气相色谱-串联质谱法测定党参中38种有机磷农药的残留量

为党参样品中有机磷农药的日常检测提供理论依据,采用加速溶剂萃取仪（ASE）萃取目标化合物,经凝胶色谱结合基质固相分散净化,并利用气相色谱-串联质谱法同时定性及定量测定,建立了气相色谱-串联质谱法的党参38种有机磷农药残留测定方法。结果表明：38种有机磷农药质量浓度在20～1000μg／L线性关系良好（r 2＞0．99）,所有农药的定量限（LOQ）为0．03～21．2μg／kg;在50μg／kg、500μg／kg 和1000μg／kg 的加标水平下,方法回收率为65．5％～116．6％,测定的相对标准偏差（n＝6）为2．6％～13．2％。该方法准确、灵敏、简便,可用于党参样品中38种有机磷农药的日常检侧。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究吡唑醚菌酯在人参根、茎、叶和土壤中的残留动态及最终残留量

【目的】明确在人参生长期施用250 g·L-1吡唑醚菌酯乳油在人参根、茎、叶和土壤中的残留动态及最终残留量.【方法】样品经丙酮提取,N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)固相萃取柱净化后,用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测.【结果和结论】施药剂量为666.67 g·hm-2(以有效成分计)时,吡唑醚菌酯在人参根、茎、叶和土壤中的降解半衰期为6.35~8.75 d.施药剂量为333.33~666.67 g·hm-2时,施药后60 d吡唑醚菌酯在人参根、茎、叶和土壤中的最终残留量低于0.020 6 mg·kg-1,因此建议施用250 g·L-1吡唑醚菌酯乳油时,施药剂量不高于666.67 g·hm-2,施药1次,安全间隔期为35 d.     

白蔹挥发油化学成分分析

首次采用水蒸气蒸馏法制备白蔹挥发油,通过面积归一化法测定其相对百分含量,应用气相色谱-质谱联用技术研究分析其化学成分。最终分离鉴定出14种化学成分,占挥发油总量的99.997%,主要包括:芳姜黄酮(21.465%)、2-甲基-6-对甲苯基-2-庚烯醇(17.438%)和蒽(14.224%)等,为白蔹的进一步开发利用提供了研究依据。     

SPE-HPLC-MS/MS法测定人参及土壤中氟硅唑的残留及风险评估

【目的】明确人参和土壤中氟硅唑的残留量,并对可能产生的膳食风险进行评估,以确保人参产品的质量安全.【方法】在集安市和抚松县进行2年试验,采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了400 g·L-1氟硅唑乳油在人参根及土壤中的残留消解及最终残留量,并采用风险商值法对人参中氟硅唑可能产生的膳食风险进行了评估.【结果和结论】施药剂量为90 g·hm-2(以有效成分计)时,氟硅唑在人参根和土壤中的降解半衰期分别为7.85~9.94和5.59~7.13 d.施药剂量为60~90 g·hm-2时,施药后35 d氟硅唑在人参根和土壤中的残留量分别小于0.043 3和0.037 5 mg·kg-1.风险商值为4.59×10-5,风险较低,处于安全水平.建议我国在人参中氟硅唑的最大残留限量值可暂定为0.05 mg·kg-1,安全间隔期为35 d.     

基于LC-ESI-MS/MS技术与生物信息学的蚕豆种子贮藏蛋白亚基鉴定

蚕豆蛋白亚基是蚕豆种子贮藏蛋白重要组成部分,深入鉴定蚕豆蛋白亚基,对了解蚕豆种子蛋白不同亚基的结构和功能具有重要意义。本研究应用液相色谱、电喷雾离子化与串联质谱联用技术和生物信息技术对蚕豆种子贮藏蛋白6个特异亚基进行了质谱鉴定。结果表明:这些特异亚基中的64、47、42及38ku分别鉴定出4个蛋白:豌豆球蛋白、豆球蛋白前体、假定糖结合蛋白、LEGB7_VICFA;97ku亚基蛋白为分子伴侣GroEL;96ku亚基蛋白由6个具有不同代谢功能的蛋白组成。     

Detection of antigenic proteins expressed by lymphocystis virus as vaccine candidates in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel)

Although the major capsid proteins (MCPs) of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) have been characterized, little is known about the host-derived immune response to MCPs and other LCDV antigenic proteins. To identify antigenic proteins of LCDV that could be used as vaccine candidates in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, we analysed the viral proteins responsible for its virulence by applying immuno-proteomics. LCDV proteins were separated by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis, transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membrane, and probed with homogeneous P. olivaceus antisera elicited by LCDV natural infection and vaccination with formalin-killed LCDV. Four immune-reactive proteins were obtained at 68-, 51-, 41- and 21 kDa using antisera collected from natural infection while two proteins at 51- and 21 kDa exhibited response to antisera from vaccinated fish, indicating that the latter two proteins have vaccine potential. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and nanoelectrospray MS/MS, the 51 and 21 kDa proteins were identified as MCP and an unknown protein, respectively.     

玉米芯和桉木的低温热解特性

为实现生物质资源的分级综合利用,该文采用热重分析仪和裂解气质联用仪进行了对玉米芯和桉木低温热解特性的研究。试验结果表明不同生物质原料低温快速热解产物有明显差异,玉米芯的低温快速热解产物主要有乙酸、2,3-二氢-苯并呋喃和2-甲氧基-4-乙烯基苯酚,而桉木的产物主要是乙酸、糠醛和5,6-二氢-4-羟基-吡喃-2-酮。生物质低温快速热解产物种类较少,分布较为集中,玉米芯和桉木的酸类、呋喃类,桉木的吡喃类热解产物相对含量随温度上升而降低。生物质低温热解能有效分解其半纤维素,这为降低中温热解油的酸性和水分提供了理论指导。     

油松幼枝 (松笔头)挥发性成分的分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法对辽宁产油松幼枝（松笔头）的挥发性成分进行提取，采用GC/MS方法对提取的挥发性成分进行了分离、鉴定，共鉴定了25个化学万分，挥发油得率约为2.1%。     

野生和人工栽培缬草香精油的GC/MS分析对比研究

应用ＧＣ／ＭＳ／ＤＳ分析对比研究野生和人工栽培香料油，分别鉴定出３４个和２８个化合物，两种香精油其相组分２１个。占总精油组分的９１％－９６％，主成分基本相同，占精油总量的７８％－８５％，其成分上的差异对其在香料工业、日化、食品、饮料、医药工业上的应用没有影响，为缬草开发利用建立家种缬草原料基地，保证缬草香料油工业化生产提供依据。     

Regeneration of adventitious shoots from mature stored cotyledons of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lind1)

Adventitious shoot regeneration from mature stored cotyledons of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lind1) was achieved in vitro. The influences of the presence and absence of the light, different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzyladenine (BA) in the culture media, TDZ pretreatments and different basal salts on shoot regeneration were evaluated. TDZ was more effective in inducing shoot regeneration from mature stored cotyledons than BA. Dark incubation significantly increased the regeneration frequencies. Quoirin/Lepoivre (QL) basal salts stimulated shoot regeneration more than woody plant (WPM) or B5 salts did. The frequency of adventitious shoot formation varied among the varieties and the regeneration ability appeared to be genotype depended. The frequency of regeneration under the optimum tested conditions for ‘Bruce’, ‘Shiro’, ‘Redheart’, ‘Gladstone’ and ‘Early Golden’ cotyledons were 66.7%, 46.7%, 43.3%, 26.7% and 6.7%, respectively.