6-BA对酸樱桃组培苗4种内源激素质量分数动态变化的影响

研究了6-BA对酸樱桃组培苗中4种内源激素的质量分数动态变化的影响。结果表明:在培养5d时,6-BA可促进酸樱桃组培苗内源IAA和ZR质量分数的增加,也可促进内源IAA和ZR的生物合成;6-BA对内源GA3质量分数的影响与IAA和ZR相反,在培养初期,随着6-BA质量浓度的增加,GA3质量分数下降,其原因可能是高质量浓度6-BA抑制了束缚态GA3的水解,培养后期GA3质量分数大幅上升;内源ABA质量分数一直呈下降趋势,随着6-BA质量浓度的增加,下降幅度加大。     

多效唑对水稻生长发育及其作用机制的研究

多效唑(MET)处理水稻植株后,使株高降低,分蘖增多,穗粒数下降,与此相应,植株体内的赤霉素(GA_3),生长素(IAA)、玉米素(Z)显著下降,脱落酸(ABA)显著增加。用生长调节剂 GA_3和氮肥可逆转多效唑的抑制作用而便株高增加,给受抑制植株施用GA_3和 IAA,可使植株内 GA_3和 IAA 含量相应上升。因此 MET 可通过调节植株体内 GA_3、IAA、Z、ABA 的含量调控植物生长     

酸枣根中鞣质含量测定及提取工艺研究

[目的]优化酸枣根鞣质的提取工艺,建立稳定的酸枣根中鞣质的含量测定方法。[方法]用干酪素法测定总鞣质的含量,并以提取物中鞣质含量为评价指标,以丙酮浓度、提取时间、料液比及提取次数为考察因素,采用正交设计法筛选酸枣根的提取工艺条件。[结果]提取次数为主要影响因素;最佳提取条件为:超声提取的丙酮浓度为70%,料液比为1∶20(W/V,g/ml,下同),提取时间为30 min,提取3次;在此条件下,酸枣根中鞣质的含量为6.82%。[结论]所优选的鞣质提取工艺合理,操作简便可行。     

胺苯磺隆胁迫对水稻幼苗保护酶与内源激素的影响

[目的]通过研究低浓度的胺苯磺隆引起不同叶龄水稻叶片中保护酶和内源激素含量的变化,探讨超低浓度胺苯磺隆促生长效应的生理机制。[方法]通过土培法用2个浓度胺苯磺隆分别处理不同叶龄的水稻,15 d后采集水稻叶片,用愈创木酚-过氧化氢法测定过氧化物酶(POD)活性,用邻苯二酚法测定多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性,用ELISA法测定水稻叶片中GA、ZR、ABA的含量。[结果]胺苯磺隆2μg/kg(干土)处理后水稻叶中PPO活性提高,POD活性降低但接近对照,GA、ZR含量显著增加,ABA含量则减少,GA/ABA的比值高于对照;胺苯磺隆20μg/kg处理,水稻叶中POD活性明显提高,PPO活性低于对照但接近对照,GA、ZR含量均显著减少,ABA含量则显著增加,GA/ABA的比值低于对照。7叶期处理的水稻叶片中3种激素含量与对照的差异最小。[结论]胺苯磺隆2μg/kg处理水稻,叶片内GA/ABA比值大于对照,对水稻生长有促进作用,20μg/kg浓度时,则GA/ABA比值明显小于对照,水稻生长受到抑制,同时,胺苯磺隆对7叶期水稻生长效应弱于4叶期前的水稻。     

Aerosol delivery of trail pheromone disrupts the foraging of the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta

BACKGROUND: The fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is one of the most aggressive and invasive species in the world. The trail pheromone Z,E‐α‐farnesene (91% purity) was prepared, and disruption of worker trail orientation was tested using an ethanol‐based aerosol formulation presenting a single puff of this compound by airbrush and compressed air. Trail‐following behaviour was recorded by overhead webcam and ants digitised before and after presentation of the aerosol treatment at four rates (1.6, 16, 160 and 1600 ng cm^?2). RESULTS: Ants preferred 110 ng cm^?1 over 11, 1.1 and 0.11 ng cm^?1 for trail following. Within seconds of presentation of 1600 ng cm^?2, the highest dose tested, trail disruption was observed. Disruption was evident as reduced arrival success and reduction in the trail integrity statistic (r²), as well as increased deviation from the trail (deg). The distribution of walking track angles was also flattened. CONCLUSIONS: The feasibility of using aerosol for delivery of trail pheromone was demonstrated, but the need for high purity combined with the difficulty of commercial supply makes this technique impractical. However, the commercial production of Z,E‐α‐farnesene of high purity by industrial biotechnology or from (E)‐nerolidol may be possible in future, which would facilitate further development of trail pheromone disruption of S. invicta. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

胺苯磺隆胁迫对水稻幼苗保护酶与内源激素的影响(英文)

[目的]通过研究低浓度的胺苯磺隆引起不同叶龄水稻叶片中保护酶和内源激素含量的变化,探讨超低浓度胺苯磺隆的促生长效应的生理机制。[方法]通过土培法用2个浓度胺苯磺隆分别处理不同叶龄的水稻,15d后采集水稻叶片,用愈创木酚-过氧化氢法测定过氧化物酶(POD)活性,用邻苯二酚法测定多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性,用ELISA法测定水稻叶片中GA、ZR、ABA的含量。[结果]胺苯磺隆2μg/kg(干土)处理后水稻叶中PPO活性提高,POD活性降低但接近对照,GA、ZR含量显著增加,ABA含量则减少,GA/ABA的比值高于对照。胺苯磺隆20μg/kg处理,水稻叶中POD活性明显提高,PPO活性低于对照但接近对照,GA、ZR含量均显著减少,ABA含量则显著增加,GA/ABA的比值低于对照。7叶期处理的水稻叶片中3种激素含量与对照的差异最小。[结论]胺苯磺隆2μg/kg处理水稻,叶片内GA/ABA比值大于对照,对水稻生长有促进作用,20μg/kg浓度时,则GA/ABA比值明显小于对照,水稻生长受到抑制,同时,胺苯磺隆对7叶期水稻生长效应弱于4叶期前的水稻。     

联系于实向量丛一对截面的P o i n c a r é - H o p f型公式

通过符号差Z2-分次将2n维Spin流形上关于复化切丛TMC截面的Poincaré-Hopf型公式推广到2n维非Spin流形上,并对于联系于定向实向量丛的一对截面建立了相应的Poincaré-Hopf型公式.     

Effect on hepatonephric organs, serum metabolites and oxidative stress in post-weaning piglets fed purified zearalenone-contaminated diets with or without Calibrin-Z

The objectives of this study were to investigate the toxicity of zearalenone (ZEA) on hepatonephric organs, serum metabolites and oxidative stress of piglets and to evaluate the efficacy of Calibrin‐Z (CAZ) in preventing ZEA‐induced adverse effects. The experiment was conducted for 22 days using 36 piglets weaned at 21 days of age (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc, 18 females and 18 males; 8.84 ± 0.21 kg average body weight). Piglets of each gender were randomly allocated to the following six dietary treatments: (i) Control (basal diet only); (ii) Control + 1 g/kg CAZ; (iii) Control + 1 mg/kg ZEA; (iv) Control + 1 mg/kg ZEA + 1 g/kg CAZ; (v) Control + 1 mg/kg ZEA + 2 g/kg CAZ; (vi) Control + 1 mg/kg ZEA + 4 g/kg CAZ. Piglets were housed and fed individually for the entire experimental period. Blood samples were taken, and piglets were killed at the end of the experiment to obtain organs for physiological assessment. Results showed that piglets fed the ZEA‐contaminated diet had increased (p < 0.05) activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT), creatine kinase and cholinesterase, concentrations of urea, and creatinine in serum, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and liver. Pigs fed the ZEA‐only diet also showed reductions in serum (p < 0.05) globulin, triglycerides and high‐density lipoproteins (HDL), and reductions in total superoxide dismutase (TSOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity in both serum and liver. Supplementation of CAZ at the dosages of 1–4 g/kg to the diet containing 1.05 mg/kg ZEA linearly increased (p < 0.05) concentrations of triglycerides and HDL in serum, activity of TSOD and GSHPx in serum and liver, but linearly reduced (p < 0.05) all tested serum enzymes and lowered (p < 0.05) the elevated concentrations of urea, and creatinine in serum, and MDA in serum and liver caused by dietary ZEA. Piglets fed the ZEA‐contaminated diet showed increased (p < 0.05) relative weight of liver and kidney compared with the control, whereas only numerical improvement on relative weight of liver and kidney was observed with simultaneous addition of CAZ at 4 g/kg diet and ZEA. However, feeding the diet with CAZ alone at 1 g/kg had no impact on any of the measured parameters when compared to the control. It is suggested that feeding ZEA at 1.05 mg/kg exerted a deleterious effect on piglets, which was totally or partly ameliorated by dietary supplementation of CAZ at concentrations between 1 and 4 g/kg diet.     

石灰及其后效对玉米吸收重金属影响的田间实例研究

通过田间试验方法,研究了在铅锌矿废水污染的土壤上施用石灰1 a后,继续施用石灰和石灰后效处理对后续第1、2季低累积玉米（Zea mays）的产量以及重金属Cd、Pb、Zn和Cu含量的影响,并分析了土壤pH、土壤DTPA提取态重金属含量和土壤重金属全量的变化。结果表明,连续施用石灰和石灰后效均显著提高玉米产量,其中连续施用石灰处理效果最佳,第1季籽粒产量是对照（无石灰）的6倍,第2季是对照的3.8倍。与对照相比,连续施用石灰处理显著降低了2季玉米籽粒Cd、Pb、Zn和Cu含量,石灰后效只能降低第2季玉米茎叶Cd、Pb和Cu含量,而籽粒Cd、Pb含量与对照相比略有升高,说明石灰后效能维持一年半左右。对照处理土壤Cd和Zn全量显著低于石灰处理,可能是土壤中Cd和Zn随着雨水的淋洗向下层迁移造成的。施用石灰可防止Cd和Zn对地下水的污染。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定诱虫烯混剂中有效成分含量

本文采用石英毛细管色谱柱HP-5 MS(30.0 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)和质谱(EI离子源)、SIM模式,建立了一种气相色谱-质谱联用法对含诱虫烯混剂进行分析的方法。结果表明,诱虫烯与异构体分离良好,在质量浓度0.000 05%～0.100 00%范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 8;平均回收率在89.8%～101.5%之间,相对标准偏差为2.0%。该方法简便、分离效果好、准确性和重现性好,可用于诱虫烯混剂的定量检测。