华夏慈姑种质资源及其研究(上)

介绍了华夏慈姑种质资源的分布、植物学和园艺学分类、生物学特性及生长规律、营养成分，对华夏慈姑的细胞生物学、植物学、栽培学以及病虫害防治等方面的研究进展作了概述，提出了华夏慈姑种质资源研究的基本思路。     

COLLAGENASE CHEMONUCLEOLYSIS—A LONG TERM RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY IN NORMAL DOGS

Five clinically normal five year old dogs were used in this study. From a randomised table inter ver tebral discs were each injected with either collagenase or calcium chloride diluent. The surgically exposed cervical discs were injected with 50 units whereas thoracic and lumbar discs were injected under fluoroscopic guidance with 100 units of the enzyme. Postinjection radiographs revealed significant (p ≤ .05) disc space narrowing in enzyme injected discs. The cervical discs had the highest frequency of radiographic narrowing (87%) followed by the thoracic (70%) and lumbar (53%) discs. Spondylosis deformans developed at the sites of cervical enzyme injections. None of the dogs had neurologic abnormalities one year postinjection.     

Investigations on the Occurrence of Hereditary Diseases in the Danish Cattle Population 1989-1991

Agerholm, J.S., A. Basse and K. Christensen: Investigations on the occurrence of hereditary diseases in the Danish cattle population 1989-1991. Acta vet. scand. 1993, 34, 245-253.– The methods of the Danish Bovine Genetic Disease Programme are outlined, and the results obtained during the first 3 years in function are described. The most common disease reported was spinal muscular atrophy in calves of the Red Danish Dairy breed with 312 reports. Necropsy was performed on 162 cases, and spinal muscular atrophy was diagnosed in 82 of these. Bovine progressive degenerative mye-loencephalopathy, rectovaginal constriction, syndrome of arthrogryposis and palatoschisis, hereditary chondrodysplasia (2 different types), syndactylism, epitheliogenesis imperfecta, and osteogenesis imperfecta was diagnosed with 1 case each. Lethal trait A46 was diagnosed in 4 calves. Some of these diseases have not previously been described in Denmark, and epitheliogenesis imperfecta was for the first time diagnosed in the Hereford breed. Chromosome translocation 1/29 was detected in the Blonde d’Aquitaine (BAQ), Limousine, and Red Danish Dairy breed. The aberration occurred frequently in BAQ. Furthermore, a complex chromosome translocation t(l;8;9)(q45;ql3;q26) was detected in the Red Danish Dairy breed.     

桑蚕卵中酯酶A_4的研究

取产后两天内25℃保存的桑蚕卵为材料,精制酯酶A_4。将滞育卵中精制的酶液置5℃下冷藏,冷藏初期酶活性极低,大致在12～13日达最大值。以后迅速降低,体外保存的温度条件与酯酶A_4活性有关,较高的保存温度能促使酶活性峰提早出现:而低温保护能延缓酶的活化进程。酯酶A_4精制过程中,通过Sephadex G-25凝胶过滤,将大部分物质分段与酶分离排除,在5℃条件下,酶活性峰出现以前的任何时候加入排除分段物质,都可以停止酶的活性化,只有当重新除去所加的排除分段物质时,酶的活性化进程才得以继续。     

Photosynthate Unloading from Seed Coats of Phaseolus vulgaris L. an Attempt to Define Conditions Required for Stimulation by Abscisic Acid and Benzylamino Purine

The instablity of the stimulation of photosynthate unloading from seed coats of Phaseolus vulgaris by abscisic acid (ABA ) and benzylamino purine ( BAP ) was studied in terms of experimental conditions. ABA stimulated photosynthate unloading at pH 6 and pH 8 without close dependence upon pH. ABA at a concentration range of 10-5-10-4 mol/L displayed stimulatory effect. However, BAP revealed no effect at a concentration range of 10-6-10-4 mol/L. Experiments designed with different transport time of 14C-photosynthate indicated that ABA might act at the plasma membrane of the unloading cells. Reducing endogenous ABA level by diminishing leaf area did not facilitate the manifestation of exogenous ABA function. Potassium ion stimulated photosynthate unloading from seed coats with highest promotion at 100 mmol/L K . However, no dependence of ABA stimulation of photosynthate unloading on K was found.     

向日葵[Helianthus annuus(L.)]白花粉突变体遗传研究初报

向日葵[IIelianlhus anuus (L.)]是我国的重要经济作物。其花粉通常呈深浅程度不同的黄颜色。据我们掌握和查新资料,目前世界上尚未见有关白花粉方面的报道。1989年7月下旬至8月上旬,我们在吉林农业大学向日葵育种试验田的恢复系C8711群体中,先后发现4株白花粉突变体。暂分别定名为C8711—1、C8711—2、C8711—3和C8711—4。在进行人工套袋之前,此4株突变体已经在一定程度上发生了开放授粉,其中C8711—4开放授粉程度较轻。成熟时单独收获这4株突变体的种子,以进行有关遗传学研究,本文拟对白花粉突变的遗传学机理进行初步的探讨。     

奶牛胎儿的父亲对母亲产奶量的影响

用中国黑白花奶牛研究了胎儿的父亲及犊牛初生重对母亲当胎及下一个泌乳期产奶量的影响,结果指出胎儿的父亲对母亲当胎及下一个泌乳期90天和305天的产奶量,都有极显著的影响,各占产奶总变异量的9.4％,15.3％及3.77％(P<0.01)。犊牛初生重对母亲产奶量的影响也显著(P<0.05)。当根据公牛的产奶预期差(PDM)将胎儿的父亲分为两组后,发现差异显著(P<0.05),胎儿父亲的PDM高,胎儿母亲的产奶量也高,因此胎儿母亲产奶量不仅受胎儿重量的影响,也受父亲PDM的影响。     

LRH─A3、hCG和PMSG对体外培养条件下牦牛垂体组织LH和FSH分泌的调节

促卵泡素３号（ＬＲＨ－Ａ３）、人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｈＣＧ）和孕马血清促性腺激素（ＰＭＳＧ）等３种外源性激素均可增加体外培养条件下牦牛垂体组织分泌ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ的能力。培养液中ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ含量与加入的ＬＲＨ－Ａ３量呈正相关，与加入的ＰＭＳＧ和ｈＣＧ的量无显著关系