经济发展质量有所下降。因此,湖北省应以经济转型升级为契机,提高碳排放利用效率,改进农业生产方式,加强土地用途管制,促进经济绿色增长。     

母猪子宫内膜炎的科学防治

从病因、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断措施5个方面对母猪子宫内膜炎进行了阐述,并总结了相应的防治措施,旨在为该病的防治提供科学参考。     

长白山区珍稀濒危植物刺参种群现状及保护

刺参（ Oplopanax elatus）在长白山区呈间断性窄地域分布,受到森林锐减、过度采挖等因素影响,导致种群衰退。通过对野生刺参生长环境、土壤特点、伴生植物的调查,分析其种群退化原因;指出通过政府引导,加快产业调整,实施人工驯化栽培满足市场需求是解决刺参濒危的主要途径。