枣新品种‘延川狗头枣’

 ‘延川狗头枣’为鲜食、制干兼用中晚熟枣新品种。果实大、卵圆形或锥形，似狗头状。单果平均质量18.7 g，最大25.4 g；果肉细脆，汁液中多，味酸甜；鲜食、干制品质优良。适宜平均气温10—11l℃ 、降雨量500 mm左右的北方地区栽培。     

哈茨木霉几丁质酶诱导及其对水稻纹枯病菌的拮抗作用

 在实验室条件下分别以几丁质和水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)细胞壁作唯一碳源诱导哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)菌株NF9、TC3和P1产生几丁质酶,用硫酸铵沉淀法制备几丁质酶粗提液。上述木霉菌株内切几丁质酶活性(对胶体几丁质浑浊度的减少率)分别为79.8%、74.4%和76.0%,均显著高于非诱导的阳性对照。培养第5 d几丁质诱导的木霉菌株NF9和TC3内切几丁质酶活性显著高于由水稻纹枯病菌细胞壁诱导的酶活性。体外测定表明,通过诱导的木霉菌株TC3、NF9和P1几丁质酶粗提液对水稻纹枯病病菌的拮抗圈直径可达38、21和23 mm,与非诱导的阳性对照比较有显著性差异。对木霉几丁质酶拮抗作用的特点及生防应用进行了讨论。     

熊蜂为温室茄子授粉试验

通过对温室茄子应用熊蜂授粉、人工蘸花授粉和空白对照的比较研究,结果表明熊蜂组的座果数比人工组和对照组分别增加了17.84%和33.32%,产量比人工组和对照组分别提高了27.93%和41.98%,果实含糖量比人工组和对照组分别增加了18.33%和21.16%,而且,熊蜂组的果实大而充实,商品性较好.说明利用熊蜂为温室茄子授粉,不仅能够促进座果,提高产量,而且可以改善果实品质,提升产品的附加值.     

Relation between TNF-α,TNFR I expression and apoptosis in oral lichen planus

AIM: To examine the expression and distribution of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor receptor I (TNFR I) and apoptosis in oral lichen planus, and evaluate their roles and relation in the oral lichen. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique and TUNEL were employed to study the expression of TNF-α, TNFR I and apoptosis in 50 cases of oral lichen planus and 10 normal oral mucosa specimens. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, TNF-α expression was upregulated in mononuclear cells in lamina propria and decreased in keratinocytes in oral lichen planus lesion (P<0.05). On the contrary, TNFR I expression was increased in keratinocytes and decreased in lamina propria in oral lichen planus lesion (P<0.05). The increased apoptosis index in keratinocytes and the decreased apoptosis index in lamina propria were found in oral lichen planus (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The accelerated apoptosis of keratinocytes and the inhibition of lymphocytes apoptosis may contribute to the formation and progression of oral lichen planus.     

Effect of EGFP gene transfection on the cell cycle distribution of primary cultured human chondrocytes

AIM: To investigate the effect of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene transfection on the cell cycle distribution of primary cultured human chondrocytes in order to establish a tracking method of cultured human nasoseptal chondrocytes. METHODS: pEGFP-N1 plasmid was amplified in E.coli, and purified by high purity kit. Primary cultured human chondrocytes,which were initially obtained from the nasoseptal cartilage, were cultured in vitro and transferred with pEGFP-N1 by means of electroporation with Amaxa nucleofector device. Transfering process and transient expression were evaluated by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), the transfer efficiency and the cell cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS: There was significant expression of EGFP at 24 h after transferring. The transfection efficiency of pEGFP-N1 into primary cultured human chondrocytes reached 35.37％ at 48 h. It didn't affect the process of cell adherance and had no effect on the cell cycle distribution. CONCLUSION: Primary cultured human chondrocytes, which were transfected with pEGFP, are alive in vitro, and the transferring process doesn't affect the cell cycle distribution. These results suggest that pEGFP-N1 is an ideal transient expression vector for primary cultured human chondrocytes and it might be a well tracer in construction tissue engineered cartilage.     

猪瘟病毒及其全长cDNA在猪肾细胞中增殖表达特性的比较研究

以猪瘟C-株弱毒疫苗株、经典强毒石门株和C-株全长cDNA为试验材料，以免疫荧光技术为主；结合ELISA和RT-PCR检测技术，对其在培养细胞中的增殖特性和表达规律进行了比较研究。同时筛选猪瘟病毒及其全长cDNA的敏感细胞，探索其增殖表达规律，以便为猪瘟病毒反向遗传操作提供技术方法和可操作的条件。     

垄作模式下甜高粱对农田渍害胁迫的响应

我国长江中下游地区常年降水较多,易形成农田渍害。为探究渍害胁迫对甜高粱(Sorghum dochna)产量性状和抗氧化酶系统的影响,设计了平作和垄作两个处理,在甜高粱三叶期对其进行渍水处理,测定并比较各处理的抗氧化酶系统活性和产量性状。结果表明,苗期遭受渍害胁迫,垄作处理下甜高粱的茎粗、单株干重、叶数、叶面积指数均显著高于平作(P0.05)。株高和茎叶比在两个处理间无显著差异(P0.05);与平作处理相比,渍害胁迫下甜高粱叶片的抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性更强。研究表明,垄作耕作方式能够提高甜高粱耐受渍害胁迫的能力,获得更高的产量。     

紫花苜蓿土壤浸提液对蜀葵的化感作用

为探究紫花苜蓿对蜀葵种子萌发和生长的化感作用，采取了紫花苜蓿根际及距离根际20、40、60 cm处表层5~10 cm的土壤，采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）检测土壤浸提液（分别表示为R、D20、D40、D60）中5种有机酸类化感物质的含量。采用生物检测方法分析测定了土壤浸提液对蜀葵种子萌发的影响，并通过盆栽试验测定了紫花苜蓿与蜀葵间作条件下蜀葵叶绿素、丙二醛（MDA）、可溶性蛋白及生物量等生理生态学指标。结果表明： 5种有机酸在紫花苜蓿根际的含量最高，随着与根际距离的增加有机酸含量逐渐减少；R处理下，蜀葵发芽率和发芽指数比对照（蒸馏水）分别降低6.23%和31.32%，根长和苗长则与对照相比分别显著减少了56.11%和48.94%。盆栽实验结果表明，紫花苜蓿和蜀葵间作对蜀葵地上和地下生物量均产生明显抑制作用，与单种时相比分别减少8.01%和23.99%；间作使蜀葵叶绿素含量降低、MDA和可溶性蛋白含量升高。研究表明，紫花苜蓿对蜀葵有明显的化感作用，种植时不宜过密，应至少保持间距60 cm。     

系统动力学模型在吉林省水资源承载力的仿真应用

水资源短缺和水环境污染作为水资源危机的主要内容,在吉林省社会经济发展过程中广泛存在。对此,从人口、经济、生态、水资源和水环境等5个子系统,建立吉林省水资源承载力系统动力学模型,通过设计现状延续型、节约水量型、环境保护型、综合协调型4种情景,模拟2016-2025年吉林省水资源承载力。结果显示:现状延续型在水量和水质两要素均最差,为最劣方案;节水水量型和环境保护型分别在缓解水资源供需压力和改善水环境质量上有所建树,为非劣方案;综合协调型在水量和水质两要素均表现优异,为最优方案;2025年4种方案的水资源承载力排序为综合协调型>环境保护型>节约水量型>现状延续型。     

氨氮胁迫对四鼻须鲤鱼肝脏GST酶活力的影响

实验采用生态毒理学方法,以NH4Cl为实验药物,设置0、50、150和250mg/L实验浓度。通过对野生和养殖群体的四鼻须鲤鱼氨氮对肝脏谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶（GST）活力的影响,比较两个群体抗氨氮能力。结果表明：在相同的氨氮浓度和胁迫时间下,四鼻须鲤鱼养殖群体GST酶活力的变化趋势与野生群体大致相同。除250mg/L浓度组在胁迫5d和10d时,野生群体酶活性略低于养殖群体外,在其余时间点的野生群体酶活性均高于养殖群体,而且,在高浓度氨氮胁迫下,野生群体肝脏的GST酶活性达到峰值的时间比养殖群体更短,显示出较强的抗氨氮能力。