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山杨小径木超微结构及其与干燥皱缩的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
前言山杨(Populus Dividiana Dode)小径木是黑龙江省尚志具帽儿山次生林区主要的间伐树种之一。该树种在干燥时易产生皱缩等缺陷,我们设想与其结构有关,故利用扫描电镜观察其超微结构,以期洞悉其中的奥秘。 W.R.Perng研究颤杨(Populus tremuloides)解剖构造与液体传导的关系,在电镜下观察时,指出颤杨心材中存在侵填体,这些侵填体使导管闭塞,因而液体流动困难。他又对此木材进行聚合物渗透,而心材导管中几乎无聚合物沉积,说明心材导管全部被侵填体堵塞,聚合物难以在心材沉积。 相似文献
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采用高效液相色谱法测定不同干燥方法以及不同花梗长度下款冬花中款冬酮和绿原酸的含量。结果表明:采用传统阴干法,款冬花中款冬酮与绿原酸的含量均达到最高,不同干燥方法下款冬酮含量由高到低依次为60℃烘干70℃烘干40℃烘干晾晒50℃烘干30℃烘干;总体来看,绿原酸含量随着烘干温度升高而降低,款冬酮、绿原酸的含量随着花梗长度的增加而降低。综上所述,款冬花最佳干燥方法为传统阴干法。若需采用烘干法,应综合考虑温度对款冬酮、绿原酸含量的影响,最佳烘干温度为40℃;建议用款冬酮、绿原酸2个指标综合评价款冬花药材质量,一级款冬花花梗长度≤1 cm,二级款冬花花梗长度≤2 cm,统货花梗长度≤3 cm。 相似文献
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Fungal inoculation induces agarwood in young Aquilaria malaccensis trees in the nursery 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Fungi are often used to induce agarwood inAquilariatrees. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of several fungi on agarwood formation over time in youngAquilaria malaccensis (Lam.) trees. Typical changes in the length and light intensity of the resulting discoloration were observed after three and six month periods following inoculation. Wood samples were observed microscopically and classified into several light intensity groups. The discoloration length was meas-ured longitudinally. The duration after inoculation affected the mean of discoloration length: the 6-month old sample (1.70 cm) had a wider discoloration zone when compared to the 3-month old sample (1.17 cm). When measuring the discoloration intensity, a positive relationship with time was perceived. Digital images, captured using a camera-equipped microscope, revealed that wood samples collected after six months appeared to be 1.8-times darker than after three months. We concluded that time, not the species of any of the tested fungi, had significant effect on discoloration length and intensity. Gas chromatography/mass spec-trometry (GCMS) analysis of the 6-month old sample yielded some important agarwood compounds such as benzylacetone, anisylacetone, guaiene and palustrol. This demonstrates that the tested fungi have the ability to induce agarwood formation in nurseryA. malaccensis trees. 相似文献
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红枣气体射流冲击干燥收缩特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chinese jujube originated in China and has a long historical standing. China is the only country which can produce a great amount of Chinese jujube in the world. Modern research showed that the nutrition of Chinese jujube is abundant. Chinese jujube has great medicinal and food value, with high economic value and good prospects for development. Shrinkage characteristics of dates generally refer to volume shrinkage characteristics of whole dates. Large fruit and plump grain appearance of dates is the first choice of consumers to buy elements. The volume of dried jujube points to the consumer’s heart, and is an important indicator of consumers whether to buy. Jujube processing enterprises grade the date in accordance with its size, different grades dates have different value and price. Therefore, drying is the most important steps during the dates processing as it affects directly the quality of the product, and the shrinkage characteristics is the most important quality characteristic of Chinese jujube after drying. However, the traditional natural desiccation and desiccation in the drying room of the red dates has many problems. The conventional drying method for Chinese jujube has some disadvantages of severe shrinkage, long drying time and large energy consumption etc. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of dried Chinese jujube and reduce the shrinkage, it is imperative to replace the traditional drying method with the modern technologies. Air impingement drying technology was applied to dry Chinese jujube. The drying characteristics of shrinkage, moisture effective diffusivity considering shrinkage characteristics and the activation energy of Chinese jujube shrinkage were investigated under different air temperatures (55, 60, 65 and 70℃) and air velocities (6, 9, 12 and 15m/s). The dynamic changes of the regular pattern for the shrinkage characteristic of Chinese jujube in the air impingement drying process were studied, the results showed that the volume relative shrinkage ratio of Chinese jujube appeared to increase and then decrease with the increase of air temperature and air velocity. Considering shrinkage characteristics, the moisture effective diffusivity of Chinese jujube in the air impingement drying process through the Fick’s second law was obtained. The diffusivity appeared to increase and then decrease with the decrease in moisture content in dry basis of Chinese jujube. The Arrhenius equation calculated the shrinkage activation energy of the Chinese jujube was 1281kJ/mol. This research provided technical basis for shrinkage characteristics of Chinese jujube using air impingement drying technology. 相似文献
39.
马世春 《东北林业大学学报》2000,28(4):95-96
采用高温干燥与常规干燥相结合的工艺技术,干燥水曲柳厚板材,经多次实践证明,不仅缩短干燥周期,而且提高了干燥质量。 相似文献
40.
通过6种类型的蚕茧干燥温度对蛹体适干率、茧丝品质等的影响的综合调查,认为二冲突温干燥的蛹体适干率、茧丝品质优于恒温干燥,而以头冲温度适中(110℃),二冲变温(100℃→90℃)时的蛹体适干率和茧丝品质略优于其他类型。 相似文献