酸化红薯粉渣对肉兔生长性能、免疫器官指数和胃肠pH的影响

为探讨酸化红薯粉渣对肉兔生长性能、免疫器官指数和胃肠pH的影响,试验采用单因子完全随机分组设计,选取128只(公母各半)50日龄体重相近的新西兰兔随机分为4个处理组(对照组、试验1组、2组和3组),每组4个重复,分别饲喂含0%、5%、10%、15%酸化红薯粉渣的饲粮。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验2组和3组肉兔日均采食量、平均日增重、胸腺指数和脾脏指数均显著提高(P<0.05),胃pH显著降低(P<0.05);试验1、2和3组腹泻率、十二指肠pH、盲肠pH均有所降低(P>0.05)。由此可见,在饲料中添加适量的酸化红薯粉渣能提高肉兔的生长性能和免疫器官指数,降低胃肠pH,其中添加量为10%~15%效果较理想。     

松针粉的研究及应用进展

松针粉富含多种营养成分,并且具有一定的药用价值。文章对我国松针的资源概况、松针粉的营养价值、药效及在生产上的应用情况进行概述,并对松针粉未来的研究方向进行展望。     

香蕉花蕾食用价值和药用价值的开发与利用

香蕉花蕾中富含矿质元素、氨基酸、蛋白质、不饱和脂肪酸、膳食纤维等多种成分物质,具有重要的食用价值,同时具有治疗或者预防糖尿病和心脑血管疾病、消炎止痛与促进伤口愈合、抗氧化等药用价值。充分开发利用香蕉花蕾的应用价值,对在蔬菜领域中发掘出一种特菜、保健蔬菜,以及在提高我国香蕉种植业附加经济效益,延长产业链,提升香蕉产业的竞争力,为蕉农开辟一条新的创收途径等方面均具有重要意义。     

抗菌类药物的热值测定

采用氧弹式量热计对12种抗菌类药物的热值进行了测定。结果表明,12种抗菌类药物的热值15.63~25.40 k J/g,其中,阿莫西林克拉维酸钾热值最小,盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊热值最大。     

New technique of sex preselection for increasing female ratio in boar sperm model

In this study, we tried to optimize the porcine semen extender conditions to maximize the differences between live X chromosome-bearing (X) spermatozoa and to Y chromosome-bearing (Y) spermatozoa without a decline in the fertility rate at different pH conditions during storage. We observed the viability of X and Y boar spermatozoa in acidic (pH 6.2), original (pH 7.2), and alkaline condition (pH 8.2) for 5 days to investigate the effect of storage conditions on the X to Y spermatozoa ratio. The functional parameters of spermatozoa were also examined to evaluate sperm quality. Sperm motility was preserved at pH 7.2 and pH 6.2 for 3 days, while sperm motility at pH 8.2 decreased significantly after 2 days. Non-capacitated spermatozoa increased while capacitated spermatozoa decreased during storage. Sperm viability decreased significantly duration-dependent under all pH conditions, but there was no significant difference during storage at pH 6.2 and 7.2. The X: Y ratio of live spermatozoa in acidic condition was maximized (1.2:1) without affecting the sperm function and fertility-related protein expression after 2 days compared to original conditions. Moreover, insemination of sows using acidic extender increased the number of female pups on days 1 and 2 of preservation. These results indicate that the production of female offspring may increase when acidic BTS is used for 2 days without affecting the success rate of AI. Above all, this method is simple and economical compared to other methods.     

溶液pH值测定的兽药检测实验室能力验证

为进一步提升实验室检测技术能力,加强实验室的质量管理,确保日常检验检测结果的准确性和可靠性,组织开展了全国省级兽药检验机构实验室间溶液pH值测定的能力验证。依据《中国兽药典》2015年版一部附录0631pH值测定法以及中国合格评定国家认可委员会（CNAS）规定的程序进行本次能力验证。采用单因子方差分析对制备的测试样品进行均匀性检验,采用t检验对样品进行稳定性考察,采用Z比分数评价各参加实验室的测试结果,以稳健统计的中位值作为指定值。参加本次能力验证的35家兽药检测实验室结果均为满意,表明承担兽药监督抽检和风险监测任务的单位整体具有较强的检验检测能力。     

兴安盟地区旱作条件下11个苜蓿品种生产性能和饲用价值比较

为筛选兴安盟地区旱作条件下适宜引进栽培的优良苜蓿品种,在兴安盟乌兰浩特市呼和马场种植11个苜蓿(Medicago sativa)品种,通过连续2年观测参试品种的越冬率、株高、产量、茎叶比及营养成分等指标,对旱作条件下11个苜蓿品种的生产性能和饲用价值进行灰色关联分析。结果表明:图牧2号、敖汉苜蓿和呼伦贝尔杂花苜蓿两年的平均越冬率较高;SK3010、呼伦贝尔杂花苜蓿和敖汉苜蓿在株高、生长速度和干草产量方面表现较好;图牧2号的茎叶比均最大,其次是呼伦贝尔杂花苜蓿、SK3010和敖汉苜蓿;WL168HQ、斯普雷德和呼伦贝尔杂花苜蓿两年的粗蛋白质含量均高于18%;巨能2和斯贝德的粗纤维含量较高;WL168HQ、呼伦贝尔杂花苜蓿、WL343HQ、SK3010和WL319HQ的粗灰分含量均高于10%。对11个苜蓿品种的越冬率、产量特性和饲用品质进行灰色关联分析表明,呼伦贝尔杂花苜蓿的综合表现最优,适合在该地区种植推广。     

全球价值链视角下我国饲料企业国际贸易出口机制研究

目前我国饲料产业地位不断提升,国际贸易出口总量保持稳定,与进口量上升形成鲜明对比,贸易逆差较大,其根本背景是国内、国际的产业格局发展不同。我国饲料产业的国际产能合作处于初级阶段,在全球价值链中处于不利位置。在价值链视角下,饲料企业不能把出口视为单纯的饲料产品向终端销售,而是应注重于价值链的总体布局,在现代化“大农业”的背景下,对畜牧业、水产养殖业等饲料行业下游产业与饲料产业进行布局。饲料企业应形成海外布局,提升其在全球价值链中的地位,选择海外的“走出去”策略,优化国际贸易的出口机制,同时按照企业价值最大化的要求控制风险,用好政策性金融支持,并重视对国际投资和贸易人才的培养。 [关键词] 全球价值链|产业升级|“走出去”     

放牧对草甸草原土壤水热状况和地上生物量的影响

本文以呼伦贝尔草甸草原为对象,研究了不同放牧强度对草原群落土壤水热状况和地上生物量的影响,旨在揭示二者之间的相互关系。研究结果表明,随着放牧强度的增加,生长季平均土壤温度呈逐渐上升的趋势;放牧对群落3个组份[羊草（Leymus chinensis）、贝加尔针茅（Stipa baicalensis）、杂类草]生物量和相对优势度产生影响。其中,羊草地上生物量和优势度随着放牧强度的增加显著线性降低,而贝加尔针茅和杂类草的生物量与优势度均在中度放牧处理下最高。土壤含水量与羊草生物量显著正相关,与杂类草生物量负相关,而与贝加尔针茅生物量间的关系极弱。本研究为完善放牧优化理论,揭示放牧在草地生态系统功能过程中的梯度效应提供了一个较为重要的研究线索,为草地放牧优化管理制度的确立提供了一定的科学依据。     

Sward characteristics,nutritive value and choice by cattle of conterminous monocultures of centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) and bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum)

In south‐western Japan, centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides; CG) offers a novel option for a warm‐season perennial for grazing use in areas where bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum; BG) can be grown. However, the potential of CG as a forage has not been fully explored because of the short history as a forage crop. We conducted four experiments to evaluate CG (cv. TifBlair) in comparison with BG (cv. Pensacola) in terms of sward characteristics, nutritive value and choice by animals. In each experiment, four Japanese Black cows (Bos taurus) were individually allowed to graze conterminous monocultures of CG and BG (5 × 10 m each) for 30 min. Irrespective of regrowth durations and fertilizer rates, CG was consistently shorter, leafier and denser, contained lower acid detergent fiber and cellulose, and was preferred or equally selected by cows, as compared with BG. Furthermore, CG maintained sufficient levels of crude protein (80–89 g/kg DM) to ensure voluntary intake of ruminant animals under extended regrowth^? and without fertilizer, whereas BG failed to do so (65 g/kg DM). CG provided higher digestible dry matter than BG when crude protein concentration exceeded 86 g/kg DM. The results indicate advantages of CG as a forage.