Relationship between levels of IL-2, TNF-α and nitric oxide in aqueous humor after intraocular lens implantation

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the level of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) in aqueous humor after intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into three groups: (1) control group; (2) extracapsular cataract extraction group (ECCE); (3) extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation group (ECCE+IOL). The inflammation in all experimental rabbit eyes was observed via zoom-photo slit-lamp microscope on 1, 3, 7, 14 d and 30 d postoperation. Meanwhile, aqueous humor was drawn for white blood cell (WBC) counting and classifying and for determining IL-2, TNF-α and NO₂^-/NO₃^- contents. RESULTS: (1) The level of IL-2 and TNF-α and NO₂^-/ NO₃^- in aqueous humor of ECCE+IOL group were higher than that in ECCE and control at 1 to 14 days postoperation, respectively, it increased to peak value at 3 to 7 days postoperation and decreased gradually two weeks postoperation; (2) The changes in IL-2, TNF-α and NO₂^-/NO₃^- in each group were basically similer; (3) The changes of IL-2 and TNF-α level were closely related with NO content in aqueous humor (r=0.69, P<0.01 and r=0.98, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: IL-2, TNF-α and NO play an important role in intraocular inflammation intraocular lens implantation.     

Isolation and Identification of Group I Type 4 Avian Adenovirus and Analysis in Immune Effect of Fiber-2 Protein

The aim of this study was to identify pathogens, which caused pericardial effusion, hepatomegaly and bleeding at a chicken farm in Henan province, and furthermore to analyze effectiveness of immunogenic proteins of the pathogen. This study employed virus isolation, serological assays, PCR and sequencing analysis, animal experimentation, E. coli expression and protein purification, immunogenicity and challenge test and other methods. The results showed that virus was isolated in 7-day-old SPF chicken embryonated eggs, inoculated via the yolk sac route by two blind passages. Viral confirmation was carried out using PCR techniques, and showed a 900-bp-long fragment which shared a 100% homology with the Hexon gene of the serotype C4 strain. Serum neutralization results indicated that this isolate avian adenovirus was the group I type 4 avian adenovirus, named HN-ZK strain. The virus could induce CPE on primary hepatocytes of chicken embryo, and its titer was 10^7.5 TCID₅₀·0.1 mL^-1. Animal experimentation illustrated that the isolated virus caused 100% (10/10) typical symptoms and pathogenicity in 35-day-old SPF chickens. Furthermore, the DNA of the isolate virus was used as a template to express Fiber-2 fragment, with a molecular weight of 33 kDa by using the E. coli expression system, and the protein was concentrated and purified to 300 mg·mL^-1 after centrifugation and purification. SPF chickens were immunized with different doses of the purified Fiber-2 protein, and showed that a dose of 20 μg per chick was completely resistant to challenge of the virulent virus, suggesting the purified Fiber-2 protein has better immunogenicity. This study can provide data for diagnosing the hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome, and developing a genetic engineering subunit vaccine.     

猪瘟病毒持续感染对母猪繁殖性能及仔猪猪瘟疫苗免疫效力的影响

利用来源于同一猪场的2头猪瘟病毒(HCV)持续感染的带毒母猪及所产35头仔猪(包括13头死胎)和6头阴性对照猪,观察母猪的胎儿发育成活状况、仔猪HCV带毒率及HCV垂直传播对仔猪猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗(HCLV)免疫效力的干扰作用,同时进行水平传播试验和观察HCV持续感染对母猪繁殖功能的影响。结果表明：HCV持续感染对其中1头母猪的胎儿发育和成活有明显影响,而对另1头母猪的胎儿发育没有明显影响;HCV持续感染母猪可经过胎盘垂直传播病毒给仔猪,传播率达45％～86％;吃初乳和接种HCLV不能阻止带毒仔猪的死亡,9头带毒仔猪在45d内死亡4头;免疫HCLV不能使带毒仔猪产生免疫保护力。5头猪在强毒攻击后死亡4头;HCV垂直传播的带毒猪可发生水平传播,并引起3／4感染猪死亡;HCV持续感染可引起母猪生殖系统病理变化。导致繁殖障碍。     

宣城市主要旱耕地土壤类型的水分特征

研究安徽省宣城市旱耕土壤在不同水吸力条件下的土壤水分特征,结果表明:在同一吸力条件下, 旱耕土壤类型不同,土壤含水量也不同;一般底土的含水量高于表土,深松土能够增加土层蓄水:不同耕作方式下,土壤含水量也不相同,休耕对蓄水具有明显作用。     

高温季节草地早熟禾草坪质量与叶片抗氧化酶活性的变化

为探讨高温伏旱胁迫下草地早熟禾草坪质量的下降与其植物体生理活性的关系,本试验在南京夏季田间调查了6个草地早熟禾品种的草坪盖度、密度、综合质量、叶片叶绿素含量及叶片组织含水量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果表明,随着夏季高温伏旱强度的增加和持续时间的延长,各品种的草坪盖度、密度、综合质量、叶片叶绿素含量和组织含水量均持续显著下降,8月中旬的草坪综合质量和叶片组织含水量分别比6月中旬降低了12.1%~27.6%和14.2%~27.6%;8月中旬叶片组织的SOD和POD活性分别比6月中旬下降了36.5%~55.0%和46.9%~65.7%,而MDA含量则增加了19.8%~88.7%。田间高温伏旱胁迫下草坪综合质量和叶片叶绿素含量、组织含水量、SOD与POD活性的降低幅度,以及叶片组织MDA含量的增加幅度均存在显著的品种间差异。较耐高温的“南农选系”和Midnight(W)在胁迫下的变化幅度明显小于不耐热的品种Bluechip、Sobra,以及耐热中等的品种America和Midnight(B),夏季草坪综合质量显著高于其它品种。相关分析结果表明,田间高温伏旱胁迫下草坪综合质量与叶片组织POD活性的下降幅度呈显著负相关。田间高温伏旱期间叶片组织保持较高的含水量和POD活性可能是草地早熟禾品种抗高温伏旱的重要标志之一。     

滇池水环境退化与区域内物种多样性的丧失

本文论述了滇池草海的物种多样性指数由20世纪50年代的2.70(ShannonˉW iener Index)降到90年代的0.29;滇池外海在20世纪50年代末,湖水面积90%以上为海菜花群落、马来眼子菜群落等,70年代仅占20%弱,20世纪90年代末的水生植物覆盖率不及3%;分析了藻类的种群优势度向着蓝藻种群优势度不断增加的方向发展,浮游动物的多样性增加,大型底栖无脊椎动物物种结构趋向单一化,鱼类多样性指数由1957年的1.81降为1997年的0.11,滇池的物种多样性指数由20世纪60年代的1.08降到90年代的0.67,认为滇池水环境退化与物种多样性丧失呈双向恶化效应,物种多样性重建是滇池生态恢复的重要指标。     

基于COI基因的入侵物种旧金山卤虫遗传多样性与遗传分化研究

伴随着中国水产养殖业的快速发展,原产美国的旧金山卤虫(Artemia franciscana)被引入至我国渤海湾地区.为研究旧金山卤虫被引入中国后其基因组遗传多样性改变情况,本研究利用COI线粒体分子标记,评估旧金山卤虫在非原生栖息地,即唐山曹妃甸南堡镇(渤海湾,河北省)定殖的旧金山卤虫的遗传多样性现状.研究分析发现:...     

玉米抗旱相关生理生化指标研究及品种筛选

对水分胁迫下12个玉米品种产量、水分利用效率和抗旱相关生理生化指标的分析表明,各品种产量与水分利用效率差异均达到显著水平(p<0.05),其中宁玉309、辽单565、郑单958、大民338四个品种的产量与水分利用效率达到较高水平;叶片相对含水量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量、叶绿素含量等抗旱相关生理生化指标值的差异在水分胁迫下达到显著水平(p<0.05)。通过12个玉米品种生理生化指标值进行的聚类分析表明,辽单565、郑单518、北育288及大民338聚为一类,它们可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素含量、相对含水量较高,丙二醛含量较低,抗旱性强;郑单958、益丰29、铁研124及秀青74-5聚为一类,它们可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素含量、相对含水量较低,丙二醛含量较高,抗旱性弱;宁玉309、大丰26、冀玉10及抚玉8号的各抗旱相关生理生化指标含量居中,抗旱性中等。结果表明:辽单565和大民338两个品种在具有较高抗旱性基础上,产量与水分利用效率也达到较高水平,达到了节水、抗旱、增产的目标,适合推广应用。     

新疆玛纳斯河径流时间变化特征及其趋势分析

依据新疆玛纳斯河肯斯瓦特水文站近46年实测月径流量资料,采用Morlet小波分析,径流集中度、轮次分析、游程检验、极差分析、气候趋势系数法等方法分析了玛纳斯河径流系列多时间尺度变化特征及其未来变化趋势。结果表明:玛纳斯河年径流系列存在7年及25年主周期;极限枯水历时达8年,平均缺水4.40m3/s;单独丰水年概率高于单独枯水年概率,发生3年及以上连枯年概率均高于连丰年,易发生持续干旱;玛纳斯河年径流和夏季径流显著增加(P=0.01),幅度分别为2.24m3/(s·10a)及7.45m3/(s·10a),夏季径流增加尤为明显;秋季和冬季径流也呈现增加趋势(P=0.05),幅度分别为0.45m3/(s·10a)及0.49m3/(s·10a)。