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51.
Early assessment of processing strawberries for colour 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hedley Williams 《Euphytica》1977,26(3):841-845
Summary It is possible to select strawberry cultivars that give a satisfactory, naturally coloured canned product as an alternative to the commercially dyed one. Spectrophotometric measurements of the syrup from cans, the canned fruit and fresh fruit were compared with visual scoring. A preliminary screening for colour based on visual assessment of fresh flesh colour is possible. 相似文献
52.
Summary Variation in pigment content of the flour of bread wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in the progenies of F1 and F2 of three crosses and their reciprocals. Reciprocal differences in pigment content were observed in the F1 and F2 means. Low pigment content was found to be partially dominant or over dominant in the crosses studied. There was evidence of substantial mid-parent F1 heterosis in all crosses and betterparent F1 heterosis in three crosses. In the F2, heritability estimates were moderate to high. The F2 frequency distributions were not normal. Estimation of effective factor pairs indicated the presence of one or two major gene pairs involved in the expression of pigment content in the flour. Action of modifiers was also assumed in one cross and its reciprocal. A factorial approach to metrical character suggested that the F2 segregation ratios of low pigment content to high pigment content were 3:1, 15:1, 13:3 and 9:7 for the different crosses. Utilization of the findings in a wheat breeding program is briefly discussed. 相似文献
53.
本文对低酚棉与有酚棉的抗病和感病品种及其杂交后代进行了研究。结果表明,在种子中棉酚含量及色素腺体密度与品种的抗枯萎病性没有相关性。在幼苗中,低酚棉幼苗棉酚含量均显著高于有酚棉品种,但它们之间的抗枯萎病性也没有显著差异。在低酚棉与有酚棉品种杂交的F2代群体中,无色素腺体和稀色素腺体类型苗的抗病性明显高于腺体密度较高的类型苗。对7个杂交组合F2代中有色素腺体和无色素腺体幼苗的抗病性分析表明,无色素腺体类型苗的病指显著低于有色素腺体类型苗的病指。幼苗人工接种枯萎菌后,棉酚含量表现升高,但抗病品种低于感病品种。 相似文献
54.
Introgression of a gene for delayed pigment gland morphogenesis from Gossypium bickii into upland cotton 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The presence of gossypol and its derivatives above the WHO/FAO standards (0.02–0.04%) in cotton seed oil and meal limits its usage as food and feed. To the contrary, the presence of pigment glands filled with gossypol and its derivatives helps to protect cotton plants from phytophageous pests. Thus a desirable cultivar would have glandless seeds on a glanded plant. This paper describes results on the successful introgression of this trait from Gossypium bickii into cultivated upland cotton. Five different tri‐specific hybrids (ABH1, ABH2, ABH3, ABH4 and ABH5) were obtained by crossing the amphidiploid F1 (G. arboreum × G. bickii) with different gland genotypes of G. hirsutum as male parent. The hybrids were highly sterile, and their chromosome configuration at meiosis metaphase 1 (M1) in pollen mother cell (PMC) was 2n = 52 = 41.04 I + 4.54 II + 0.57 III + 0.04 IV. All five hybrids were similar in morphological characters, except for the gland expression and gossypol contents. The hybrid (ABH3) derived from genotype Gl2Gl2gl3gl3 of upland cotton (a single gene dominant line) had completely introgressed the target trait of G. bickii. While ABH1 and ABH2, which derived from recessive (gl2gl2gl3gl3) or dominant (GlGl) glandless upland cotton genotypes, had glandless seeds too, but the density and size of the glands on the plant were reduced significantly. 相似文献
55.
比克氏棉和司笃克氏棉色素腺体形态建成的组织结构观察 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对具有子叶色素腺体延缓形成性状的比克氏棉和种子有色素腺体但低酚的司笃克氏棉的休眠种子、幼胚发育过程和种子萌发过程中的子叶进行连续切片观察。结果表明,比克氏棉的种仁中虽无肉眼可见的色素腺体,但具有色素腺体原,其色素腺体形态建成从开花后子叶形态建成后开始到种子萌发后12h才完成。司笃克氏棉在幼胚发育过程中,也出现色素腺体原的结构,但保持的时间较短,到种子成熟时,其种仁中的色素腺体原大多已发育成正常的色素腺体,且色素腺体空腔中含有某些有色物质,腔壁明显不同于比克氏棉或一般有色素腺体棉。司笃克氏棉的色素腺体性状为介于一般有色素腺体棉和具有子叶色素腺体延缓形成性状棉种的中间过渡类型,这种性状在低酚棉育种研究中具有重要的实践意义。 相似文献
56.
小麦籽粒颜色与抗氧化作用 总被引:23,自引:1,他引:23
以抗活性氧活力单位、抗超氧阴离子活力单位和总抗氧化活力单位为指标,研究了白、红、紫、深紫、紫黑、蓝等不同颜色小麦籽粒的抗氧化能力,并分析了其与色素、黄酮等抗氧化物质含量和抗氧化酶活性之间的关系。结果表明,小麦籽粒颜色与其抗氧化活性之间存在着非常密切的关系,蓝、紫黑、深紫、紫等黑粒小麦籽粒的抗氧化能力高于白粒和红粒小麦。黑粒小麦的总黄酮、氨基酸、Vc、类胡萝卜素等抗氧化物质含量和SOD等抗氧化酶活性高于普通白粒和红粒小麦;并且籽粒色素含量、总黄酮含量、总氨基酸含量以及SOD活性与3个抗氧化能力指标显著或极显著正相关,Vc和类胡萝卜素含量与3个抗氧化指标之一或之二显著或极显著正相关,说明色素、黄酮、SOD、Vc和氨基酸等是蓝、紫黑、深紫、紫等黑粒小麦的抗氧化能力强于白粒和红粒小麦的主要物质基础。 相似文献
57.
A new gene is reported which functions as a master gene for synthesis of the pigments determining cotyledon colour in lentil.
This gene is different from the two earlier reported genes which are responsible for synthesis of yellow (gene Y) and brown (gene B) pigments. Double recessive homozygous condition of these two genes results into loss of both pigments and, consequently,
produces light green cotyledons. The new gene, in contrast, produces dark green cotyledons in recessive condition irrespective
of the dominance or recessive state of the Y and B genes. It is hypothesized that the new gene for dark green cotyledon colour (Dg) acts at an earlier stage in the biosynthesis of the two cotyledon-specific pigments, which are derived from a common precursor,
whose synthesis is blocked when Dg mutates to its recessive condition.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
58.
59.
UV-B辐射胁迫对水稻叶绿素荧光动力学的影响 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
研究结果表明,增强的紫外线-B(UV-B,280-320nm)辐射会导致水稻植株矮化4.71%-16.59%、叶面积变小、干物质生产量减少11.79%-60.57%。究其原因主要是叶片光合作用色素叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量的降低和叶绿素a荧光动力学参数的改变,光合系统Ⅱ受到破坏,光合作用能力下降、生长发育受阻。 相似文献
60.