丝石竹优良单株快速繁殖的研究

本文报道丝石竹优良单株离体快速繁殖和规模化育苗技术。取其切花后萌芽苗的嫩茎段为外植体，培养在ＯＭ培养基上。在附加６—ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＯＭ培养基上，腋芽的诱导和生长最好；在附加６—ＢＡ４＋ＮＡＡ０．０１的ＯＭ培养基上，芽的增殖效果最佳，增殖倍数为２４．４６；ＯＭＯ（不含任何植物激素的ＯＭ培养基）最利于壮苗；在ＯＭ培养基中附加ＩＢＡ０．１～０．３，不定根诱导和生长效果最佳，生根率达９８．６％。试管苗移入珍珠岩中生长最好，移植成活率为９２％。     

水生美人蕉组培快繁技术研究

以水生美人蕉带有芽苞的根茎为外植体进行组培快繁技术研究,结果表明:MS BA1.0～4.0mg/L NAA0.2mg/L培养基能较好地诱导分化出不定芽;MS BA6.0～8.0mg/L NAA0.2mg/L培养基增殖效果最好;在MS不加激素和MS NAA0.2mg/L培养基上进行生根培养都有不同程度的根分化。株高6～8cm出瓶用苔藓炼苗,成活率达95%以上。     

拉扭加载下疲劳裂纹扩展的试验研究

对航空材料LY12CZ进行了多种比例和非比例拉扭双轴加载下的疲劳试验。采用弹塑性有限元方法对缺口孔边的应力应变进行了分析,探讨疲劳裂纹扩展方向与孔边各应力和应变分量之间的关系。比较分析结果与试验数据得出比例加载下,疲劳裂纹基本上在垂直于最大主应变方向扩展。45°及90°非比例加载下,疲劳裂纹沿着最大剪应变平面扩展。     

Multiple paternity,reproductive skew and correlates of male reproductive success in a wild population of the Trinidadian guppy

Abstract – In most species, males have a higher reproductive potential than females, leading to skewed reproductive success, particularly in mating systems where pre‐ or postcopulatory sexual selection reinforces inequality in male mating success. We investigated multiple paternity, reproductive skew and correlates of male reproductive success in a wild population of the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). We used nine microsatellite loci to assess the frequency of multiple paternity, number of sires per brood and reproductive skew. Across broods, the frequency of multiple paternity was high with 94% of broods having multiple sires (range: 1–5), resulting in a reproductive skew of 0.14. Variation in male reproductive success was high (range: 0–14 offspring per male), suggesting that there is considerable opportunity for sexual selection. Next, we examined correlations between male reproductive success and sexual coloration, sperm velocity and gonopodium length. Relative area of orange, black, iridescent and total coloration, and sperm velocity were not correlated with reproductive success. However, gonopodium length explained 14% of the variation in reproductive success, suggesting that gonopodium length is likely a sexually selected trait. We discuss these findings in the light of other studies that genetically dissect joint‐sex parentage and examine correlates of male reproductive success in wild populations.     

甘蔗新品种黔糖4号腋芽离体快繁技术研究

用黔糖4号作供试材料,选择蔗茎嫩梢部茎腋芽作接种外植体进行离体培养;外值体消毒采用75%酒精浸泡8～10s后用0.1%HgCl2消毒15min复合消毒,多次清洗再接种;腋芽诱导培养基采用(液态)1/2MS 0.25mg/L(6-BA);丛芽诱导增殖培养基采用(固态)MS 2.5mg/L(L-BA) 0.2mg/L(KT),每隔15～20d转基继代一次,繁殖倍数可达30倍以上;生根培养基采用(固态)1/2MS 3.0mg/L(NAA) 0.1mg/L(IBA),添加2.5mg/L的MET,使丛苗根粗苗壮;炼苗后移至“沙土沙”的苗床假植,再单株假植至20cm左右高的苗时进行大田定植;摸索总结了一套黔糖4号腋芽离体快繁种苗技术,并详细介绍了操作要领,提出了有关环节中应注意的五个问题和相应的解决方法。     

斑马水塔花的组织培养和快速繁殖

试验筛选出斑马水塔花的诱导愈伤组织培养基MS+6-BA1.0mg·L-1+NAA0.2mg·L-1，愈伤组织诱导率达96.7%；继代增殖培养基MS+6-BA2.0mg·L-1+NAA0.2mg·L-1，增殖倍数达8～9倍；生根培养基MS+KT 0.5mg·L-1+NAA0.5mg·L-1，生根率达100%。幼苗经炼苗后，移栽到经菌肥处理的甘蔗渣∶泥炭土∶珍珠岩＝6∶3∶1的基质上，成活率达95%以上。     

植物组织培养快速繁殖类型综述

应用植物组织培养方法进行快速繁殖,具有繁殖速度快、能保持植株的优良性状等优点。其繁殖类型有无菌扦插、器官发生、器官直接转变型、胚状体发生和原球茎等类型。指出了组织培养快速繁殖技术目前存在的主要问题。     

芳樟工厂化育苗技术研究

通过对芳樟工业原料林良种茎尖的离体培养和繁殖 ,探讨芳樟茎尖诱导、分化、不定芽生长分化、生根的适宜的培养基和适宜的培养条件。结果表明 :适宜芳樟茎尖诱导培养基为MS +6 -BAa～ 2amg .L-1+NAAbmg .L-1,诱导率达 70 %以上 ,适宜分化丛生芽的理想培养基为改良MS +6 -BAa′～ 2a′mg .L-1+NAA0～ 2bmg .L-1+GA0～cmg .L-1芽年增殖系数达4 5 12 以上 ,有效芽苗率达 80 %以上 ,适合生根培养基为 1/2改良MS +NAAb′mg .L-1+IBA0～b′mg .L-1或 1/2改良MS +IBAb′mg .L-1+NAA0～b′mg .L-1,或R +IBAc2 mg .L-1+NAAc1 mg .L-1生根率达 98%以上。移栽土壤基质以黄心土加沙(10∶1)理想 ,移栽成活率可达 85 %以上     

白玉兰离体培养和快速繁殖

试验建立了白玉兰离体繁殖体系。种子为外植体 ,初代培养基为 :B5 +BA0 .5mg/L +NAA0 .0 5mg/L + 30g/L糖 +琼脂 6g/L ,萌发率 85 %。继代培养基为 :B5 +BA1.5mg/L +NAA0 .15mg/L + 30g/glucose/sucrose + 6g/Lagar+Vco0 .5g/L ,月增殖率可达 5 .0± 0 .1。生根培养为 :1/2B5+NAA0 .5mg/L +AC1.0mg/L +VB2 0mg/L。以试管苗茎段、根段做外植体 ,培养基B5 +BA2mg/L+ 2 .4 -D0 .5mg/L +VC0 .5g/L ,可获得少量愈伤组织 ,继代存活率仅为 30 %。没有再分化成苗     

水栀子的组织培养和快速繁殖

以水栀子茎切段为外植体,进行植株再生和快速繁殖研究。结果表明在以MS 6-BA 3 mg/L NAA0.4 mg/L的培养基上,不定芽诱导效果较好,分化率达100%;增殖培养时,在MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L IAA0.2mg/L的培养基上效果较好;再生苗在1/2MS IAA(0.1～0.5)mg/L的培养基上生根效果较好。