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排序方式: 共有491条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
草莓在贮藏和运输期间会产生褪色现象,花青素含量逐渐减少。为研究光照时间、温度、pH、金属离子对草莓花青素的影响,探索合适的加工与贮运条件,在花青素含量保持一致的情况下设置4种反应条件,探讨光照时间、温度、pH、金属离子对草莓花青素的影响。草莓花青素在自然光下照射8 h,吸光度值下降25%,温度高于60℃后,吸光度值下降67%。当pH>7时,吸光度值下降85%,添加Na+、Mg2+后的色素提取液反应2 h后所测吸光度值分别保持在0.070和0.050左右,而添加Fe3+后测得的吸光度值下降87%。实验结果表明,草莓在贮运过程中应避光、低温、保持酸性条件,且避免与铁制品接触。 相似文献
2.
红掌细菌性疫病的病原菌初步鉴定 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
在云南西双版纳的红掌上发现一种由细菌侵染引起的病害,从叶片的病组织上分离到具有致病性的杆状细菌,将分离的病原菌接种于健康的红掌上,表现出与田间一致的症状。感病初期在叶缘或叶脉间出现水渍状小点,后期病斑多呈棕褐色至黑色坏死,病健交界处多呈黄色。从接种发病的病斑与田间标样上分离的病原菌菌落形态完全相同。通过菌株的培养性状、常规生理生化特性及透射电镜下菌体形态观察结果,将病原菌初步鉴定为黄单胞菌属(Xanthomonas)。BIOLOG鉴定和致病性测定结果进一步鉴定病原菌为地毯草黄单胞菌花叶万年青致病变种Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae(Xad)(McCulloch & Pirone) Vauterin et al. 相似文献
3.
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) are nutritious pseudocereals that originate from the Andean region. The aim of this research was to study the effect of germination and the subsequent kilning on the phenolic compounds and proximate composition in selected Peruvian varieties of quinoa (“Chullpi”) and kiwicha (“Oscar Blanco”). The germination process was carried out for 24, 48 and 72 h at 22 °C, and the kilning was performed with samples germinated for 72 h by drying the seeds at 90 °C for 5 min. Both processes increased the protein content of the samples. However, lipid content was reduced during germination. On the other hand, germination and kilning clearly increased the concentration of total phenolic compounds in both quinoa and kiwicha. Germination for 72 h either with or without kilning process resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the total content of phenolics compared to untreated materials, which was especially due to coumaric acid and a kaempferol tri-glycoside in quinoa and caffeoylquinic acid in kiwicha. Based on the results, germination and kilning may improve the nutritional quality of the Andean grains, encouraging the usage of the processed grains as ingredients in functional products for people with special gluten-free or vegetarian diets. 相似文献
4.
Yanfen Ma Ying Feng Liwen Song Muyang Li Hongyu Dai Hua Bao Guijie Zhang Lei Zhao Chunhua Zhang Jing Yi Yusheng Liang 《动物营养(英文)》2021,7(1):206
Peripartal cows often experience negative energy balance, and are therefore prone to suffering from metabolic diseases such as hyperketonemia, which causes financial losses in dairy farms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplementation during the periparturient period on production performance, oxidative stress and immunometabolism in dairy cows with hyperketonemia. One hundred Holstein cows were assigned to GTP (0.2 g/kg DM; n = 50) or control (without GTP; n = 50) group based on body weight, previous milk yield, and parity on d 15 before expected parturition. Subsequently, 10 cows with hyperketonemia were selected from each group, according to blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration between 1.2 and 2.9 mmol/L from 2 to 3 d postpartum. All cows were fed a close-up diet and a lactation diet with or without GTP supply from 15 d prepartum until 30 d postpartum. Milk and blood samples were obtained from 20 cows selected with hyperketonemia on 10, 20, and 30 d postpartum. Compared with control cows, greater milk yield and lower somatic cell count were observed in GTP cows. The GTP group had lower concentrations of BHBA, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, greater concentrations of glucose, lower activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamyl transpeptidase, alongside greater activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, GTP supplementation up-regulated concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, but down-regulated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-8, and interferon-γ in plasma. Greater concentrations of plasma immunoglobulin G were also detected in the GTP group. Overall, the data suggested that GTP supplementation from 15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum improved the milk yield and health status in cows with hyperketonemia during early lactation. 相似文献
5.
天津泰达高羊茅草坪土壤水分动态研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过中子水分仪定期测定土壤含水量,得出高羊茅草坪土壤中水分的变化规律。结果表明,土壤水分状况分为3层,0~20 cm为活跃层,30~50 cm为次活跃层,50~100 cm为稳定层。草坪能够利用0~50 cm土层的水分,但是不能利用50 cm以下土层的水分。并确定出灌溉深度、灌溉饱和点和灌溉补偿点,为制定合理的草坪灌溉制度提供依据。 相似文献
6.
7.
J. Adriana Sañudo-Barajas John Labavitch Carl Greve Tomás Osuna-Enciso Dolores Muy-Rangel Jorge Siller-Cepeda 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2009,51(2):158-167
Cell wall disassembly in ripening climacteric fruit is a highly complex process where ethylene plays a crucial role. Ethylene inhibitors can be used to explore the changes in the cell wall matrix and cross-linked polysaccharides in ethylene-regulated processes. The results of applying the ethylene receptor blocking inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and the ethylene-releasing compound ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) indicate that softening of ‘Maradol’ papaya fruit is dependent on ethylene. When fruit were induced to ripen extensively by exposure to a high dose of ethephon, 1-MCP inhibited the subsequent softening dramatically, but when inhibition of the ethylene response was caused by application of 1-MCP, subsequent fruit treatment with ethephon promoted extensive loss of galactose from the water-soluble polysaccharides, but this was not accompanied by fruit softening. The cell wall changes accompanying normal fruit softening were pectin solubilization and polyuronide depolymerization and these processes occurred simultaneously. Polygalacturonase likely is responsible for the ripening-associated changes in ‘Maradol’ papaya fruit texture and pectin polymer integrity. An increase in extractable fruit polygalacturonase follows the increased presence of pectin-derived oligosaccharides. 相似文献
8.
《Industrial Crops and Products》2007,25(1):63-69
Methods must be developed to improve both the processability and physical properties of zein-based articles. Typical plasticizing agents that improve processability have a negative impact on physical properties at elevated humidities. Continued efforts must be employed to discover improved plasticizers. Carboxylic acids having more than one carboxylic acid moiety have been evaluated in zein melt formulations produced in a torque rheometer. These reagents were effective plasticizers for zein, lowering zein viscosity, and delaying the onset of rapid viscosity increase. These reagents altered viscosity differently than the traditional plasticizers such as triethylene glycol. These additives also lowered the tensile strength (TS) of zein formulations at 50% RH. Surprisingly, TS at 70% RH was higher than that at 50% RH at elevated levels of these additives. NMR analysis of Soxhlet extracted samples showed that these multivalent carboxylic acids do not cross-link the zein under the reaction conditions employed. 相似文献
9.
Button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) were dipped for 2 min in different concentrations (1%, 2% and 3%) of alginate, then placed in jars and ventilated continuously with 100% O2 for up to 16 d at 4 °C. Mushroom respiration rate, weight loss, texture, color, percent open caps, chemical properties and activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) were measured. The results indicate that treatment with alginate coating (2%) + 100% O2 maintained a high level of firmness, and delayed browning and cap opening. In addition, alginate coating (2%) + 100% O2 also delayed changes in the soluble solids concentration, total sugars and ascorbic acid, and inhibited the activity of PPO and POD throughout storage. Our study suggests that the use of alginate coating under a high oxygen modified atmosphere has the potential to maintain button mushroom quality and extend its postharvest life to 16 d. 相似文献
10.
《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2009,51(2-3):228-230
The effects of postharvest application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on ethylene production and fruit quality, and thus on transportation and shelf-life, were evaluated in melting-flesh peaches. AVG (150 mg L−1) significantly reduced ethylene production, and the effect was enhanced in combination with 1-MCP (1 μL L−1). However, fruit treated with AVG alone softened to untreated control levels 2 d after harvest (DAH). Treatment with 1-MCP significantly reduced the rate of softening until 2 DAH, but the fruit rapidly softened thereafter, and reached untreated control levels by 4 DAH. A combination of AVG and 1-MCP significantly reduced fruit tissue softening throughout ripening. The effect of each chemical on flesh firmness indicated that 1-MCP affected fruit response in the early stages of ripening up to 4 DAH, and AVG significantly reduced softening in the latter stages from 4 to 9 DAH. Peaches treated with AVG and 1-MCP retained their ground color during ripening, but the effect of each chemical on color is unclear. The present study indicates that combined treatment with AVG and 1-MCP significantly delays the ripening of melting-flesh peaches. 相似文献