基于代码生成的电控空气悬架系统电子控制单元

为提高某型SUV车辆的行驶平顺性、通过性等,对其进行空气悬架改装,并设计了由最小系统、车速信号调理模块、电动气泵控制模块、组合电磁阀控制模块、车身高度检测模块、CAN总线模块、车身加速度测量模块等组成的以Freescale XDP512为核心芯片的电控空气悬架系统电子控制单元,利用Real-Time Workshop(RTW)代码生成技术将所制定电控空气悬架系统控制策略转化为ANSI C代码并下载至电子控制单元,然后对安装电控空气悬架系统的试验车辆进行了车身高度与车速耦合试验、转向试验、急加速试验、急减速试验、平顺性试验,结果表明所设计的电控空气悬架系统控制单元能够实现车速信号调理、车身高度与车速耦合、电动气泵控制及组合阀控制等功能。     

Behavioural interactions of seabirds with suspended mussel longlines

Increased abundances of a number of seabird species have been found in areas of mussel longline aquaculture (compared to control sites) in a recent study at Bantry Bay, southwest Ireland. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this form of mussel aquaculture also affects the activity budgets and foraging behaviour of these seabirds. Scan-sampling was used to compare seabird activity budgets between three areas of mussel longline aquaculture and three control sites. Foraging activities of Great-Northern Divers Gavia immer, an Annex 1 species under the Euopean Union's Birds Directive, were also compared between sites using focal sampling. The behaviour of gulls (Larus sp.), Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo, Shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis and Great-Northern Divers (but not auks, Alcidae) differed significantly between areas of mussel aquaculture and control sites in this study. Mussel suspension buoys were heavily utilized by gulls, cormorants and shags as safe perching platforms for preening activities. Gulls also fed extensively on epifauna attached to the buoys. Great-Northern Divers spent more time snorkelling (head submerged in search of food) in mussel sites than in the control sites, however dive duration and visible foraging success rates did not differ significantly between sites. Overall, the environmental impact of mussel suspension culture appears to be positive or neutral on marine bird species occurring at this study site.     

Cytotoxicity of surfactants to the FHM-sp cell line

Cytotoxicity of eight surfactants was determined by the neutral red assay with the fathead minnow (FHM)-sp cell line, a cell line in suspension culture from fish. The toxicity ranking of the surfactants was benzalkonium chloride > benzethonium chloride > sodium linear - dodecylbenzene–sulfonate (LAS) > potassium laurate > sodium dodecylsulfate > polyoxyethylene(20)sorbitan monolaurate > polyoxyethylene(20)sorbitan monooleate > betaine. The toxicity ranking of the surfactants classified into four groups based on the ion of the hydrophilic group was cationic surfactants > anionic surfactants > non-ionic surfactants > amphipathic surfactants. The FHM-sp cells, as well as the chinook salmon embryo (CHSE)-sp cells, could be inoculated directly to the microplate wells without dispersion by trypsin treatment of cell sheets at room temperature. Therefore, the cytotoxicity assay of the surfactants could be carried out quickly by using the FHM-sp cell line. The FHM-sp cell line had similar or higher sensitivity to sodium dodecylsulfate compared with several cell lines from mammals. The cytotoxicity assay could be shortened by the procedure exposing the surfactants to the FHM-sp cells before the cell monolayer formation in the microplate wells. To use the FHM-sp cell line as a screening tool prior to in vivo testing, studies on the correlation between in vivo data and in vitro data on the toxicity of surfactants are necessary.     

FSAE赛车悬架系统的设计及分析

根据FSAE大赛规则要求,对赛车悬架系统的类型进行了选择,并对其进行了设计,确定了悬架的基本参数,在此基础上,在CATIA软件中建立了悬架总成的三维模型,对其关键零件前悬架摇臂进行了有限元分析,结果表明,其强度满足要求,对实车的制造提供了一定的参考.     

辛硫磷和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂释放机制及其主要影响因素研究

[目的]明确辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂的主要释放机制和影响因素。[方法]利用液相色谱分析方法,测定2种微囊悬浮剂在2种湿度、温度和通风状态下的土壤释放(消解)动态。[结果]在35℃干燥土壤中,辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂吹风处理的T0.5是2.2 d;而密闭处理的T0.5是859.2 d。在35℃吹风条件下,辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂在干燥土壤和水饱和土壤中的T0.5分别是2.2和5 800 d;8 d和206.1 d;而当温度为35和25℃(其他条件相同)时,前者的T0.5分别是2.2和18.6 d;后者的T0.5分别是8.0和28.8 d。[结论]辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂释放机制都是以气化释放为主;湿度和温度是影响两者释放的最主要因素。     

5％氟虫腈悬浮种衣剂拌种防治玉米田蛴螬效果及使用技术

[目的]了解5％氟虫腈悬浮种衣剂拌种防治玉米田蛴螬的效果,为该制剂的进一步推广应用提供参考.[方法]通过小区试验研究了5％氟虫腈悬浮种衣剂拌种对玉米田蟒螬的防治效果、最佳使用剂量及安全性.[结果]5％氟虫腈悬浮种衣剂玉米拌种后播种是防治玉米田蛴螬的较好药剂,建议每100kg种子用5％氟虫腈悬浮种表剂2 000 ～3 000 ml进行机械或人工拌种,田间蛴螬常年发生较重田块,100 kg种子可用5％氟虫腈悬浮种衣剂4 000 ml进行拌种,拌种时按100 kg种子所用药量用水2L的比例稀释,将药剂和种子拌匀放阴凉通风处稍晾后即可播种.[结论]为玉米田蛴螬的防治提供了理论依据.     

不同启动子在水稻悬浮细胞中诱导外源基因的表达

为进一步提高外源基因在水稻悬浮细胞中的表达水平,以花椰菜花叶病毒(Ca MV)35S启动子为对照,克隆了玉米泛素蛋白启动子(Ubi)、水稻肌动蛋白启动子(Actin)以及水稻Oscc1启动子,以GFP为报告基因,通过启动子串联的方式,构建了10个植物表达载体:p CAMBIA 1304 35S-GFP、Ubi-GFP、Actin-GFP、Oscc1-GFP、35S/Ubi-GFP、35S/Actin-GFP、35S/Oscc1-GFP、Ubi/Actin-GFP、Ubi/Oscc1-GFP、Actin/Oscc1-GFP,采用根瘤农杆菌介导的方法,将表达载体导入日本晴胚性愈伤,经悬浮培养分别获得转基因的悬浮细胞系,利用荧光显微镜、酶标仪检测GFP荧光强度,用Western blot检测GFP蛋白质的表达水平。结果发现串联启动子明显强于单个启动子驱动的GFP蛋白质表达水平。在10个表达载体中,35S/Ubi、Ubi/Actin和Ubi/Oscc1是3种优化的启动子组合,其中Ubi/Oscc1串联启动子驱动GFP的表达水平最高,约为对照35S启动子的3倍。     

基于LQG理论的电子控制空气悬架控制策略研究

根据主动悬架控制理论,采用滤波白噪声作为路面随机输入激励,建立1/4车辆空气悬架模型。同时将电子控制空气悬架（Electronic Control Air Suspension,ECAS）等效为车身质量与车轮质量之间并联阻尼器、弹簧与悬架控制力的模型,将空气弹簧的作用力分解为定常刚度的弹簧力与可变悬架作用力。提出将线性二次型高斯控制理论（LQG）应用到电子控制空气悬架中。在线调整了控制目标的加权系数,使得车身加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动位移达到比较理想的效果。     

基于分数阶微积分的汽车空气悬架半主动控制

为研究分数阶微积分在汽车空气悬架半主动控制中的应用效果,建立了4自由度半主动空气悬架非线性动力学模型。采用改进的Oustaloup滤波器算法来模拟分数阶微积分,进而建立分数阶天棚阻尼半主动悬架的仿真模型,将仿真结果与被动悬架和整数阶天棚阻尼半主动悬架进行对比分析。分析结果表明:当汽车以20 m/s的速度行驶在B级路面时,与被动悬架相比,整数阶和分数阶天棚阻尼半主动悬架的车身垂向加权加速度均方根值分别减小了31.9%和43.9%,车身俯仰角加速度均方根值分别减小了23.1%和30.7%;基于分数阶微积分的天棚阻尼控制策略能更有效地抑制车身共振,改善乘坐舒适性。     

不同刈割期秧草收割物悬浮速度的测定与分析

为了获取秧草收割物的悬浮速度参数,采用DFPF-25型悬浮速度试验装置对结荚期、初花期和分枝期秧草收割物主要成分的悬浮速度进行测定,并采用对比试验分析了叶子和茎秆对悬浮速度的影响。结果表明,3个时期的收割物对应成分的悬浮速度中,结荚期最大,初花期次之,分枝期最小;3个时期的最大悬浮速度依次为4.238、3.736和2.653 m·s-1;同一时期的各成分间的悬浮速度有重叠,表明收割物的飞行系数相近,气流较难将其分离,说明气流分选不可行。对比试验表明,去叶前后秧草收割物的悬浮速度变化率与叶子质量占比的比值为1.225~3.745,说明叶子对收割物的悬浮速度的影响比茎秆对悬浮速度的影响大。该研究结果可为秧草收获机的收集装置和分选装置的设计提供参考和依据。