我国美国杏李栽培现状及发展对策

介绍美国杏李生物学特性、分布及在我国引种概况、栽培表现,阐述了制约我国美国杏李发展的主要因素,从提高认识、完善机制、加强科研与技术推广和转变经营理念等方面提出了促进产业发展的对策.     

1株解淀粉芽孢杆菌B7快速液态发酵优化工艺研究

本试验以1株饲用益生菌解淀粉芽孢杆菌B7（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B7，B.amyloliquefaciens B7）为研究对象，为了增强其在液态条件下的发酵水平，提高其芽孢发酵工艺优化效率，拟采用测定芽孢吡啶二羧酸（dipicolonic acid，DPA）浓度的方法来代替传统的平板芽孢计数法，以探讨此测定方法在芽孢发酵优化工艺中的可行性。首先，通过单因素试验筛选出对菌株产孢有显著促进作用的因子，进一步通过正交优化试验确定蛋白胨、玉米粉、大米蛋白粉和Mn²⁺组合的最优水平。结果表明，发酵液中的芽孢浓度与测定的DPA荧光强度呈线性相关，在蛋白胨20 g/L、玉米粉10 g/L、大米蛋白粉20 g/L、Mn²⁺1.0 mmol/L时发酵48 h，检测到DPA荧光强度达到最大，其相应的芽孢浓度达到7.0×10⁹ CFU/mL。与实验室常用的LB培养基相比，芽孢浓度提高了3.3倍；与工业生产用培养基相比，芽孢浓度提高了2.2倍。本研究为芽孢杆菌发酵过程中芽孢浓度测定提供了一种快速方法，为工业菌株B.amyloliquefaciens B7的发酵提供了一种成分简单且高产芽孢的培养基。     

远程咨询中心的温室项目综合解决方案

<正>现代温室工程拥有最先进的技术,可以保障作物在生长季始终处于最佳状态。通过配置空气循环器、加热系统等设备,使温室内可以创造出适宜作物生长的微气候,并实现精确灌溉、施肥,从而获得良好收益。然而,即使是最先进的设备仍需要专业的技术人员为温室内植物的生长条件设定适宜的参数,从而获取最佳效益。种植者通过人工调控或自动控制系统掌握温室内随植物生长季节变化而迅速变化的参数(该参数取决于植物生长阶段和气候变化),了解并满足植物的生长需求是一个     

Preparation of Adjuvant Diluent for Live Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever and Evaluation of its Immune Effects

The aim of this study was to develop a novel oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion as adjuvant diluents (AD) for live vaccine against classical swine fever (CSF) that could effectively enhance the immune effect of vaccine.The AD was prepared by high-pressure homogenization technique.Formulations and preparation parameters were optimized with response surface design.Its stability, particle size, polydispersity (PDI) and Zeta potential were characterized.The humoral immune response and cellular immune response of the AD were evaluated with BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The particle size of the AD prepared by optimized formulation and parameters was 100.4 nm, PDI was 0.147, and Zeta potential was —28.7 mV.The experiment results showed that the AD had good stability.The AD was inoculated combined with live vaccine against CSF into BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The results showed that the live vaccine against CSF specific immune responses could be evoked in mice by co-inoculation with AD and vaccine.The cellular immune response levels in co-inoculated groups were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), with obvious phenomena of higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-4 in serum.The result revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved with the AD.The results strongly revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved by introducing AD for effective immune-adjuvant for live vaccine against CSF.     

调环酸钙25%悬浮剂对直播稻抗倒伏和产量性状的影响

为了研究新型植物生长调节剂调环酸钙在直播稻上的应用效果,本研究设计了调环酸钙25%悬浮剂在直播稻武运粳8号上的田间试验,用来了解其对直播稻的抗倒伏性状和产量性状的影响。试验结果表明:在直播稻武运粳8号的分蘖期使用调环酸钙25%悬浮剂12~15g/667m2均能够显著降低水稻的株高,缩短茎基部节间长度,提高水稻的抗倒伏能力,同时也能显著提高水稻产量。     

秸秆粉碎机实际生产效能改进研究

随着我国生物质能开发与利用地不断提高,生物质颗粒燃料需求量逐年提高,生物质颗粒燃料生产逐步向规模化、效益化方向发展,秸秆等生物质的粉碎则至关重要。分析各种锤片式粉碎机在实际生产过程中的效能,并与改进后的粉碎机效能进行对比,以提高现有秸秆粉碎机效能,逐步标准化各主要部件,为生物质颗粒燃料规模化生产提供基础保障。     

微胶囊技术及其在食品工业中的应用研究

利用微胶囊技术,可以解决传统工艺所不能解决的众多问题,生产出多种高新产品,且具有良好的功能性质和贮存稳定性。介绍微胶囊技术的特点,壁材、芯材的类型,制备方法、原理,以及其在饮料工业、乳制品、糖果、食品添加剂以及焙烤食品中的应用。     

Development and application of a molecular marker for TMV resistance based on <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis> gene in tobacco (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Nicotiana tabacum</Emphasis>)

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) caused serious loss in yield and quality of tobacco every year. It is a long-term goal to improve the tobacco resistance against TMV by tobacco breeding. N gene was the firstly reported TMV-resistant gene, which showed resistance against all Tobamoviruses except the Ob stain and belonged to the toll-interleukin-1 receptor/nucleotide-binding site/leucine-rich repeat class of plant resistance (R) genes. At present, N gene had already been widely used in tobacco conventional breeding, but there is rare available molecular maker used in marker-assisted selection of TMV resistance. In this study, we designed a pair of primers that specific amplify N gene fragment based on the sequence of N gene intron III, named N-marker. Then, we identified TMV resistance by two selecting methods, PCR with N-marker and inoculated with the TMV-C strain. Results from the two method showed that (1) 13 varieties among 67 tobacco varieties displayed hypersensitive reaction when inoculated with the TMV-C strain, also contained N gene fragments screened by PCR with N-marker; (2) 105 strains of 200 BC1 strains showed resistance against TMV when inoculated with TMV-C strain, meanwhile, 103 of the 105 strains contained N gene fragment verified by PCR with N-marker. Therefore, the N-marker is reliable for high throughput screening of germplasm resources and tobacco breeding materials in selection of N-mediated TMV resistance. Our study not only developed a molecular marker for tobacco breeding, but also identified new germplasm resources that are resistant to TMV.     

暗纹东方鲀的开发利用与管理

综述了国内暗纹东方鲀(Fuguobscurus)渔业资源开发过程和利用现状,表明该渔业资源有较高价值和消费前景;总结了国内相关法规的完善过程、相关专利的申请和授权状况、相关标准的制定和颁布情况以及养殖河豚毒性等相关研究成果,说明国内已经基本具备解禁暗纹东方鲀渔业资源鲜食利用的条件;介绍了上海开展河豚试食工作的准备历程、启动和完成的相关研究项目、养殖消费现状等,为河豚解禁做了大量的准备工作。本文内容体现了暗纹东方鲀资源的社会和经济价值,为河豚渔业的开发利用和监管提供参考。     

新疆甜菜丸粒化单粒种高密高产高糖栽培模式

在新疆适宜种植甜菜的生态区,通过选择甜菜丸粒化单粒种,在高密度种植条件下,依据不同栽培管理阶段特点采用合理的管理措施,以实现甜菜单产97.5～105.0t/hm2、含糖率15%以上的目标,从而构建甜菜丸粒化单粒种高密高产高糖栽培模式。