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991.
Trees are grown in intercropping systems for a variety of purposes including wood products, fuelwood, fruit, forage or conservation purposes. No matter what end use, different tree/crop combinations interact differently resulting in differential growth rates of the trees during establishment. Preliminary work has shown that seedling growth and survival of trees are related to their intercrop and the results of this study help to explain these findings. Soil water potential, soil and air temperature, relative humidity, windspeed, and light (photosynthetic photon flux density — PPFD) were measured throughout the growing season in the clean-weeded treerows within crops of corn, soybeans and winter wheat. Crop height and biomass were also measured. This study was conducted during the 1992 growing season which was unusually cool and wet from mid June into the winter. The growth of winter wheat, measured by crop height and above-ground biomass, was earlier in the season than that of soybeans and corn, and this pattern affected the environmental conditions in the tree rows. Soil water potential was affected with associated effects on soil temperature (in combination with other factors). Crop height drastically reduced windspeed in the corn treatment from July through winter, also affecting PPFD and soil temperature later in the year. Although many microclimate differences were relatively small, data from subsequent years as well as associated soil moisture studies and additional years will help to further elucidate these relationships. 相似文献
992.
ABSTRACT Litter decomposition plays a critical role in both nutrient cycling and the interspecific relationships between tree species. In this study, leaf litter from Robinia pseudoacacia was mixed with litter from 10 other species, this mixture was then ground and incubated in soil. The soil indexes (i.e., quantity of microbes, activities of enzymes, and chemical properties) were analyzed to study the effects of litter decomposition on soil properties and the interaction between the litters. If mixed separately with Larix principis-rupprechtii or Betula platyphylla, R. pseudoacacia litter exerted synergistic effects on the activities of most enzymes. The mixed litters of R. pseudoacacia and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica or Ulmus pumila exerted synergistic effects on the soil available P. With regard to the soil properties as a whole, the mixed litters of R. pseudoacacia and B. platyphylla, Pinus tabulaeformis, P. sylvestris var. mongolica, or L. principis-rupprechtii exerted synergistic effects on soil during their decomposition. However, the mixed litters of R. pseudoacacia and Populus simonii, Quercus liaotungensis, U. pumila, or Caragana microphylla did not. This indicated that R. pseudoacacia mixed with the litter of other needle-leaf tree species benefits the development and regeneration of soil and thus can be used for sustainable forest management. 相似文献
993.
秦岭南坡不同海拔土壤肥力的空间分异规律 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
对秦岭南坡土壤肥力状况、空间分异规律及其与海拔的关系进行研究.结果表明,秦岭南坡土壤肥力指标在整个土壤剖面空间分异范围分别为:土壤pH值5.97~6.89,有机质含量6.6~50.1 g·kg-1,土壤全N含量0.5~3.8 g·kg-1,碱解N含量33.6~257.3 mg·kg-1,速效P含量0.81~5.8 mg·kg-1,速效K含量38.9~262.4 mg·kg-1,粘粒含量11.3%~18.1%,阳离子代换量68.5~310.2 mmol·kg-1;其空间分异程度以速效P、有机质和土壤全N含量较大,土壤粘粒含量和土壤pH值较小;随着土层的加深,土壤pH值、有机质、速效P、土壤粘粒含量和阳离子代换量空间分异程度减小,而土壤全N、碱解N和速效K含量空间分异程度增大.土壤速效K、速效P含量和阳离子代换量水平空间分异程度受海拔的影响较大,而土壤pH值和粘粒含量水平空间分异程度受海拔影响较小.随着海拔的升高,土壤pH值降低,有机质和速效P、K含量增大,土壤肥力空间分异程度减小,这可能与随着海拔升高人为干扰强度降低及林分类型趋向单一有关. 相似文献
994.
995.
The soil structure was expressed with fractal dimensions of particle size distribution (PSD), aggregate size distribution
(ASD), and soil pore size distribution (SPD). The effect of soil fractal features on soil infiltration velocity and process
was studied. The result of the fractal feature shows that fractal dimensions of PSD are obviously greater than those of ASD
and SPD, and in different soil genetic horizons, the fractal dimension of ASD has the greatest variability, and shows a downtrend
on the top-to-bottom genetic horizon. According to the soil infiltration process curve, the infiltration process was divided
into three phases: (1) the initial phase (0–5 min), (2) the transition phase (5–30 min), and (3) the stable phase (30–180
min). In the initial phase of infiltration, the soil structure of soil genetic horizon A was the major influencing factor;
in the transition phase of infiltration, the pore distribution of soil horizon AB and soil structure of horizon B were the
major influencing factors; in the stable phase of infiltration, the soil structure of horizon C was the major influencing
factor to the infiltration velocity. Soil infiltration process is influenced comprehensively by soil PSD, ASD, and SPD. In
the overall soil water infiltration, the infiltration in shrub forest land was much faster than that in other land uses, and
in the initial infiltration phase, arable land soil infiltration was much faster than that in forest land, and in the stable
infiltration phase, the infiltration velocity in forest land was faster than that in arable land.
__________
Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2006, 28(3): 73–78 [译自: 北京林业大学学报] 相似文献
996.
997.
I. Verinumbe 《Agroforestry Systems》1993,21(3):287-292
In order to obtain data which will facilitate the scientific development of multiple intercropping of trees in agroforestry systems, the effects ofFaidherbia albida Del. orZiziphus spina-christi L. Desf. on soil quality and on yield of interplantedLeucaena leucocephala L. were investigated. The distance to which bothFaidherbia albida andZiziphus spinachristi trees improved soil quality as well asLeucaena leucocephala andSorghum vulgare L. production around them was about two times the radius of the tree crown. Higher yields of plants underZiziphus spina-christi thanFaidherbia albida were explained by similarly higher concentrations of available phosphorus (P). Other soil parameters, including total nitrogen (N), were similar under both species; being higher under the tree canopies than away from them. The study identified optimum tree spacing for agroforestry to be twice the tree crown radius. It also demonstrated the advantages of multiple tree mixtures over pure stands in improving soil quality and productivity. 相似文献
998.
杉木根际与非根际土壤酶活性比较 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:19
杉木根际与非根际土壤酶活性比较陈f竣(中国林业科学研究院林业研究所北京100091)李传涵(华中农业大学土化系武汉430070)关键词杉木,根际土壤,土壤酶,杉木中毒由于林木生长的影响,使得林木根际土壤pH值、养分含量、微生物数目、生化活性等性质发生... 相似文献
999.
1000.